1、大学四级-76 及答案解析(总分：706.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.有人认为公交车上年轻人比武给老人让座 2. 有人认为年轻人没有义务给老人让座 3. 你的看法（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-
2、7, choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.Eat an Apple (Doctors Orders)The farm stand is becoming the new apothecary (剂师), preparing and giving out applesnot tomention vegetables such as ar
3、tichokes, asparagus and arugulato fill a novel kind of prescription.Doctors at three health centers in Massachusetts have begun advising patients to eat “prescriptionproduce“ from local farmers markets, in an effort to fight obesity (when someone is very fat in a way thatis unhealthy) in children of
4、 low-income families. Now they will give coupons (赠券) amounting to $1 aday for each member of a patients family to promote healthy meals.“A lot of these kids have a very limited range of fruits and vegetables that are acceptable andfamiliar to them. Potentially, they will try more,“ said Dr. Suki Te
5、pperberg, a family physician at CodmanSquare Health Center in Dorchester, one of the program sites. “The goal is to get them to increase theirconsumption of fruit and vegetables by one serving a day.“The effort may also help farmers markets compete with fast-food restaurants selling dollar valuemeal
6、s. Farmers markets do more than $1. billion in annual sales in the United States, according to theAgriculture Department.Massachusetts was one of the first states to promote these markets as hubs of preventive health. Inthe 1980s, for example, the state began issuing coupons for farmers markets to l
7、ow-income women whowere pregnant or breast-feeding or for young children at risk for malnutrition (营养不良). Thirty-sixstates now have such farmers market nutrition programs aimed at women and young children.Thomas M. Menino, the mayor of Boston, said he believed the new childrens program, in whichdoct
8、ors write vegetable “prescriptions“ to be filled at farmers markets, was the first of its kind. Doctorswill track participants to determine how the program affects their eating patterns and to monitor healthindicators like weight and body mass index, he said.“When I go to work in the morning, I see
9、kids standing at the bus stop eating chips and drinking asoda,“ Mr. Menino said in a phone interview earlier this week. “I hope this will help them change theireating habits and lead to a healthier lifestyle.“The mayors attention to healthy eating dates to his days as a city councilman. Most recentl
10、y he hasappointed a well-known chef as a food policy director to promote local foods in public schools and tofoster market gardens in the city.Although obesity is a complex problem unlikely to be solved just by eating more vegetables,supporters of the vegetable coupon program hope that physician int
11、ervention will spur young people toadopt the kind of behavioral changes that can help prevent lifelong obesity.Childhood obesity in the United States costs $14.1 billion annually in direct health expenseslike prescription drugs and visits to doctors and emergency rooms, according to a recent article
12、 on theeconomics of childhood obesity published in the journal Health Affairs. Treating obesity-related illness inadults costs an estimated $147 billion annually, the article said.Although the vegetable prescription pilot project is small, its supporters see it as a model forencouraging obese childr
13、en and their families to increase the volume and variety of fresh produce theyeat.“Can we help people in low-income areas, who shop in the center of supermarkets for low-costempty-calorie food, to shop at farmers markets by making fruit and vegetables more affordable?“said Gus Schumacher, the chairm
14、an of Wholesome Wave, a nonprofit group in Bridgeport, Conn., thatsupports family farmers and community access to locally grown produce.If the pilot project is successful, Mr. Schumacher said, “farmers markets would become like a fruitand vegetable pharmacy (房) for at-risk families.“The pilot projec
15、t plans to enroll up to 50 families of four at three health centers in Massachusetts thatalready have specialized childrens programs called healthy weight clinics.A foundation called CAVU, for Ceiling and Visibility Unlimited, sponsors the clinics that areadministering the vegetable project. The Mas
16、sachusetts Department of Agriculture and Wholesome Waveeach contributed $10,000 in seed money. (Another arm of the program, at several health centers in Maine,is giving fresh produce coupons to pregnant mothers.) The program is to nm until the end of the farmersmarket season in late fall.One month a
17、fter Leslie-Ann Ogiste, a certified nursing assistant in Boston, and her 9-year-old son,Makael Constance, received their first vegetable prescription coupons at the Codman Center, they havelost a combined four pounds, she said. A staff member at the center told Ms. Ogiste about a farmersmarket that
18、is five minutes from her apartment, she said.“It worked wonders,“ said Ms. Ogiste, who bought and prepared eggplant, cucumbers, tomatoes,summer squash, com, bok choy, parsley, carrots and red onions. “Just the variety, it did help.“Ms. Ogiste said she had minced some vegetables and used them in soup
19、, pasta sauce and ricedishesthe better to disguise the new good-for-you foods that she served her son.Makael said he did not mind. “Its really good,“ he said.Some nutrition researchers said that the Massachusetts project had a good chance of improvingeating habits in the short term. But, they added,
20、 a vegetable prescription program in isolation may nothave a long-term influence on reducing obesity. Families may revert to their former habits in the winterwhen the farmers markets are closed, these researchers said, or they may not be able to afford freshproduce after the voucher program ends.Dr.
