1、大学六级模拟 981 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “When you stop chasing the wrong things you give the right things a chance to catch you.“ You can give examples to illustrate your
2、point and then explain what you will do to avoid chasing the wrong things and give the right things a chance to catch you. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：2，分数：104.00)Qu
3、estions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.Providing aid to the disabled.B.Selling products made for left-handers.C.Promoting products for manufacturers.D.Printing labels for manufactured goods.A.About half of them are unavailable on the market.B.The kitchenware in
4、 his shop is of unique design.C.All of them are manufactured in his own plant.D.Most of them are specially made for his shop.A.It is the man who is talking that set up the business.B.There was more competition in the business about 30 years ago.C.There are more left-handed products on the market now
5、.D.People in the business should run stores to sell products.A.They specialise in one product only.B.They have outlets throughout Britain.C.They run chain stores in central London.D.They sell by mail order only.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.It publis
6、hes magazines.B.It is engaged in product design.C.It sponsors trade fairs.D.It runs sales promotion campaigns.A.The woman“s company failed to make payments in time.B.The ad specifications had not been given in detail.C.The woman“s company made last-minute changes.D.Organising the promotion was reall
7、y time-consuming.A.Run another four-week campaign.B.Give her a 10 percent discount.C.Extend the campaign to next year.D.Cut the fee by half for this year.A.Calm down and make peace.B.Improve their promotion plans.C.Stop negotiating for the time being.D.Reflect on their respective mistakes.四、Section
8、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：42.00)Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.They are labeled pet animals by the researchers.B.They look spotlessly clean throughout their lives.C.They are looked after by animal-care organizations.D.They sacrifice their liv
9、es for the benefit of humans.A.They may behave abnormally.B.They may breed out of control.C.They may affect the results of experiments.D.They may cause damage to the environment.A.When they are no longer useful.B.When they become ill.C.When they become escapees.D.When they get too old.A.While holdin
10、g a burial ceremony for a pet mouse, they were killing pest mice.B.While advocating freedom for animals, they kept their pet mouse in a cage.C.While calling for animal rights, they allowed their kids to keep pet animals.D.While launching animal protection campaigns, they were trapping kitchen mice.六
11、、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：31.50)Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：31.50）A.They contribute most to it.B.They are crazy about it.C.They often find fault with it.D.They take it for granted.A.Tidal restlessness.B.Heat and light.C.Economic prosperity.D.Historical continuity
12、.A.They lack knowledge of the culture of the city.B.They are adventurers from all over the world.C.They have difficulty surviving.D.They find the city alien to them.七、Section C(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Protein was recognized as an
13、essential component of diet.B.Vitamins were synthesized from foods.C.Effective measures of weight loss were determined.D.Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health.A.In order to urge medical doctors to participate in research studies on nutrition.B.In order to encourage medical doctors to
14、 apply concepts of nutrition in the treatment of disease.C.In order to persuade doctors to conduct experimental vitamin therapies on their patients.D.In order to support the creation of artificial vitamins.A.The public lost interest in vitamins.B.Medical schools stopped teaching nutritional concepts
15、.C.Nutritional research was of poor quality.D.Claims for the effectiveness of vitamin therapy were exaggerated.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.How babies differentiate between the sound of the human voice and other sounds.B.The differences between a bab
16、y“s and an adult“s ability to comprehend language.C.How babies perceive and respond to the human voice in their early stages of language development.D.The response of a baby to sounds other than the human voice.A.To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds.B.To give examples of
17、sounds that will cause a baby to cry.C.To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds.D.To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like.A.Babies who are exposed to more than one language can acquire languages earlier than those to a single language.B.Mothers from differ
