1、大学六级-825 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.北京地区采取措施限制私家车的通行2这些措施的影响3我的看法Limiting the Use of Private Cars（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Rich Man, Poor ManGluers and sawyers from the furniture factories in Galax near the mountains of Virginia lost their jobs
2、last year when American retailers decided they could find a better supplier in China. At the other end of the furniture industry Robert Nardelli lost his job this month when Home Depot decided it could find a better chief executive in his deputy. But any likeness ends there. Mr. Nardellis exit was a
3、s extravagantly rewarded as his occupation of the corner office had been. Next to his $ 210 million severance pay, the redundant woodworkers packages were mean to the point of provocation (激怒).Thats the way it goes all over the rich world. If you look back 20 years, the total pay of the typical top
4、American manager has increased from roughly 40 times the average-the level for four decades - to 110 times the average now. These are the glory days of global capitalism. The mix of technology and economic integration transforming the world has created unparalleled prosperity. In the past five years
5、 the world has seen faster growth than at any time since the early 1970s. Having joined the global labor force, hundreds of millions of people in developing countries have won the chance to escape squalor (肮脏) and poverty. Hundreds of millions more stand to join them.That promises to improve the lot
6、 of humanity as a whole incalculably. But in the rich world labors share of GDP has fallen to historic lows, while profits are soaring. A clamor is abroad that Mr. Nardelli and his friends among the top hundredth - or even the top thousandth - of the population are seizing the lions share of globali
7、zations gains. Meanwhile everyone else - not just blue-collar factory workers but also the wider office - working middle class - shuffles along, grimly waiting for the next round of cost-cuts.Fear and clothingSigns of a backlash abound. Stephen Roach, the chief economist at Morgan Stanley, has count
8、ed 27 pieces of anti-China legislation in Congress since early 2005. The German Marshall Fund found last year that, although most people still say they favor free trade, more than half of Americans want to protect domestic companies from foreign competition even if that slows economic growth. In a h
9、int of labors possible resurgence, the House of Representatives has just voted to raise the federal minimum wage for the first time in a decade. Even Japan is alarmed about inequality, stagnant (不景气的) wages and jobs going to China. Europe has tied itself in knots trying to “manage“ trade in Chinese
10、textiles.Should you blame your computer?The panic comes in part from a rush to lump all the blame on globalization. Technology - an even less resistible force - is also destroying white- and blue-collar tasks in a puff of automation and may play a bigger role in explaining rising wage inequality. Th
11、e distinctions between technology and globalization count, if only because people tend to welcome computers but condemn foreigners (whether as competitors or immigrants). That makes technology easier to defend.For economists, the debate about whether technology or globalization is responsible for ca
12、pitals rewards outpacing those of labor is crucial, complicated and unresolved. One school, which blames globalization, argues that the rocketing profits and sluggish middling wages of the past few years are the long-lasting results of trade, as all those new developing-country workers enter the lab
13、or market. This school says that technology helps workers by increasing their productivity and benefits them in other aspects. The opposing school retorts(反驳) that technology does not increase wages immediately as they blaming globalization say, and some sorts of information technology seem to boost
14、 the returns to capital instead.The first rule is to avoid harming the very miracle that generates so much wealth. Take for instance the arguments about high executive pay. Some say this is simply a matter of governance - and forcing company boards to work better. If only it were that simple. High p
15、ay is, by and large, the price needed to attract and motivate gifted managers, as our special report argues in this issue. The abuses of companies such as Home Depot obscure how most high pay has been caused not by powerful bosses fixing their own wages, but by the changing job of the chief executiv
