1、大学六级模拟 974 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss how to get rid of the haze. You should give
2、sound arguments to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：2，分数：104.00)Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.Traveling in South Africa to seek medical help.B.P
3、romoting awareness and prevention of AIDS.C.Visiting clients and signing contracts.D.Collecting fund for the new business.A.Africans are not very brave and resourceful.B.There is no treatment or healthcare center at all.C.There were no effective prevention systems.D.There was no formal education in
4、Africa at all.A.It cannot be prevented.B.It has been controlled.C.It also spreads in India.D.It grows fastest in Africa.A.By informing people that it“s an incurable disease.B.By providing effective medicine to stop its transmission.C.By disciplining young people against contracting and spreading it.
5、D.By combining education and prevention with care and treatment.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.To organize activities for children.B.To sell local farm products.C.To bring tourists to the town.D.To raise fund for the hospital.A.In various tents.B.In u
6、niversity buildings.C.In a hospital.D.In an auditorium.A.Play in a band.B.Work at the auction.C.Sell refreshments.D.Collect tickets.A.He thinks it“s mainly for children.B.He feels it would be worthwhile.C.He believes it is too complicated.D.He thinks it may not be very profitable.四、Section B(总题数：2，分
7、数：73.50)Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：31.50）A.Communication actually takes place when the message is received.B.There are more means of receiving than of sending communications.C.Reception of communication involves use of the senses.D.It is hard to organize by t
8、yping the means of sending communication.A.Clapping hands.B.Gesture and imitation.C.Handshaking.D.Smell and taste.A.They don“t need conventional signs and symbols.B.They only require a receiver in communication.C.The distance between communicators can“t be too long.D.They are not restricted in time
9、and space.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.Worse than in the past.B.As bad as in the past.C.Not so dangerous as in the past.D.As necessary as in the past.A.The adoption of modern ideologies can stop war.B.The adoption of any ideology could prevent war.C.Th
10、e adoption of some ideologies could prevent war.D.The adoption of any ideology can“t stop war.A.Enhance the contests of force.B.Change people“s old mental habits.C.Change people“s ideologies.D.Persuade mankind to live with war.A.War is the only way to solve international disputes.B.War will be less
11、dangerous because of the improvement of weapons.C.It is impossible for people to live without war.D.War must be abolished if man wants to survive.五、Section C(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.He is a well-known comic movie star.B.He is a fa
12、mous technician of mobile technology.C.He is one of Hollywood“s renowned filmmakers.D.He is one of the best known film investors.A.Ability to combine technology and entertainment.B.Ability to make every story as long as possible.C.Ability to find famous actors or actresses for the film.D.Ability to
13、tell a story with an emotional grabbing point.A.There were crossover films and their makers.B.Many new filmmakers won awards.C.There was much sponsorship for crossover films.D.More musicians than actors attended this film festival.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分
14、数：28.40）A.Create images making people stop thinking.B.Run after many fun things in life.C.Try things that doctors think impossible.D.Freeze a big animal in a block of ice.A.Staying in a glass box for 44 days just with water.B.Throwing cheeseburgers on a plane around London.C.Having his research pape
15、r published in a journal.D.Surviving in a box without air for an hour.A.The ambition to become the greatest magician.B.The reality that he failed in a swimming race.C.The magician Houdini and his underwater challenges.D.Houdini“s refusal to teach him holding breath underwater.A.He fell in a trap mad
16、e by a hunter.B.He hurt his brain by staying underwater.C.He was drowned in an icy river.D.He was trapped underwater for 45 minutes.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.When the President and the First Lady danced in the White House.B.When an old slave was i
17、nterviewed about American Black History.C.When an old lady danced with the President and the First lady.D.when some African American children visited the White House.A.Working out for some time every day.B.Keeping one“s ideals of youth and belief.C.Keeping a good mood every day.D.Using health care p
18、roducts every day.A.He died on the very day of his 96th birthday.B.He closed his door and never went out in his nineties.C.He became a famous reporter at the age of 92.D.He worked harder as he was getting older.六、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Anger often makes us uncomf
