1、大学六级-634 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.现在大学校园普遍存在浪费现象2为什么要提倡节约3你的看法Conservation in collage Campuses_（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The New Science of SiblingsFor a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes usor what, at least, shap
2、es us most. And over the years, theyve had a lot of eureka moments (突发灵感的时刻). First it was our parents, particularly our mothers. Then it was our genes. Next it was our peers, who show up last but hold great sway. And all those ideas were good onesbut only as far as they went. Somewhere, there was a
3、 sort of temperamental(捉摸不定的)dark matter exerting an invisible gravitational pull of its own. More and more, scientists are concluding that this unexplained force is our siblings.From the time they are born, our brothers and sisters are our scolds, protectors, tormentors, playmates, counselors, sour
4、ces of envy, objects of pride. Our spouses arrive comparatively late in our lives; our parents eventually leave us. Our siblings may be the only people well ever know who truly qualify as partners for life. Siblings are with us for the whole journey.At research centers in the U. S. , Canada, Europe
5、and elsewhere, scientists are gaining intriguing insights into the people we become as adults. Does the student struggling with a professor who plays favorites summon up the coping skills acquired from dealing with a sister who was Daddys girl? Do husbands and wives benefit from the inter-gender neg
6、otiations they waged when their most important partners were their sisters and brothers? Today serious work is revealing exactly how our brothers and sisters influence us.Why childhood fights between siblings can be goodBy the time children are 11, they devote about 33% of their free time to their s
7、iblingsmore time than they spend with friends, parents, teachers or even by themselves. Adolescents, who have usually begun going their own way, devote at least 10 hours a week to activities with their siblings. Siblings are like the nurses on the warD. All that proximity breeds an awful lot of inti
8、macyand an awful lot of friction.Laurie Kramer, professor of applied family studies at the University of Illinois has found that, on average, sibs between 3 and 7 years old engage in some kind of conflict 3.5 times an hour. Kids in the 2-to-4 age group top out at 6.3or more than one clash every 10 m
9、inutes, according to a Canadian study.But as much as all the fighting can set parents hair on end, theres a lot of learning going on too, specifically about how conflicts, once begun, can be settleD. Shaw and his colleagues conducted a years-long study and found that the kids who practiced the best
10、conflict-resolution skills at home carried those abilities into the classroom. “Siblings have a socializing effect on one another,“ Shaw says. “Unlike a relationship with friends, youre stuck with your sibs. You learn to negotiate things day to day.“Its that permanence, researchers believe, that mak
11、es siblings a rehearsal tool for later life. Somewhere in there is the early training for the e-mail joke that breaks an office silence or the husband who signals that a fight is over by asking his wife what she thinks they should do about that fast-approaching vacation anyway. “Sibling relationship
12、s are where you learn all this,“ says developmental psychologist Susan McHale of Penn State University. “They are relationships between equals.“How not being Moms favorite can have its advantagesParents feel a lot of guilt over the often evident if rarely admitted preference they harbor for one chil
13、d over another. If favorites exist, however, it may be not the parents fault, but evolutions.It is found that 65% of mothers and 70% of fathers exhibited a preference for one childin most cases, the older one. Whats more, the kids know whats going on. They all say, “Well, it makes sense that they wo
14、uld treat us differently, because hes older or were a boy and a girl.“ But at a deeper level, second-tier children may pay a price. “They tend to be sadder and have more self-esteem questions,“ Conger says. “They feel like theyre not as worthy, and theyre trying to figure out why.“Its no accident th
15、at employees in the workplace instinctively know which person to send into the lions den of the corner office with a risky proposal or a bit of bad news. And its no coincidence that the sense of hurt feelings and adolescent envy you get when that same colleague emerges with the proposal approved and
16、 the bosss applause seems so familiar. But what you summon up with the feelings you first had long ago is the knowledge you gained then toothat the smartest strategy is not to compete for approval but to strike a partnership with the favorite and spin the situation to benefit yourself as well.Why yo