18、ent cultures speak to their babies in a similar way.C.Babies ignore facial expressions in comprehending their parents“ language.D.The mothers observed by the researchers were consciously teaching their babies to speak.A.They understand the rhythm.B.They enjoy the sounds of them.C.They can remember t
19、hem easily.D.They focus on their parents“ words.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Britain.B.Germany.C.France.D.Japan.A.The United States had a leading position on the world market by the start of World War I.B.The centre of film-making moved eastwards fro
20、m Hollywood to New York.C.Many film industries could compete with that of Hollywood.D.The film markets of Russia and Japan were the only promising ones.A.Indifferent.B.Biased.C.Negative.D.Neutral.八、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)As the economy continues to 1 , a growing
21、number of employers are once again hiring. What“s more, the gains aren“t limited to certain sectors. Rather, a broad swath of companies within the Fortune 500from health care providers to retailers to defense contractors to insurersare looking to fill 60,000 2 The uptick is being 3 in part by better
22、-than-expected profits that are helping to fill corporate coffers. Among big banks, many of which laid off thousands of workers after the 2008 financial crisis, JP Morgan Chase (JPM), the nation“s second-largest bank, has 4 plans to hire nearly 9,000 new employees. Another sector showing signs of mu
23、ch improved hiring is 5 . Challenger points to Intel (INTC), the world“s largest chip maker, which plans to 6 up to 2,000 positions in manufacturing, and research and development. And the sector is expected to see more growth. Amid the recession, many firms halted spending. If the job picture appear
24、s more 7 than just a few weeks, that“s because it“s human to be 8 pessimistic during and immediately after a recession, Challenger says. “Especially in this recession (衰退). It“s been a long and difficult and slow moving recession“ that really struck at core sectors of the economy. That“s way differe
25、nt from dot-com bubble that burst about a decade ago. While there has been some job growth in manufacturing, Challenger says there haven“t been 9 gains. Still, that“s better than bleeding jobs. A cheaper dollar on world markets is helping by making US-made goods cheaper abroad, but still the sector
26、faces big challenges, such as foreign competition and the 10 effects of the recession. A. announced B. brighten C. substantial D. advised E. driven F. add G. exaggeratedly H. lingering I. openings J. employees K. technology L. science M. develop N. overly O. robust（分数：35.50）十、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.0
27、0)Is It Worth Eating an Organic Diet?Organic or Inorganic A. Sales of organic food have been rising steadily over the past decade, reaching almost $30 billion in 2011, or 4.2% of all U.S. food and beverage sales, according to the Organic Trade Association. Many of the consumers who purchase these pr
28、oducts say paying more for organic produce, milk and meat is a trade-off they are willing to make in order to avoid exposure to chemical pesticides and fertilizers and milk from cows given bovine growth hormone (牛生长激素). Some experts say common sense should tell us that food grown without the help of
29、 synthetic chemicals is probably safer and healthier to consume than food containing those substances, even in trace amounts. They believe Americans should try to substitute organic products for conventional ones whenever possible. B. However, other families, especially those whose food budgets may
30、be more limited wonder if organic food is really worth its hefty price tag. Other experts point out that there isn“t enough scientific evidence to say for sure that eating organic food leads to better health. As such, they say the most important dietary advice they can give Americans is to eat more
31、fresh fruit and vegetables and less processed food. C. Alex Leo, associate professor of environmental exposure biology at the Harvard School of Public Health, argues for eating more organic food. Janet H. Silverstein, a professor of endocrinology (内分泌学) at the University of Florida and a co-author o
32、f an American Association of Pediatrics (儿科学) study on the health benefits of an organic diet, takes the skeptic“s view. So far, researchers haven“t been able to provide them with a definitive answer. Short Exposure to Pesticide D. Is there definitive scientific proof that an organic diet is healthi
33、er? “Not yet,“ said Leo. Robust scientific studies comparing food grown organically and food grown conventionally don“t exist, thanks to a lack of funding for this kind of research. “The lack of definitive evidence combined with the higher price of organic food has given skeptics a golden opportunit
