1、大学六级-312 及答案解析(总分：703.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.得知好友 John 未通过托福考试，他情绪低落 2帮他分析可能存在的问题，提出合理建议 3鼓励他战胜失败 B A Letter of Consolation/B（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)B Characteristics of a Good Speaker/BIn speaking, as in most human activities, success depends upon a comb
2、ination of factors. A good speaker, according to most authorities both ancient and modern, must have integrity, knowledge, self-confidence, and skill.BIntegrity/BSome nineteen hundred years ago the Roman teacher Quintilian insisted that a good speaker must first of all be a good man. Listeners, Quin
3、tilian maintained, cannot separate what is said from the person who says it: they are influenced by their impression of the speaker as well as by the arguments he presents.If a person is habitually unreliable, speech training may give him skills, but it cannot make him effective. His actions will co
4、ntradict his words: he cannot convincingly urge honesty in government if he himself cheats in school or business; his appeal for an open mind in others will go unheeded if he himself is bigoted (偏执的). Even a speakers choice of words and arguments betrays his character, for he may habitually appear t
5、o dodge issues rather than face them or to say what is popular rather than say what is true or just. A speaker of poor character may succeed for a time, but in the long run he will be found out and his appeals will be discounted.BKnowledge/BAcquiring the knowledge necessary to become a good speaker
6、is a lifelong and cumulative (累积的) task. Through thoughtful reading, listening, and observing, you can gain increased intellectual depth and maturity. While the first speeches you deliver may be on relatively simple subjects and may be based in part on personal experiences, they should present worth
7、while ideas and considered convictions. Soon you will want to reach out beyond immediate and familiar topics-to learn and to speak about subjects in new fields. The more you learn about many subjects, the more effective your speaking will become. Moreover, what you say on any particular topic will r
8、eflect the knowledge and understanding of the educated person.BConfidence/BA self-confident speaker has an erect but comfortable posture; natural, easy gestures; direct eye contact with his audience; and earnestness and energy in his voice. Moreover, he adapts his information and arguments to the at
9、titudes of his listeners.Many factors help determine the amount of nervousness a speaker may feel-including the amount of sleep he had the night before his speech, But the experience of many generations of speakers has shown that, in addition to preparing carefully, you can do much to increase your
10、poise and self-control by following three simple rules:1. Speak as often as you can. The first time a person drives a car or flies an airplane alone, he is likely to be tense and unsure of himself, but with each additional experience his confidence grows. In the same way, each successful speech you
11、make will strengthen your self-assurance. Welcome every opportunity to speak, both in your classes and to groups in the community. Select subjects that you know a good deal about and that you are deeply interested in. Prepare your talks carefully. You will find that after a time speaking becomes a p
12、leasant rather than a painful experience.2. Remember that some nervous tension is both natural and good for you. Even in the deepest sleep our muscles are never completely relaxed. When we are awake our “muscle tension“ is higher, and it increases still more when the mind or body is called upon for
13、some unusual exertion (努力). Naturally, then, when you stand up to talk to a group of people, the tension of your muscles will rise. But this only means that you are more alert and alive. Much of the sparkle that we admire in good speakers comes from this physical verve and energy. If you are keyed u
14、p before you begin to speak, regard this as a good sign; it means that there is small chance of your making a dull or listless speech.3. Never allow yourself to give up. Each time you meet a situation and master it, the more confident you will become; each time you acknowledge yourself beaten or eva
15、de an issue, the less confident you will be the next time. Avoid setting yourself too difficult a task in your first speeches-that is, avoid subjects that are detailed or complex-but once you have begun to work on a topic, go through with the job. Confidence, like muscles, develops by overcoming res
16、istance.BSkill/BFluency, poise control of voice, and coordinated movements of the body mark the skillful speaker. Combined with the qualities of integrity, knowledge, and self-confidence, such skills heighten the speakers effectiveness by enabling him to communicate his ideas clearly and attractivel