17、ur sibling isor isntyour best role modelIts no secret that brothers and sisters emulate one another or that the learning flows both up and down the age ladder. Younger siblings mimic the skills and strengths of older ones. Older sibs are prodded(刺激，督促) to attempt something new because they dont want
18、 to be shown up by a younger one who has already tried it. More complexand in many ways more importantare those situations in which siblings dont mirror one another but differentiate themselvesa phenomenon psychologists call de-identification.De-identification has an important function: pushing some
19、 sibs away from risky behavior. Siblings pass on dangerous habits to one another in a depressingly predictable way. But some kids break the moldand for surprising reasons. Joseph Rodgers, a psychologist, found that while older brothers and sisters often do introduce younger ones to the habit, the cl
20、oser they are in age, the more likely the younger one is to resist. Apparently, their proximity in years has already made them too similar.How a sibling of the opposite sex can affect whom you marryFar subtler and often far sweeter than the risk-taking modeling that occurs among all sibs is the gend
21、er modeling that plays out between opposite-sex ones. Brothers and sisters can be fierce de-identifiers. In a study of adolescent boys and girls, the boys unsurprisingly scored higher in such traits as independence and competitiveness while girls did better in characteristics like sensitivity and he
22、lpfulness. What was less expected is that when kids grow up with an opposite-sex sibling, such exposure doesnt temper (使变淡) gender-linked traits but stress them. Both boys and girls are closer still to gender stereotype and even seek friends who conform to those norms.The guys who had older sisters
23、had more involving interactions and were liked significantly more by their new female acquaintances. Women with older brothers were more likely to strike up a conversation with the male stranger and to smile at him more than he smiled at her.How those early bonds can grow stronger with ageOne of the
24、 greatest gifts of the sibling tie is that while warmth grows over time, the conflicts often become less and less. Indeed, siblings who battled a lot as kids may become closer as adultsand more emotionally skilled too, often clearly recalling what their long-ago fights were about and the lessons the
25、y took from them.Such powerful connections become even more important as the inevitable illnesses or widowhood of late life leads us to lean on the people weve known the longest. Even siblings who drift apart in their middle years tend to drift back together as they age. “The relationship is especia
26、lly strong between sisters, who are more likely to be predeceased(比先死) by their spouses than brothers are, says Judy Dunn, a developmental psycholo- gist. “When asked what contributes to the importance of the relationship now, they say its the shared early childhood experiences, which cast a long sh
27、adow for all of us.“Of course, siblings are one of natures better brainstorms, and all the new studies on how they make us who we are one of sciences. But the rest of us, outside the lab, see it in a more primal way. In a world thats too big, too scary and too often too lonely, we come to realize th
28、at theres nothing like having a band of brothers and sistersto venture out with you.（分数：70.00）(1).The whole passage mainly talks about the influences siblings have on the qualities of each other.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).According to the passage, all the factors including our blood relationship, genes and
29、 peers decide what shapes US.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).Children who are good at dealing with the frictions with their brothers/sisters will resolve the conflict with their classmates well.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).According to researchers, the long-time connection between siblings plays a training role for thei
30、r future life.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).Most parents admit having a strong preference over the older child because they tend to be sadder.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Younger siblings emulate the skills and strengths of older ones because they think they are more knowledgeable than themselves.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).I
31、f the ages of the siblings are closer, the younger ones intend to resist the habits introduced by the older ones.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).Seriously de-identified as brothers and sisters, there is often a subtler and sweeter _ between opposite-sex ones.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).With time going on, the warmth be
32、tween sibs keeps increasing and the frictions _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).It is _ that makes the connection between sibs important and strong.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)A.He is going to visit his dead uncle and sister-in-law.B.He is going to start tradi
