1、大学四级-109 及答案解析(总分：594.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.现如今很多大学生利用课余时间及假期进行实践活动2. 人们对这一现象的不同看法3. 你如何看待这一现象Social Practice_（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Are we ready for the library of the future?Librarians or providers of tech support?Librarians today will tell you their
2、job is not so much to take care of books but to give people access to information in all forms. Since librarians, like so many people, believe that the entire universe of commerce, communication and information is moving to digital form, they are on a reform to give people access to the Internetto p
3、revent them from becoming second-class citizens in an all-digital world.Something funny happened on the road to the digital library of the future, though. Far from becoming keepers of the keys to the Grand Database of Universal Knowledge, todays librarians are increasingly finding themselves in an u
4、nexpected, overloaded role: They have become the general publics last-resort providers of tech support.It wasnt supposed to be this way. Todays libraries offer a variety of media and social-cultural eventsthey are “blended libraries,“ to use a term created by Kathleen Imhoff, assistant director of t
5、he Broward County Library of Fort Lauderdale, Florida. At the newly remodeled San Francisco Public Library, the computers are prominently displayed in the center of the Library building while the books are all but hidden on the periphery. Imhoffs own library has word processing and other types of so
6、ftware for visitors to use, Internet access, audio CDs, videotapes, concerts, lectures, books and periodicals in three forms (print, microfiche and digital).Many libraries have found that this kind of “blending“ is hugely popular in their communities, and librarians explain the changes in their inst
7、itutions roles by pointing to the public demand for these new services. But other trends are at work, too. Can computers really help visitors to find what they want?For some time, libraries have been automating their back-end, behind-the-desk functions for reasons of cost and convenience, just like
8、any other business. Now, the computers have moved out from behind librarians desks and onto the floor where the visitors are. This means that, suddenly, library-goers will have to know how to use those computers.This sounds reasonable enough until you take a close look. Unfortunately, the same techn
9、ology that cuts costs and relieves librarians of work behind the scenes increases it for the public-and for the librarians at the front desk who have to help the public figure out how to use the technology. The unhappy result: People are simply not finding the information they seek.If you are just c
10、oming to the library to read a book for pleasure and you know what a card catalog is and you have some basic computer skills, then you are going to be OK. But if you are trying to find some specific informationsay, whether software in the classroom helps kids learn belter or the causes of lung cance
11、r or the basic procedure for doing a cost-benefit analysis of computer systems (three topics I have actually tried to look up in the San Francisco Library)then youre in trouble.What should a visitor of the future Library be equipped with?To begin with, library visitors must now be able to type, to u
12、se a mouse and a menu and to understand the various types of computer interfaces (terminal text, windows and browsers). Its also nice if you know 17 different ways to quit a program, which electronic databases you should look in for what kinds of information, the grammar necessary to define your sea
13、rch and the Library of Congress controlled vocabulary. After I had been to the new San Francisco Library three times, I started keeping a folder of instructions on how to do a keyword search (fi a = author, for example), since I would forget between visits.Probably half the population has never used
14、 a computer, fewer know how to type and almost nobody knows anything about electronic databases or searching grammar. As a result, the public library is now engaged in a massive attempt to teach computer literacy to the enth-e country. Some librarians compare it to the adult literacy programs the li
15、brary also sponsors, but this is on a far larger scaleand less closely tied to the librarys traditional mission.What do libraries do to help visitors to get prepared for the future libraries?The response at each library system has been different. Some libraries actually give courses in word processi
16、ng, accounting program and so on. But even at libraries where the staff has resisted becoming computer trainers, they are still forced to devote significant resources to the problem.Such has been the case in San Francisco, where people with disabilities can sign up to use the voice-recognition progr
17、am Dragon Dictatebut only if they can prove they already know how to use the software. The librarians have neither the time nor the peculiar skill (nor the time to develop the skill) to teach it to them. At the reference desks, librarians try not to spend a lot of time teaching people the basics of
18、how to use the computer, but sometimes its unavoidable. “We try to get them started,“ says business librarian John Kenney. “We let them do as much as they can on their own and they come get us. Its certainly a big problem. “The San Francisco Library offers classes on its own electronic catalog, comm
19、ercial periodical indexes and the Internet twice a week as well as occasional lectures about the Internet. Although it seems odd to me that people now need to take a two-hour class before they can use the library, the classes are always full. But despite the excellent teachers, two hours is simply n
20、ot enough to meet the needs of the students, many of whom have never used a computer before in their lives and many of whom simply cant type. When I took the class one Tuesday, the man sitting next to me said he has used the librarys computer catalog many times, but he keeps making typing mistakes w
21、ithout knowing it. This unexpectedly throws him into the wrong screens and he doesnt know how to get back. On the floor, he repeatedly has to ask a librarian for help. Libraries own trouble“Providing technology does not mean people can use the technology,“ says Marc Webb, a San Francisco librarian a
22、nd one of the teachers. “Half the voters are still trying to read English. “ The library has also had to deal with the practical difficulties of making its catalog accessible via the Internet, a new service many libraries are starting to offer.“Its absolutely overwhelming,“ Webb says. “ Everyone is
23、getting to us with multiple transports, theyre all using different software, they have Winsock or Telnet set up differently, and suddenly the library is forced to become a hardware and software help desk. When youre trying to tell someone over the telephone how to set up Winsock through AOL when thi
24、s is the first time theyve ever used a computer, its very difficult. “（分数：70.00）(1).In todays libraries, the librarians are people who _. A. take care of the books B. conduct better-reader programs C. provide tech support for the public D. help promote the popularity of the library（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(
25、2).According to Kathleen Imhoff, libraries at the present time are _. A. traditional libraries B. blended libraries C. digital libraries D. high-tech libraries（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is said about the San Francisco Public Library? A. There are only computer databases, without books. B. Books are n