21、 Shikha Anand, the medical director of CAVUs healthy weight initiative, said the group hoped tomake the veggie prescription project a year-round program through partnerships with grocery stores.But people tend to overeat junk food in higher proportion than they undereat vegetables, said Dr.Deborah A
22、. Cohen, a senior natural scientist at the RAND Corporation. So, unless people curtail (减少)excessive consumption of salty and sugary snacks, she said, behavioral changes like eating more fruit andvegetables will have limited effect on obesity.In a recent study led by Dr. Cohen, for examnple, people
23、in southem Louisiana typically exceededguidelines for eating salty and sugary foods by 120 percent in the course of a day while falling short ofvegetable and fruit consumption by 20 percent.The weight clinics in Massachusetts chosen for the vegetable prescription test project alreadyencourage famili
24、es to cut down on unhealthy snacks.Even as Ms. Ogiste and her son started shopping at the farmers market and eating more freshproduce, for example, they also cut back on junk food, she said.“We have stopped the snacks. We are drinking more water and less soda and less juice too,“ Ms.Ogiste said. “Al
25、l of that helped.“（分数：70.00）(1).Dr. Suki Tepperberg suggested that many overweight children_. A. have consumed too much meat B. dislike fruits and vegetables by nature C. mainly come from wealthy families D. will have more vegetables if provided（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Besides poor obese children, the v
26、egetable “prescription“ program is also helpful for_. A. doctors at the health centers B. farmers in the local market C. restaurants serving fast food D. manufactures providing concerned medicine（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the new childrens program, what doctors need to do is_. A. evaluating the effect
27、of the program B. writing prescriptions at a farm stand C. giving vegetable coupons to farmers D. developing novel medicine to fight obesity（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the phone interview, why did Thomas M. Menino support the current farmersmarket nutrition programs? A. He hoped to promote loc
28、al foods in the whole city. B. He wanted to change childrens unhealthy lifestyle. C. He was persuaded by his food policy director to do so. D. He had to fulfill his “healthy eating“ promise made years ago.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Some people support the vegetable coupon program because they think_. A. e
29、ating more fruits and vegetables can solve the problem of obesity B. the program will encourage overweight children to take more exercises C. it will save the patients a large amount of money on medical treatment D. eating habits changed under doctors interventions will do patients good（分数：7.00）A.B.
30、C.D.(6).What do we know about Wholesome Wave from the passage? A. It is a nonprofit group that specializes in weight control. B. It sponsors healthy weight clinics in local farmers markets. C. It tries to make fresh food available to poor families. D. It is giving vegetable coupons to pregnant women
31、.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).What happened to Leslie-Ann Ogiste after she got the first vegetable coupons? A. She successfully lost a lot of weight. B. She spent a total of four pounds on vegetables. C. She got her weight down a bit. D. She gained weight due to the variety of the food.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).
32、According to some nutrition researchers, the vegetable prescription program will have limited_effect on obesity if carried out（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).To effectively reduce obesity, Dr. Deborah A. Cohen suggested overweight people eat less_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).In Ms. Ogiste and her sons current diet, fr
33、esh vegetables are increased while junk food is_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：98.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was
34、said. Both the conversationand the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During thepause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
35、the centre. 1. A. The man should wait for a while. B. The man should keep it as a secret. C. She would like to know about that problem. D. The man should listen to the others opinion.ABCDC解析 M：I meet with a sticky problemI find it so hardto make the decisionThat nearly drives mecrazyW：Well，dont worr
36、yCome on，I am all earsQ：What does the woman mean?听前预测 选项中重复出现的 The man should表明，对话与女士给男士的建议有关，女士的话为听音重点。解析 对话中男士说遇到一个 sticky problem(棘手的问题)，很难做决定，女士听后说 I amall ears(我洗耳恭听)，由此可知，女士想知道这个问题是什么，故答案为C。（分数：28.00）(1). A. It is very boring. B. It is very interesting. C. It is a waste of time. D. It is his r
37、esponsibility.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Taking a train. B. Feeling nervous. C. Taking a plane. D. Traveling with her friends.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The man needs more skills. B. Vocabulary is sufficient for communication. C. The man should practice using the vocabulary. D. Vocabulary is a necessary
38、 part for communication.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Choose other time. B. Choose another bank. C. Pull through the crowds. D. Come to the bank in the morning.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. It wont be any different from the others. B. It will be unusually mild. C. It wont affect the hunters. D. It w
39、ill probably be cold.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The woman bought too many skirts. B. The woman bought all the skirts in the store. C. He wanted to see what the woman bought. D. He didnt like the style of the skirts.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. In an airplane. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant. D. In a sto
40、re.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Everybodys talking about E-mail nowadays. B. If you dont have one, you will be out of time. C. Its the easiest way to communicate with other users. D. Its printed on every card people exchange
41、 with others.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. It may not be of a high level of security. B. It cannot contain any commercial information. C. You can only use the free E-mail account at home. D. It is difficult to get access to the website with such service.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Internet Explorer. B.IE an
42、d Windows. C. The operating system. D. Additional software.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Print an E-mail address on her card. B. Check her hardware and software. C. Pay the ISP for the E-mail account. D. Try to get a free E-mail account.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation yo
43、u have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Tennis sets. B. Computer and TV set. C. Bookcase and book shelf. D. Refrigerator and kitchen stuff.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Sell them to the second-hand bookshop. B. Advertise them on the university notice boards. C. Advertise them in the student newspaper for sa
44、le. D. Give them to the second- and third-year students for free.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. It may not pay well. B. It may not come on time. C. It may not take the goods. D. It may charge the quote.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passag
45、es. At the end of each passage, youwill hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethroug
46、h the centre.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Moved. B. Annoyed. C. Delighted. D. Discouraged.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Ask him for pity. B. Tell him the truth. C. Tell him a white lie. D. Ask others to help you.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Remember all t
47、heir names. B. Remember just their last names. C. Remember a couple of names first. D. Remember as many names as possible.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Cycling around a lake. B. Motor racing in the desert. C. Playing basketball in
48、 a gym. D. Swimming in a sports center.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain. B. It causes water shortages around the world. C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes. D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. It is an outdoor sport. B. It improves our health. C. It uses fewer resources. D. It is recommended by experts.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).