17、y.Skill in speaking is gained principally through practice. In practicing, however, take care not to develop artificiality. Good speaking is distinct and lively; it is forceful, but it is also natural and conversational; it commands attention because of the speakers earnest desire to communicate. No
18、te how speech becomes ineffective when these principles are violated. Doubtless you will recognize some of the following types of speakers:The Elocutionist-one who talks for display rather than communication. He permits himself to be carried away by the sound of his voice and the graceful manipulati
19、on of his body, and forgets that his purpose is not to display his own speaking skills, but to get other people to understand or believe.The Verbal Gymnast-one who makes a parade of language. He never uses a familiar word if he can find an esoteric (难解的)one; he delights in complex sentences and mout
20、h-filling phrases. Disraeli once described the verbal gymnast as a man “intoxicated with the exuberance (精力旺盛)of his own verbosity (啰嗦).“The Gibberer-one who emits a continuous stream of words with little or no thought behind them. He jumps from one point to another until his listeners are thoroughl
21、y confused. He usually concludes his speech with the abrupt remark, “Well, I guess thats all I have to say on the subject.“The Hermit-one who mumbles to himself. He may have a wealth of ideas, well-organized and developed, but he looks at the ceiling or floor, talks in a weak, monotonous voice, and
22、makes no effort to be heard or understood.The Culprit-one who seems ashamed of what he is saying. He shrinks from his hearers both in voice and manner. Sometimes he apologizes verbally; always he seems self-conscious and tentative. He is never forthright in his statements, and thus gives the impress
23、ion that he does not believe them himself.How can you develop the natural, energetic, conversational delivery which the Elocutionist and his fellow “orators“ lack? For the present it will help you speak in a lively, conversational way if you always: have something you want to say; want someone else
24、to understand or believe it and say it as simply and directly as you can.（分数：70.00）(1).According to Quintilian, which is the most important factor for a good speaker?（分数：7.00）A.To be impressive.B.To be arguable.C.To be a kind person.D.To be a teacher.(2).Which of the following is true of a speaker o
25、f poor character?（分数：7.00）A.Speech training may make him effective.B.His actions will reflect what he says.C.He will fail at any time and place.D.He may avoid topics or wont tell the truth.(3).One educated persons knowledge and understanding may be known through _.（分数：7.00）A.his thoughtful observing
26、B.his view on particular topicsC.his lifelong personal experiencesD.his idea on familiar topics(4).According to the passage, a speaker with self-confidence will _.（分数：7.00）A.stand as a soldierB.have more body languagesC.speak in a slow and tender voiceD.make self-changes to his audience(5).A person
27、with little sleep the night before his speech may show that _.（分数：7.00）A.he has no speaking experienceB.he didnt prepare the speech carefullyC.he was quite nervous about the speechD.he got no suggestions from other speakers(6).Speaking will turn into a pleasant experience after you _.（分数：7.00）A.grad
28、uate from schoolB.fly an airplane alone for the first timeC.join in some groups in the communityD.get more speaking experiences(7).Some nervous tension is good for you to _.（分数：7.00）A.have a deeper sleep before the speechB.think quickly and keep activeC.make muscles completely relaxedD.make a dull o
29、r listless speech(8).Good speaking can control listeners attention through the speakers _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).The verbal gymnast likes using complex sentences and mouth-filling phrases just as making a _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).A speaker who doesnt try to make he himself heard or understood may be labe
30、led as _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.She will turn on the air-conditioning soon.B.She is afraid of infecting the man with flu.C.The room is not as hot as the man claims.D.The man could open the wind
31、ows but not the air-conditioning.A.The man doesnt have the professional expertise required.B.Someone else has already got that job.C.She had received the mans application earlier.D.She doesnt think others were impressed by the man.A.She lost a lot of weight in two years.B.She stopped exercising one
32、year ago.C.She had a special way of staying healthy.D.She was not a persistent woman before.A.Water the flowers only once a week.B.Put the flowers in the corner.C.Move the flowers to the front of the window.D.Move the flowers to the garden.A.Discussing about their Accountant-general.B.Having an inte