26、o longer open to the general public. C. Computers are more prominently displayed than books. D. The number of librarians has been deceased sharply.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Libraries have been automating their back-end, behind-the-desk functions in consideration of _. A. cost and convenience B. advanceme
27、nt of technology C. the demands of readers D. the number of visitors（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).If you have some basic knowledge of card catalogue and computer skills, you will be able to _. A. find a software that helps improve learning ability B. find a procedure for doing financial analysis C. know the
28、causes of lung cancer D. read a book for pleasure（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What programs are sponsored by public libraries? A. Wildlife protection programs. B. Adult literacy programs. C. Environmental research programs. D. Family planning programs.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Dragon Dictate is the software whic
29、h is used to help _ in library use. A. school children B. the blind or deaf C. elderly people D. the disabled（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).The San Francisco Library requires its visitors to take a _ course before they can use the library.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).The man sitting next to the author in the class cou
30、ld not open the right screen because of his _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Recently, many libraries are trying to provide the visitors with a new service: _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：3，分数：112.00)（分数：35.00）(1). A. Wash fewer clothes at a time. B. Use a different washin
31、g machine. C. Use her washing machine instead. D. Wash his clothes by hand.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She should think more before talking. B. She is not serious about others point. C. She doesnt understand others point. D. She is preparing for her role in a play.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The man shoul
32、d consider changing jobs. B. The style of the suit is out-of-date actually. C. The color of the suit is not appropriate. D. The man should buy the suit immediately.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. She understands it is rush hour. B. She wants to watch her sister play. C. She loves star soccer players. D. Sh
33、e isnt interested in soccer game at all.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Its time-consuming. B. Its easy to complete. C. Its extended for two weeks. D. Its required to be handwritten.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Colleagues. B. Boss and secretary. C. Customer and client manager. D. Husband and wife.（分数
34、：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The late delivery of the copy machine. B. The daily work. C. The order number. D. The time of the work.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. To pay for the late delivery. B. To do something to make her happy C. To wait and see. D. To check and give a final solution.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：56.0
35、0）(1). A. A holiday. C. Work. B. Luck. D. An accident.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She prefers the stadium. C. The light isnt bright enough. B. She agrees with the man. D. The dining hall isnt large enough.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Two hours by train. C. One hour by bus. B. One hour by train. D. One hour
36、 by car.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. English. C. Australian. B. Canadian. D. Austrian.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Straight ahead on the street. C. On the left. B. On the right. D. Over there.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6). A. Crowns. C. Peters. B. Mrs. Petersons. D. Mr. Petersons.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7). A. Dentist and
37、 patient, C. Roommates. B. Schoolmates. D. Workmates.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8). A. Because she was not at home. C. Because she was washing her hair. B. Because she didnt hear the telephone ting. D. Because she didnt want to answer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)（分数：21.00）(1). A. Plants an
38、d animals. B. Plants and fungi. C. Plants and human beings. D. Plants and earth.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Plants cannot see. B. Plants are invisible. C. Human beings cannot recognize certain species of plants. D. Plants are damaged rather than protected by human beings.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Plant
39、more crops in the countryside. B. Build more habitat regions for human beings. C. Work out more plant protection and regeneration methods. D. Ensure great advancement in technology and economy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：28.00）(1). A. Diet. B. Weight control. C. Aerobic exercise. D. Eating habits and exerc
40、ise.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Nuts. B. Sugar. C. Vegetable oil. D. Dairy products.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Forty or fifty minutes of exercise once a week. B. Twenty or thirty minutes of exercise every day. C. Fifteen or twenty minutes of exercise five days a week. D. Thirty or forty minutes of exerci
41、se three or four days a week.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Carbohydrates. B. Indirect fat. C. Body fluid. D. Fat.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1).What does the speaker tell us about the common cameras? A. They can help take pictures of cars on highways. B. They can help send fines to speedy motorists. C. T
42、hey can help catch cars breaking traffic rules. D. They can help make the traffic run smoother.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).what do we know about the new video camera system? A. It takes pictures only. B. It can not do paperwork. C. It needs someone to issue fines. D. It takes pictures and does paperwork.（分
43、数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What do the inventors suggest the new video camera system can do? A. It can help catch stolen cars. B. It can package food. C. It makes cars run faster. D. It gives information to the drivers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：11.00)Today, Ill be talking about the invention
44、of the camera and photography. The camera is often thought to be a modem invention. But as early as 1727, a German physicistU U 1 /U /Uthat light darkened silver salt, a chemicalU U 2 /U /U. Using as a cameras a big box with a small hole to let the light in, he madeU U 3 /U /Uimages on the salt. Sil
45、ver salt is still the base of film today. Then a French scientist made the firstU U 4 /U /Upicture by using a special piece of metalU U 5 /U /Uwith silver salt.A photography he made in 1826 still exists. The painter Dagera U U 6 /U /Uon the process by placing common salt, the kind we eat, on the met
46、al This was in 1839, theU U 7 /U /Udate of the beginning of photography. But the problem was theU U 8 /U /Uof the photographs, AndU U 9 /U /UIn 1860s, Matthew Brady was able to take his famous pictures of the American Civil War, thus making portrait poses very popular. In the 20th century, George Eastman of the United States and Edwards Land,U U 10 /U /U. If we say that the photography came into existence in 1839, it follows thatU U 11 /U /U. （分数：11.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
