1、大学四级-101 及答案解析(总分：414.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.过去学生是如何度过暑假的 2.现在许多学生在暑假期间也非常繁忙 3.我对此现象的看法 B How do Students Spend Their Summer Vacations?/B（分数：1.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDo We Need Cities Any More?/BI dont want to live in a city. Perhaps we divide naturally into two
2、types: those for whom cities are vibrant (振动的) and exciting, a focus for human activity; and those for whom they are dirty, noisy and dangerous. It may be unfashionable, but Im in the latter camp. I do not believe that we are a species whose behavior improves in overcrowded conditions.A new study pr
3、oposes a significant increase in the capacity of towns and cities through a combination of increased housing densities, lower on-plot provision for cars and more on-street parking, and the re-use of marginal open space that is empty of any amenity value (休闲价值). The benefit of this approach is to red
4、uce the loss of green fields and to help “move towards more sustainable patterns of development“.This study suggests that it would be possible to achieve a 25% increase in density in a typical provincial city without changing the traditional street scene, although it would be necessary to reduce the
5、 size of the houses and substitute parking spaces for garages. Therefore, the cost of this approach is to have more people living in smaller homes at higher densities, along streets that are lined with parked cars. Can we really accept the notion that space within dwellings may be reduced even furth
6、er? In times when, we are told, living standards are rising in real terms, is it realistic to seek to reduce personal space standards?The streets of many inner suburbs are already lined with cars on both sides, reducing movement to a single lane. Increasing densities means accepting urban streets th
7、at are designed as linear car parks, bounded by even smaller living units and modified only by occasional trees growing from the tarmac (柏油碎石路). Would the benefits of higher density be worth the disadvantages of increasing on-street parking? Can we achieve a satisfactory visual environment from such
8、 raw materials? Higher urban densities may be communally good for us, but they will fail to meet the desire of many prospective home owners.Those without economic choice can be directed to live in this way, but if we are to continue to rely on the private sector to produce this urban housing, it wil
9、l need to appeal to the private developers customers. Who will choose to live in these high-density developments of small dwellings, with minimal open space and a chance to park on the highway if you are lucky enough to find a space? The main consumers will be single people, couples without children
10、, and perhaps some “empty nesters“ (people whose children have grown up and left home). These are people who can choose to spend much of their time outside their home, making the most of those urban cultural opportunities or getting away at weekends to a country cottage or sporting activi- ties.The
11、combination of a young family and a mortgage (抵押贷款) restricts the mobility and spend- ing power of many couples. Most people with a family will try to avoid bringing up their children in an overcrowded flat or house. Space for independent activity is important in developing the individual and in mai
12、ntaining family balance. The garden is the secure place where the children can work off excess energy.There is a danger that planners may take a dispassionate (冷静的), logical view of how we should live, and seek to force society into that shape. A few years ago a European Commission study provided a
13、good example of this. It took the view, quite sensibly, that housing should not be under-occupied because this is a waste of resources. Therefore, it would be much better if the many thousands of old ladies who live alone in large detached houses would move into small urban flats, thus releasing the
14、 large houses for families. What the study failed to recognize was that many of those old ladies prefer to continue to live in their family home with their familiar surroundings and, most importantly, with their memories. What is good for us is not necessarily what we want.The urban housing option m
15、ay be technically sustainable, but individually unacceptable. There still seems to be a perception among planners that new housing investment can be forced into those areas that planners want to see developed, without proper consideration of where the prospective purchasers want to live. There is a
16、fatal flaw in this premise (前提). Housing developers run businesses. They are not unavoidably committed to building houses and they are not obliged to invest their resources in housing development. Unless there is a reasonable prospect of a profit on the capital at risk in a housing project, they may
17、 simply choose to invest in some other activity.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, we are a species whose behavior improves in overcrowded conditions.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).It is proposed that the capacity of towns and cities be greatly decreased.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The author doubts that people ca
18、n really accept the notion that space within dwellings may be reduced even further.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).For every family with a mortgage, their mobility and spending power is restricted.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Most parents will try not to let their children grow up in an overcrowded flat or house.（分数：1.0
19、0）填空项 1:_(6).Space for independent activity contributes to creative thinking.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).What is good for us is usually what we want.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The main consumers who can choose to make the most of those urban cultural opportunities or get away at weekends to the countryside will be
20、 _and perhaps some “empty nesters“.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).According to a European Commission study, housing should be fully-occupied to avoid_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).Without a_of a profit, housing developers may simply choose to invest in some other activity.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00
21、)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：119.00)（分数：28.00）(1). A. Newspaper of low price. B. Newspaper with attractive headline. C. Newspaper with sports page. D. Newspaper with business section.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The size of the daily newspaper. B. The staff of the daily newspaper. C. The circulation of the
22、daily newspaper. D. The advertisements in the daily newspaper.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The whole paper. B. The parts that interest her. C. The news section only. D. The business section only.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Because they are not news. B. Because they arent pleasant to read. C. Because most p
23、eople dont like to read about them. D. Because they are difficult to understand.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：28.00）(1). A. Because he hates TV news. B. Because he is not an “average American“. C. Because he doesnt like most of the TV programs. D. Because he prefers reading magazines to watching TV.（分数：7.00）
24、A.B.C.D.(2). A. Most of the programs are terrible. B. Commercials are OK. C. TV mystery sounds interesting. D. Many TV programs are worth watching.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Sports. B. News. C. TV mystery. D. News stories.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The man should spend more time watching TV. B. The man
25、can hardly refuse TV programs. C. The man has told a lie. D. Sherlock Holmes deserves watching.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：28.00）(1). A. They can raise ones blood pressure. C. They are not acceptable to most people. B. They can cause heart attack. D. They can damage arm muscles.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. By
26、talking to an expert. C. By attending an exercise class. B. By reading an article. D. By listening to the radio.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Exercising the entire body. C. Losing weight prior to exercise. B. Having your blood pressure taken. D. Breathing deeply before each exercise.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).