19、ortable. It“s uncomfortable to witness and uncomfortable to feel. Witnessing your child“s anger can be especially uncomfortable. In order to 1 this feeling, parents will often encourage children to “stop crying“. The “stop crying“ parent is just doing what they were taught by their own parents. Whil
20、e telling your child to “stop crying“ is 2 child abuse in itself, your child may still need help with depression, 3 , or other issues later in life. This cycle can be stopped, however, if we learn how to create healthier anger in our kids, and in ourselves.? To understand why stuffing emotions away
21、is unhealthy, think of emotions like they are 4 wounds. When you cut your finger, your body knows to 5 blood vessels and release white blood cells. In order to let your cut finger heal, you“ve got to let the body“s natural process work. Like the body, the psyche knows what needs to happen to 6 the e
22、motional wounds. To let your mind heal, you“ve got to let yourself go through a healing process as well. If you don“t let yourself heal, whenever a similar event happens in your life, the old emotions will 7 and cause you pain. Until you learn to examine your feelings and let them go, they“ll act li
23、ke cuts that never close. When we find our anger too uncomfortable to process and let go, we set that model for our children to copy. If a child never sees his or her parent express anger, the parent teaches that child that they, too, should never express anger. Or, if a parent always expresses his/
24、her anger loudly and 8 , the child may start to think of anger as something that is always frightening. The first thing you can do to create healthier anger in your children is to practice creating healthier anger in yourself. Try mindfulness exercises to start feeling more comfortable when being an
25、gry. It“s our 9 to anger that often makes our anger worse. Once you“re better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a 10 way, you“ll be able to model a good anger style for your kids. A. accept B. addiction C. emerge D. emotional E. express F. heal G. healthy H. heartedly I. hurtfully J. insist
26、ence K. pessimistic L. physical M. relieve N. resistance O. tighten（分数：35.50）八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Shock TreatmentA. The objective of America“s Affordable Care Act of 2010commonly known as Obamacarewas to ensure that the 40m-plus Americans who lacked health insurance could get it. Less widely a
27、ppreciated, but at least as important, are the incentives and penalties the law introduced to make the country“s terribly expensive and poorly performing health services safer and more efficient. Economists are debating on how much credit Obamacare should get for a recent moderation in the growth of
28、 health costs, and for a fall in the number of patients having to be readmitted to hospital. Whatever the answer is, many companies see the disruption unleashed by the reforms as the business opportunity of a lifetime. B. One of the biggest shifts under way is to phase out the “fee for service“ mode
29、l, in which hospitals and doctors, surgeries are reimbursed (补偿) for each test or treatment with no regard for the outcome, encouraging them to put patients through unnecessary and expensive procedures. Since Obamacare they are increasingly being paid by resultsa flat fee for each successful hip rep
30、lacement, say. There are also incentives for providers which meet cost or performance targets, and new requirements for hospitals to disclose their prices. C. Millions of people are now looking for health insurance on the new public exchanges set up under the reforms. And Obamacare has come into eff
31、ect at a time when American employers, who often provide health cover for their workers, are seeking to cut its cost by encouraging them to shop around on private exchanges, and by offering less generous plans. D. The result is that there are growing numbers of consumers seeking better treatment for
32、 less money. Existing health-care providers will have to adapt, or lose business. All sorts of other businesses, old and new, are seeking either to take market share from the conventional providers, or to provide the software and other tools that help hospitals, doctors, insurers and patients make t
33、he most of this new world. E. Patients are increasingly having to pay higher “ deductibles (免赔额)“ out of their own pockets, before the insurance kicks in, to keep the cost of the cover down. So for minor ailments and simple tests, it makes sense for such patients to go to one of the increasing numbe
34、rs of walk-in clinics, staffed by well-qualified nurses, on the premises of retail pharmacies such as Walgreens. The prices are clear, the care is cheap and the service is quick. Walgreens has a partnership with Theranos, a diagnostics firm, which offers customers a range of tests from a tiny drop o
