1、大学四级-19 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1学术抄袭现象日趋严重； 2. 分析学术抄袭现象产生的原因； 3. 探讨学术抄袭现象带来的原因；（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)BDirections:/B In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questi
2、ons 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.How to Make Peace with Your WorkloadSwamped (忙碌的), under the gun, just struggling to stay above water; whatever office clich you employ
3、 to depict it, weve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows.Get organized“Clear the deadw
4、ood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that youll retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion,“ says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than50 books on workpla
5、ce issues. “When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable.“Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. “Messy work
6、areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you cant locate a document or report easily because its lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation,“ he says. “Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and rep
7、orts in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies.“Make a to-do list, then cover it upIt may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm.Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to st
8、ay on track and highlight items that are a priority. “Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,“ she suggests. “This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if youre reading through a to-do list that spans a
9、n entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable,“ Carlson says.Stop multitaskingDespite what you may consider multitasking, its counterproductive. Unless youre drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, youre not saving any time by attemp
10、ting to do ten things at once.“If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement,“ Rudy says. “Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing.“ Rudy recommends the best way to st
11、op multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. “When applicable, complete one project before you move further onto the next one,“ he says. Set time limitsDeborah Chaddock-Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says shes frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her res
12、idence and running her own business. Still, she manages to “do it all“ by setting a time limit for each task. “I have the type of personality that flits (轻轻的掠过)from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate,“ Brown says.“As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will
13、 participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business (not sending photos or playing Farmville) and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I dont end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish ev
14、en though I felt busy all day.“Talk to your manager“Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them (that theyre no longer important). There are usually clear priorities in the managers head; he or she has just not done a great job communi
15、cating those with the employee,“ says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor.Greens suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss p
16、riorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done.“ Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do appr
17、oach and arent just complaining about their workload. Eliminate time wasters“If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,“ says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: “Use
18、voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says Youve got an e-mail and give staff members a set time to visit with you.“Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roths point. “E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a
19、constant inerruption, causing me to lose focus onthe task at hand,“ he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. “If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,“ he says. Assess your
20、 workload before taking on new tasks“The paradox of todays work environment is that the more you do, the more thats expected of you,“ Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: I
21、s the task aligned (使一致) with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the other party have options
22、other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no?Want to know more?Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.（分数：70.00）(1).Jeff Davidson suggests_. A
23、. redecorating ones office when it gets untidy B. getting rid of unnecessary materials at work C. cutting down trees blocking ones office D. improving ones ability of handling documents（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to Joel Rudy, what causes ones low efficiency at work? A. His lack of sufficient wor
24、king experience under his belt. B. His weak will-power which can be easily crushed by heavy workload. C. His lack of instruction in handling time while working. D. His incapability of managing materials necessary for his doing work well（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is becoming essential in managing a to
25、-do list? A. Concentrating on one task at a time. B. Grinning and bearing it. C. Getting overwhelmed over a long list. D. Increasing your speed of dealing with your tasks.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What may multitasking lead to? A. Saving time. B. Peace of mind at work. C. Low efficiency. D. Approval from
26、 your boss.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).After a change of ways to handle her work, Deborah Chaddock-Brown realizes that_. A. she is skillful at using social media B. she cant accomplish anything C. setting time limits helps D. she has a tendency to delay（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What does Holly Green think of so
27、me managers? A. They are sometimes willing to talk about responsibilities. B. They are faced with many tasks. C. They hate talking about priorities. D. They do not communicate well with their staff.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).How did Eileen Roth consider interruptions at work? A. One should avoid using ema
28、ils during work. B. Sometimes interruptions may make you relaxed. C. Email is a big time waster. D. Measures should be taken to eliminate them.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Justin Gramm decided to_ when he had realized that e-mails caused a big problem.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Before taking on new tasks, Davidson
29、 proposes that one _ first.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).In order to manage your work more efficiently, one is supposed to turn to _ for more suggestions, according to some experts.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short
30、 conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A ),
31、 B ), C) and D ), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）(1). A. The professor forgot to give the homework. B. Prof. Shoesmith is out for a lecture at a conference. C. The class will not be given until
32、 next Tuesday. D. Tracy may not be an honest friend.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She was easily affected by traffic conditions. B. The woman was an efficient colleague. C. He was considerate of her lateness. D. Her explanation was not an acceptable one.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Eric is an honest boy. B.
33、Eric has too high an opinion of Tokyo. C. Eric once had a job in Japan. D. What Eric said about Tokyo is believable.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Officer and soldier. B. Manager and office worker. C. Doctor and patient. D. Travel agent and customer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. He has made only a few trips ab
34、road. B. He dislikes traveling to foreign cities. C. He prefers domestic cities as destinations of business trips. D. He wishes to stay in domestic cities.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. It is a good picture of Bob in ev
35、ery detail. B. It is a bad image of Bob. C. It shows Bobs signature posture. D. It gives light to Bobs hair.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Iris is skillful at using the Intemet. B. Iris hates surfing online. C. Iris tends to stay in rather than go out. D. Iris ignores her homework very often.（分数：7.00）A.B.
36、C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Colleagues. B. Instructor and student. C. Neighbors. D. Anchor and guest.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Sensitive groups. B. Disadvantaged groups. C. Abundant groups. D. Complicated groups.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A.
37、Kids are facing big issues in life. B. Life is moving fast recently. C. Kids can not earn the living. D. Kids are growing up quickly.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Baby-sitting the children. B. Documenting the children. C. Complaining about the difficulty of living. D. Laboring the love for teenagers.（分数：
38、7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Shocked. B. Surprised. C. Regretful. D. Happy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She appreciates them. B. She thinks they are very interesting. C. She expects to buy some. D. She finds they are high-priced.（分数
39、：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Pursue of luxury. B. Pursue of fame. C. Possession of both luxury and fame. D. None of the above.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passag
40、e and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage
41、you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. It is the 100th day since the opening of the Expo Park. B. The lucky number “8“ happens to be the month and the date at the same time. C. It has been exactly 2 years since the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. D. It is Sunday.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Stand in queu
42、e to buy a reservation ticket. B. Stand in queue for entry. C. Join a race. D. Visit other popular pavilions.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The Shanghai Expos unveiling. B. 9:36 a.m., Aug. 8. C. 9:00 a.m., Aug. 8. D. 4:00 a.m., Aug. 8.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage
43、 you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Plants and animals. B. Plants and fungi. C. Plants and human beings. D. Plants and earth.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Plants cannot see. B. Plants are invisible. C. Human beings cannot recognize certain species of plants. D. Plants are damaged rather than protecte
44、d by human beings.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Plant more crops in the countryside. B. Build more habitat regions for human beings. C. Work out more plant protection and regeneration methods. D. Ensure great advancement in technology and economy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based
45、 on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1).A. Unconscious biases.B. Mentally difference. C. Intelligent difference. D. Physically difference.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. 162. B. 116. C. 126. D. 26.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Female students have a slight preference on female lecturers. B. Male stud
46、ents have no preference on male lecturers. C. Each gender have different preferences. D. Male students have much preference on male lecturers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Legal aspect.B. Economic aspect. C. Education aspect. D. Social security.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Directions: In
47、 this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For
48、 blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In 1995, Ryan Schreiber was a 19-year-old Minneapolis record-store clerk who wanted to publish a rock-music fanzine (杂志) but lacked acces