33、ng company for his sister-in-law.C.He is going to look for opportunities for his trading company.D.He is going to inherit trading company from his sister-in-law.A.To buy some tools needed to repair the calculator.B.To ask the repair store to repair the calculator.C.To hit the display until it mobili
34、zed.D.To figure out what is wrong with the calculator.A.The man hasnt succeeded in painting any pictures yet.B.The man has come to a new understanding of painting pictures.C.The woman is good at painting pictures.D.The woman has refused the mans application to paint pictures.A.The woman is eager to
35、enter politics.B.The man has worked for the government.C.People will become old after entering politics.D.Female politicians are rarA.Being forgotten.B.Being identical to other people.C.Being insignificant.D.Running certain risks.A.Her employees get low scores on the test of EQ.B.Her employees cant
36、take the advantage of high IQ.C.Her employees are too smart according to the test.D.Her employees are concerned with emotional problems.A.The man is expecting to visit Disneyland.B.The woman is fond of visiting Disneyland.C.Disneyland hasnt provided enough signs everywhere.D.Disneyland will have sub
37、way and buildings.A.Work in this area is easy and relaxing.B.There are too many criminals and the work is challenging.C.The job is challenging and the pay is high.D.It is easy for him to find job after graduation.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）A.An ai
38、r crash to Los Angeles.B.A book written by a doctor.C.A disease on the comeback and its reasonsD.Mans effort to prevent diseasA.Buenos Airs.B.New York.C.San Francisco.D.New Orleans.A.Breakdown of public health.B.International travel and commerce.C.Mans eating habits.D.Processing methods of fooQuesti
39、ons 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Drug addiction.B.A headache.C.Pain-killers.D.The womans suggestion.A.From a drug dealer.B.Without the doctors prescription.C.Legally from the doctor.D.From the woman.A.Pain-relievers have little harm.B.Pain-relievers can be a
40、ddictive.C.Heroin and morphine are addictive.D.Not all people who try to get pain-relievers have an achA.He thinks that its helpful.B.He is scared and thinks that its terrible.C.He thinks that its reasonable to stop taking pain-killers.D.He will take notice to the doctor because the doctor is a drug
41、 dealer.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）A.It can be used to fight pains.B.It can be used to reduce high body temperature.C.It can be used to help blood pass through blockage.D.It can be used to stop heart attacks or str
42、okes.A.It has shown that aspirin can improve survival in colon cancer patients.B.It has shown that colon cancer had not spread to other parts of the body.C.It has shown that aspirin users increased thirty percent risks from their cancer.D.It has shown that aspirin had been discovered for eleven year
43、s.A.A controlled study.B.A trial study.C.An observational study.D.A successful study.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）A.Books and resources.B.Books and periodicals.C.Audio and video material.D.Audio and periodicals.A.They can be borrowed for three
44、 weeks by full-time students.B.They contain current abstracts and indexed journals, general English.C.They can be taken out of the library under any circumstance.D.They can provide full selection of supplementary material.A.Photocopy service.B.Enlarger.C.Computer service.D.Typewriter.Passage ThreeQu
45、estions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）A.She succeeded in investing.B.She was knowledgeable for arts.C.She succeeded in paintings.D.She disliked books and arts.A.He exhibited his painting at Universal Exhibition.B.He was criticized for being Communist Party.C.He was
46、 considered to represent the revolutionary workers.D.He had created his own exhibition instead of Universal Exhibition.A.Because she neednt care the house.B.Because she neednt to earn money.C.Because she wanted to get funny from art.D.Because she regarded art as her career.A.The Louvre museum.B.The
47、Paris Salon.C.The French Academy of FineD.The Universal Exhibition六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Respect begins within the individual. The original state of respect is (36) on awareness of the self as a unique being. The elevated (37) of knowing “who I am arises from a real place of pure worth. With suc
48、h insight, there is faith in the self and wholeness and completeness within. With self-realization, one experiences true self-respect.(38) takes place when the awareness of ones original nature and the original of the other is lacking. As a result, external (39) influences rule supreme over respect. To be stabilized in the elevated