33、rview.C.Going through a trial in a court.D.Carrying out a program.A.The department the woman will work for is not very good.B.The woman will have to patrol on the streets over a year.C.Something bad happen to the woman.D.The woman will have to fight against the criminals.A.She will have her blouse c
34、leaned by the man.B.She is very angry with the man.C.She will have a bottle of orange juice.D.She doesnt blame the man for his carelessness.A.Three quarters of an hour.B.A quarter of an hour.C.Ten minutes.D.Half an hour.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A
35、.New Year gifts.B.Birthday gifts.C.Christmas gifts.D.Thanksgiving gifts.A.Because she thinks it is too simple.B.Because she thinks men dont like it.C.Because she thinks it is too personal.D.Because she thinks it shows no gratitude.A.A tie.B.A pet frog.C.A leather bag.D.A pipe.Questions 22 to 25 are
36、based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.House-buyer and house-seller.B.House-buyer and realtor.C.Husband and wife.D.Friends.A.Because he likes do things by himself.B.Because he doesnt trust them.C.Because he has little time to contact with them.D.Because he will pay extra money to
37、them.A.His realtor.B.His inspector.C.His friends.D.The woman.A.Because he wants to know some news.B.Because he wants to see the house ads.C.Because he wants to find a job.D.Because he wants to please his wife.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you h
38、ave just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.Study overseas.B.Distance education.C.Learning languages.D.Education programs.A.You can learn a new culture.B.You can study according to your schedule.C.You can get human interaction of meeting people.D.You can have courses of higher standard.A.Mary who has little free t
39、ime and not much money.B.Tina who is free, wealthy and independent.C.John who prefers practicing English with people in person.D.Michael who intends to have a tour while learning languages.BPassage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.Because Georgia plann
40、ed to cut off the highways to them.B.Because Georgia caused a big fire which affected them.C.Because Georgia tried to block the Chattahoochee River.D.Because Georgia had cut off the food supply to them.A.It has tried to seed the clouds overhead.B.It has made Cherokee Indians do a rain dance.C.It has
41、 sent out several water finders.D.It has transported water from other states.A.Because the governor believes in the existence of God.B.Because the governor held prayer sessions on state property.C.Because the governor failed to do his duty.D.Because the governor looked down upon them.BPassage ThreeQ
42、uestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：28.00）A.Her only child, Wilbur.B.Her soil and grandchildren.C.Her pet dog, Duchess.D.Her grandchildren.A.He was surprised and hired a lawyer to fight the will.B.He was indifferent about it and just let it be.C.He was glad and thoug
43、ht his mother was generous.D.He was calm and decided to get his inheritance through law.A.Leona hadnt spoken to Wilbur in five years.B.Leona thought Wilbur belittled her.C.Wilbur hadnt phoned or written to Leona in five years.D.Wilbur harmed Leonas pet, Duchess.A.Because he was too old to do his dut
44、ies.B.Because he asked for retirement.C.Because she mistook his words.D.Because she doubted his honesty.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)In America and many other countries, one special kind of box contains the future. Its called a ballot box. What people put into the box on Election Day can change the
45、 course of history.Elections are the U(36) /U of a democracy. The word democracy U(37) /U means “the people rule“, an important U(38) /U in Americas history. In America, elections are held every two years for members of Congress. In these elections, all seats in the House of Representatives and one-
46、third of the Senate seats are up for grabs. Every four years, voters go to the polls to U(39) /U the nations president and vice-president. Voters also regularly vote for state and city government leaders and local school board members.In the American electoral system, people dont really vote for pre
47、sidential candidates. Instead, voters U(40) /U their ballots for “electors“ who support each candidate. Each state has as many electors as the U(41) /U number of its representatives in Congress. This U(42) /U two senators per state plus the number of its representatives in the House. The candidate w
48、ho has the most votes in a state wins all of the states electors. To win the presidential election, a candidate must U(43) /U at least 270 of the 538 total electoral votes.U (44) /U. Some early reforms outlawed cheating, giving bribes and threatening voters. U(45) /U. In 1870, black people gained the right to vote, and in 1920, that right was extended to women. In recent decades, laws against unfair rules for voting have been passed. U(46) /U.（分数：77.00）(1).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_