27、 A. Because her order was the last one. B. Because she did not pay the dealer on time. C. Because she did not pay the dealer extra money. D. Because she lived far away.语音下载（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each co
28、nversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A,B,C andD, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the cor
29、responding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. （分数：35.00）(1). A. 1016. B. 1060. C. 508. D. 580.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Father and daughter. B. Uncle and niece. C. Aunt and nephew. D. Cousins.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. She wasnt invited. B. She wasnt ready to come. C. She a
30、ltered her decision. D. She forgot the invitation.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The door needs repairing. B. He had lost all his keys. C. He couldut open the door. D. He wanted the woman to help him.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Shes rather happy to hear so. B. Shes disappointed to hear so. C. Shes unhappy to
31、 hear so. D. Shes surprised to hear so.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：4，分数：84.00)（分数：21.00）(1). A. About10,000F. B. About20,000,000F. C. About 2,000,000F. D. About 20,000F.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Masses. B. Molten lava. C. Gasses. D. Unknown substances.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Its a well-known
32、 fact. B. Its a common assumption. C. Its an unfounded theory. D. Its a scientific belief.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Computers are fast. B. Computers do not often provide evidences or witnesses. C. Computers can replace paperwork. D. Computers are safe from human temptation.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.
33、(2). A. The police, found his name in the records of an illegal gambling operation. B. His customer reported to the police about the crime. C. He confessed his crime to the police. D. The bank noticed his crime and reported it to the police.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Because most computer criminals ar
34、e major employees. B. Because many employees use computers to steal money. C. Because they do not know how to deal with computer crime at all. D. Because there might be more computer crimes done by experts.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Talking casually about the old in front of them as if they
35、were absent. B. Patting old people in their faces. C. Rearranging the neckwear for the old. D. Pulling at old peoples shawls.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Too much sympathy will inevitably humiliate the old. B. People respect the old and want to take care of them. C. The old should be left to do all they
36、 can by themselves. D. People today care too little about the elderly.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Comfortable environment. B. Frequent visits by their children. C. Organized entertainments. D. Human dignity and the respect of ones fellows.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Solar energy. B. Synthetic fu
37、el. C. Alcohol fuel. D. Electricity power.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Air traffic conditions. B. Road conditions. C. New traffic rules. D. Traffic jams on highways.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Arrive early for boarding. B. Carry little luggage. C. Undergo security checks. D. Arrive late for boarding.（分数：7.
38、00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection C/B(总题数：2，分数：21.00)I once had a friend that was S36 _ with S37 _ cancer, and the news that he might only live up to six months was a great shock to him, his family, and his friends. However, in spite of the dire S38 _ , he was initially determined to look into all S39 _ treatme
39、nts that might cure or extend his life. I think that when you find yourself in such situations, you tend to look up every possible S40 _ for hope of preserving your life.As the months progressed and his health grew worse, I noticed an unexpected change in attitude that came over him. He had also bee
40、n a jovial person with an S41 _ personality, but rather (than) give in to discouragement and self-pity, he took comfort his faith in God and humanity. His conversations S42 _ on others rather than himself, and he spoke of the afterlife as something he was prepared for, believing that his deceased an
41、cestors, including his mother and father, were there waiting for him.S43 _ .He didnt complain about his fate, S44 _.Indeed, one might ponder why God allows death and suffering in our world, but for me, such experiences taught me to value family more and kindness for others. S45 _. （分数：10.00）(1).S36（
42、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).S37（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).S38（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).S39（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).S40（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).S41（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).S42（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).S43（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).S44（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).S45（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem
43、of how to make their workers moreU U 11 /U /U.Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs moreU U 12 /U /U. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence toU U 13 /U /Uthat while variety certainly makes the workers life moreU U 14 /U /U, it does not actually make him work
44、 harder. As far asU U 15 /U /Uproductivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the workerU U 16 /U /Uto do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in
45、the modern factory with its complicatedU U 17 /U /Uwhich must be used in aU U 18 /U /Uway.U U 19 /U /U. Another important consideration is how much each worker con tributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only a small part of the product.U U 20 /U /U. so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line.U U 21 /U /U. （分数：11.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、BSection A/B(总题数：1，分数：90.00)Gestures U U 1 /U /Usignals, and these signals must come