16、e, the growth of large companies and the competitive market for talent. Executive-pay restrictions would not put that horse back in its box, but they would harm companies.If the winners are difficult to curb without doing damage to your economy, the losers are tough to help. Doling out aid for the v
17、ictims of trade makes sense in theory; but in practice it is increasingly hard to do. When the jobs going abroad are not whole assembly lines, but bits of departments, how exactly do you pick out the person who has lost his job to globalization from the millions of people changing jobs for other rea
18、sons? And, hardhearted though it may sound, most of the gains from trade and technology alike come from the way they redeploy investment and labor to activities that create more wealth. That, like all change, can be painful; but it is what makes a country richer. A policy locking people into jobs th
19、at could be better done elsewhere is self-defeating.The limits of redistributionIf protectionism will not help the losers, what about using the tax system? Some argue that redistributing more cash from the Nardellis to the Galaxians would not just make society less unequal; it would also buy middle-
20、class support for globalization. In fact the two arguments should be kept separate.This newspaper has long argued that a mobile society is better than an equal one: disparities are tolerable if combined with meritocracy and general economic advance. For decades America has shown how dynamic economie
21、s are better than equality-driven ones at generating overall prosperity. That still leaves plenty of room to debate how progressive to make taxation, or how lavish to make public services. But a society would want compelling evidence that the social contract had been torn up before flexing the tax s
22、ystem to offset what may turn out to be only temporary fluctuations in relative incomes. And it makes little sense for free-traders to use taxes to buy off people from voting for protectionism, when doing so would in any case be against their interests.Active, not reactiveInstead, the way to ease gl
23、obalization is the same as the way to ease other sorts of economic change, including the impact of technology. The aim is to help people to move jobs as comparative advantage shifts rapidly from one activity to the next. That means less friction in labor markets and regulatory systems that help inve
24、stment. It means an education system that equips people with general skills that make them mobile. It means detaching health care and pensions from employment, so that every time you move your job, you are not risking an awful lot else besides. And for those who lose their jobs - from whatever cause
25、 - it means beefing up assistance: generous training and active policies to help them find work.None of that comes cheap - and much of it takes years to work. But an economy that gains from globalization can more easily find the money to pay for it all. The business people and politicians gathering
26、on their Swiss Alp next week should certainly spend more time worrying about the citizens of Galax; but they also need to be far more courageous about defending a process that can do so much good even if its impact can sometimes appear so cruel.（分数：70.00）(1).Compared with Mr. Nardellis severance pay
27、, the woodworkers _.（分数：7.00）A.seemed to be redundantB.irritated themC.satisfied themD.was close to Mr. Nardellis(2).What has brought about unbelievable advancement of the global economy in the latest 20 years?（分数：7.00）A.Top American manager.B.Global capitalism.C.Technology and economic integration.
28、D.The global labor force.(3).The view that the minorities like Mr. Nardelli and his friends are seizing most of globalizations gains could be _.（分数：7.00）A.negativeB.popularC.radicalD.doubtful(4).What the German Marshall Fund found last year implies that _.（分数：7.00）A.most Americans tend to free trade
29、B.free trade could slow down economic growthC.foreign competition could harm domestic economy beyond doubtD.most Americans dont want an economic growth at the cost of domestic companies(5).Which is the element responsible for rising wage inequality?（分数：7.00）A.Technology as a more irresistible force.