34、y to argue that organic isn“t worth the cost and effort,“ he added. E. While studies in recent years have delivered a decidedly mixed message about the healthfulness of organic food, those on both sides of the debate generally agree that organic produce typically contains fewer pesticides than conve
35、ntional produce, and that people may be able to reduce or eliminate agricultural chemicals from their bodies by adopting an organic diet. This was illustrated in a study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives in 2006. That study, which was led by Leo, showed that within five days
36、 of substituting mostly organic produce for conventional produce in children“s diets, pesticides disappeared from the children“s urine (尿液). Protective Effect F. Many say the pesticides found in our food are nothing to fear because the levels fall well below federal safety guidelines and thus aren“t
37、 dangerous. Similarly, they say the bovine growth hormone used to increase cows“ milk yield is perfectly safe. But federal guidelines don“t take into account what effect repeated exposure to low levels of chemicals might have on humans over time. And many pesticides were eventually banned or restric
38、ted by the federal government after years of use when they were discovered to be harmful to the environment or human health. G. Pesticides, in particular, are made to kill organisms, and the President“s Cancer Panel in 2010 made clear that it sees them as a threat, advising Americans to “reduce thei
39、r cancer risks by choosing, to the extent possible, food grown without pesticides or chemical fertilizers.“ H. Recent field studies showed that organic produce, such as strawberries, leafy vegetables and wheat, not only tastes better but contains much higher levels of phenolic acids (酚酸) than conven
40、tional produce. Phenolic acids can prevent cellular damage, and offer some protection against oxidative stress (氧化应激), inflammation and cancer. The Price Debate I. Yes, organic food typically costs more and can be harder to find than traditional food, but one could argue that the price of convention
41、al food is artificially low because of all the subsidies that organic farmers don“t get and that the government could do more to help organic farmers lower their costs. Nevertheless, when bought in-season, organic produce is often comparable in price to conventional produce. J. A good strategy for c
42、onsumers on limited budgets is to buy the organic versions of foods on the Environmental Working Group“s “Dirty Dozen“ list, as they typically contain the most pesticides. Or, consumers could focus on buying the organic versions of the foods they eat most. Knowing that we could reduce our exposure t
43、o pesticides and increase our exposure to antioxidants (抗氧化剂) by eating organic food, it makes great common sense to consume more of it. K. Organic food is more expensive than conventional offerings, which could make it cost-prohibitive for families on limited food budgets. Given the lack of data sh
44、owing that organic food leads to better health, it would be counterproductive to encourage people to adopt an organic diet if they end up buying less produce as a result. If families can afford to buy organic and still put a good amount of healthy food on the table, then the decision about whether t
45、o spend the extra money on organic produce, milk and meat should be based on a solid understanding of what we do and don“t know about the benefits. Pesticides and Safety L. It is difficult to compare the nutritional value of organic versus conventional food because the soil, climate, timing of harve
46、st, and storage conditions all affect the composition of produce. Still, published studies have found no significant differences in nutritional quality between organic and nonorganic produce or milk. Similarly, there is no evidence that giving bovine growth hormone (BGH) to cows changes the composit
47、ion of milk or affects human health. BGH is inactive in humans and degrades in the acidic environment of the stomach. As for pesticide exposure, the U.S. in 1996 established maximum permissible levels for pesticide residues in food to ensure food safety. Many studies have shown that pesticides level
48、s in conventional produce fall well below those guidelines. M. While it“s true that organic fruits and vegetables in general contain fewer traces of these chemicals, we can“t draw conclusions about what that means for health as there haven“t been any long-term studies comparing the relationship betw
49、een exposure to pesticides from organic versus nonorganic foods and adverse health outcomes. It may seem like “common sense“ to reduce exposure to these chemicals, but there are currently no good evidence-based studies to answer the question. N. While awaiting definitive studies, families on limited budgets who are concerned about pesticide exposure can refer to the Environmental Working Group“s list of the “Dirty Dozen,“ those foods with the highest pesticide residues, and the “Clean 15“, the food