35、f blood. Walmart, a giant supermarket chain with many in-store pharmacies, also intends to become one of the leading sellers of affordable health services, says Alex Hurd, its product-development chief. F. For injuries and illnesses that are more serious but not immediately life-threatening, lots of
36、 “urgent-care centers“ are being opened as an alternative to going to a hospital emergency unit. Private-equity firms are pouring money into independent chains of centers. Merchant Medicine, a consulting firm, reckons that between them, these chains now have just over 1,500 urgent-care centers, up f
37、rom about 1, 300 at the start of 2013. The market is still fragmented but a national brand could emerge from one of the largest chains, such as Concentra or MedExpress. G. Some hospital operators, seeking to cut their costs of care, and choosing to be among the disrupters rather than the disrupted,
38、are also opening urgent-care centers. Aurora Health Care, a Wisconsin-based chain of hospitals and clinics, now has more than 30 of them. H. Hospital operators are now facing a classic “innovator“s dilemma“, as described by Clay Christensen, a Harvard business professor. If they persist with their h
39、igh-cost business model even as their customers discover that cheaper alternatives are good enough, they will be in trouble. According to Strata Decision Technology, an analytics firm, many hospital groups saw what was coming and started to cut their costs well before the provisions of Obamacare sta
40、rted to bite. One of the fastest movers is Advocate Health Care, a hospital operator from Illinois, which says it now earns two-thirds of its revenues from value-based payments. I. The largest chains of for-profit hospitals, such as Tenet Healthcare, HCA and Community Health Systems, are rather prof
41、itable. They have trimmed their costs, been conservative with capital and, thanks to Obamacare raising the number of Americans with health insurance, now have more patients and fewer bad debts. However, credit-rating agencies are worried about the prospects for the not-for-profit hospitals, which ar
42、e 60% of the total. With lower margins, and less capital to make investments, they have become targets for takeover, says Jim Bonnette of the Advisory Board Company, another consulting outfit. J. As a result, further consolidation in the hospital business is likely. This could mean greater efficienc
43、y and lower costs. But if antitrust authorities are not vigilant, it may lead to a concentration of market power. If so, the benefits from the efficiencies being wrung out of the hospital system may end up in the pockets of shareholders rather than saving patients and insurers money. K. Obamacare is
44、 also encouraging the creation of all sorts of health-related advisory and intermediary companies that help care providers, insurers and patients save money. A company called Vitals approaches employees on behalf of their company“s health plan, and offers them cash rewards, and a taxi, if they agree
45、 to be treated at a cheaper provider. The sums to be saved can be astonishing: a new cost-comparison tool created by Blue Cross Blue Shield, a big alliance of private health insurers, has found that a colonoscopy (结肠镜检查) with a biopsy costs $ 8,489 at one clinic in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, but j
46、ust $ 928 at another provider in Greensboro, only 50 miles (80km) or so away. L. Cohealo offers a “sharing economy“ solution for hospitals and clinics wanting to make the best use of expensive equipment, in much the same way as Airbnb helps people with spare rooms fill them with paying guests. Doxim
47、ity is trying to be a Facebook for doctors, letting them refer patients and discuss treatments securely without the blizzard of faxes they rely on today. Grand Rounds is a sort of medical Match, com: an online matchmaker that pairs patients with specialists. As in other industries, administrators ar
48、e being tempted to switch to renting software and data storage in the online “cloud“: Athenahealth, a seller of medical back-office software, is trying to get doctors and hospitals to move patients, health records onto its cloud-based service. Preliminary diagnosis M. For supporters of Obamacare, it
49、 is clear that the reforms are empowering patients, driving public and private health insurers to achieve better value, forcing existing providers to shape up and providing opportunities for disruptive newcomers. Digital technology is also helping to increase transparency about prices, making it easier to share information and increase efficiency. For some analysts it all adds up to a “new health economy“as PwC, a consulting firm, puts itthe most significant reengineering of the American health