30、B.Technology and globalization.C.Technology and automation.D.Social class in white and blue-collars.(6).The school which blames globalization thinks _.（分数：7.00）A.trade influences middling wages positivelyB.the labor market becomes more denseC.technology decreases workers wages at onceD.the reason of
31、 capitals rewards outpacing those of labor is uncertain(7).According to the first rule, high executive pay is _.（分数：7.00）A.nothing but a problem concerning governanceB.due to the abuses of powerC.unrelated with bosses decisionsD.provided for managers so that it would harm companies(8).A country will
32、 become richer if it, though painful, fulfils _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Taking interests into account, it is illogical that free-traders give bribes to protectionist via _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The fact that comparative advantage of an activity displaces that of the other one could moderate the conflict
33、of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.The woman should invite all her classmates.B.The woman should hold two parties.C.The woman should call off her birthday party.D.The wom
34、an should be angry with her classmates.A.He doesnt like Marias dress.B.He doesnt know the size of the dress.C.He doesnt know whether Maria likes the color of the dress.D.He saw Maria this morning.A.The man has no place to live next semester.B.The man is always late for class.C.The woman doesnt think
35、 the dorm at campus is good.D.The woman thinks the rent of the dorm at campus is acceptable.A.Get a bottle of milk for the woman.B.Read the articles on the magazines for the woman.C.Go and buy some new magazines for the woman.D.Stand there and accompany the woman for a while.A.He will not stay in Ho
36、liday Inn.B.He wants to make some changes to his reservation.C.He will stay there for over 3 days.D.He wants to order a single room for his wife.A.She doesnt know where the Peoples Theater is.B.She doesnt think the show will start at seven.C.She has homework to do before she goes to the show.D.She p
37、romises to meet the man at the gate.A.Check the fridges warranty.B.Go and buy a new fridge.C.Go and fetch a fridge repairman.D.Ask Jim to repair his fridge.A.The woman needs to pay him one hundred dollars for his job.B.The woman has to pay a one-hundred-dollar fine for speeding.C.The woman has to be
38、 fined because of speeding and drunk driving.D.The woman is a fool.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.On Saturday by the lake.B.On Saturday by the river.C.On Sunday by the lake.D.On Sunday by the sea.A.Three packages.B.Five packages.C.Seven packages.D.Ni
39、ne packages.A.She is good at making strawberry pies.B.She was the organizer of last picnic.C.She is very busy with her study.D.She was Daves girlfriend.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Because he will have a month-long business trip in a strange city.B
40、.Because he needs a car to go to work but he cant afford to buy one.C.Because he wants to make his girlfriend happy during his stay.D.Because he wants to pass the driving test and needs practice.A.$450.B.$500.C.$950.D.$1,000.A.In San Francisco.B.In New York.C.Its not mentioned.D.Right where they are
41、 talking.A.Fill some forms.B.Have a test drive in the Porsche.C.Have lunch with the woman.D.Try his luck in another car rental company.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.The rapid development of laptops.B.The benefits of
42、having a laptop.C.Right position before a laptop.D.How to keep a laptop run efficiently.A.College students, business travelers and professors.B.College students, video-gamers and office workers.C.Business travelers, telecommuters and professors.D.Telecommuters, video-gamers and office workers.A.Buy
43、a high-quality laptop.B.Have a regular timetable.C.Separate the keyboard and the screen.D.Substitute the screen with a radiation-proof one.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Because they intend to have a romance in foreign countries.B.Because they
44、desire to gain international experience.C.Because they hope to get a chance of touring.D.Because they thought of earning more money abroad.A.Social sciences, business and management, and humanities.B.Social sciences, humanities, and architecture.C.Business and management, humanities, and architectur
45、e.D.Business and management, social sciences, and humanities.A.She is a twenty-year-old college student at N. Y. U.B.She is a sophomore and majors in business.C.She has applied to study in Italy for the spring semester.D.She will pay only 18,000 dollars for overseas classes.Passage ThreeQuestions 32
46、 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.More than 20 million.B.More than 1 billion.C.More than 80 million.D.More than 3 billion.A.Men will send chocolate to women.B.Women will send chocolate to men.C.Men will send flowers to women.D.Women will send flowers to men.A.It is on M
47、arch 14th.B.Koreans will all eat noodles on that day.C.It is a festival for men who get nothing on Valentines Day.D.Koreans will pray for good luck and longevity on that day.A.Because they awarded those criminals for behaving themselves in prison.B.Because they thought criminals also had the right t
48、o enjoy this festival.C.Because they expected criminals to feel some warmth from the society.D.Because they wanted to remind those criminals of their warrants.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)New Years Day is the last bank holiday of the festive season. It means most people have to go to work the next day
49、: (36) and fresh and ready for the new year (37) .New Year in the UK usually starts with a (38) on New Years Eve (31st December). Some people spend the evening at home with their family, or have a party for friends at their house. Others go to a (39) to celebrate, or spend the evening in a large (40) space, for example, Trafalgar Square in London.The beginning of the
