1、大学六级-178 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “God helps those who help themselves.“ You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no mor
2、e than 200 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.There will be two more people than expected.B.There will be much food left because of a couple“s absence.C.The number of guests coming to dinner won“t change.D.The host will be at a loss for unex
3、pected visitors.A.It was misleading.B.It was enjoyable.C.It was rather boring.D.It was just so-so.A.Pop music.B.Classical music.C.Folk music.D.All kinds of music.A.He rejected their request.B.He accepted their request.C.He agreed to consider their request.D.He asked them to come with the others.A.As
4、k to see the man“s ID card.B.Have a conference with the man.C.Get the briefcase for the man.D.Show the man her documents.（分数：21.30）A.He wanted the kitchen clean.B.He wanted to see Cathy and George.C.He don“t want to go movies.D.He must leave in 30 minutes.A.The woman doesn“t think it was the man“s f
5、ault.B.The woman thinks that everything was all right.C.The woman thanks the man for his efforts.D.The woman blames the man for his absence.A.Consult the science teacher.B.Improve the teaching skills.C.Stop teaching Paul after class.D.Take it easy and let it be.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the con
6、versation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Studying with a partner.B.Preparing snacks.C.Playing cards.D.Learning how to design bridges.A.Watch her partner.B.Play her cards in cooperation with her partner.C.Quit the game.D.Teach the man how to play bridge.A.Miss her card game.B.Stay up too late.C.Tak
7、e too heavy a workload next semester.D.Neglect her studies to play bridge.A.He already knows how to play.B.He doesn“t like to play games.C.He doesn“t have a partner.D.He doesn“t have enough free time.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Go to sununer scho
8、ol.B.Take a vacation.C.Stay at home.D.Earn some money.A.They hired someone to stay in their home.B.They left their pets with their neighbors.C.They rented their house to a student.D.They asked their gardener to watch their home.A.They attend a house-sitter“s party.B.They check a house-sitter“s refer
9、ences.C.They interview a house-sitter“s friends.D.They look at a house-sitter“s transcripts.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Because they can“t afford to.B.Because they think small houses are more comf
10、ortable to live in.C.Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.D.Because they prefer apartments.A.Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B.Because many old houses in the poor area of the town are not inhabited.C.Because many older people sell their houses afte
11、r their children leave.D.Because many people have quit their old houses to build new ones.A.They have to do their own maintenance.B.They have to furnish their own houses.C.They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D.They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furnitur
12、e.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Less than 30 minutes.B.From 30 to 45 minutes.C.At least 45 minutes.D.More than 45 minutes.A.He should show respect for the interviewer.B.He should show confidence in himself.C.He should talk e
13、nthusiastically.D.He should be dressed properly.A.Speaking confidently but not aggressively.B.Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.C.Talking a lot about the job.D.Speaking politely and emotionally.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14、（分数：28.40）A.Because both have a limited supply of air, water, and other resources.B.Because the Earth moves around the sun as fast as a spaceship.C.Because we can travel to outer space.D.Because the Earth never stops moving.A.About 80 miles per second.B.About 70 miles per second.C.About 18 miles per
15、 second.D.About 17 miles per second.A.Because the Earth is heavily polluted.B.Because nature cannot recycle its resources.C.Because more and more people live on the Earth.D.Because no more new resources can be added.A.Nature has changed our environment over the years.B.We must avoid wasting resource
16、s and polluting our environment.C.Our resources are nearly used up.D.Trips to other planets will help eliminate pollution.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Internet and Internet users can be targets for hackers. Hackers are people who use their computers to gain 1 access to information on other people“
17、s computers, via the Internet. But there are ways to defeat the hackers. Until recently the opportunities for 2 activities on the Internet have been low. However, the volume of business done on the Internet is growing 3 , as people order books and other products and make money transactions. All this
18、 is creating 4 for hackers. Hackers are often young people who 5 computers. They use them to prowl (潜行以图谋不轨) the Internet, looking for ways to 6 computer systems run by banks, telephone companies and even government departments. They look for examples of credit cards and try to steal the numbers. Re
19、cently in America, hackers have been caught testing the security system at the Pentagon, 7 of the American Defense Department. “The use of credit cards to buy things on the Internet 8 the issue of Internet security into one of general security,“ says Michael White, multi-media product manager for Cl
20、ear Communications. “You“ve got to know your vendor, you just don“t give your credit card out to anybody,“ he says. “And in the same way that you should regularly change your credit card access number, you can defeat hackers by regularly changing your Internet password. If you don“t, it“s like leavi
21、ng the bank vault door wide open.“ When it comes to creating your password, he 9 including a few punctuation marks and numbers rather than 10 letters in the alphabet. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，
22、分数：35.50)British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more. Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University“s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several
23、 years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty. The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to 1 which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to
24、breed this 2 into crops, starting with rice. It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares of agricultural land are 3 because salt gets into the soil and stunts plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that 4 swamps and traditionally formed 5 to sea w
25、ater have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of 6 have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is 7 by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind. Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them function
26、ing 8 . Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive. To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants“ growth. They have s
27、tarted to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for 9 use. Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the 10 genes into all manners of crops and
28、 plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world. Aevaporated Bbarriers Cnormally Deconomic Eexcluded Flost Gdroughts Hperfectly Mcapacity Ncommercial Oappropriate（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)We
29、 must Train People to Break the RulesALay out the entrails, read omens and auguries, study the heavens, shake your hoary locks like an ancient seer. Signs and portents bring us messages, and we should heed them ere civilization crumbles. BOff Hope Cove, on the Devon coast, a crew of strong, experien
30、ced men has saved a girl“s life with minutes to spare, only to find itself “disciplined“ because the only boat available was classified as an “additional facility awaiting inspection“. Earlier and farther inland, see two more strong men standing helpless in their luminous Police Community Support un
31、iforms, wittering into radios because they lacked the correct certificates to try to rescue a drowning boy. CElsewhere, a coastguard resigned after saving a 13-year-old dangling from a cliff. He failed to fetch and buckle on his own safety harness, and immediately found himself in trouble from bosse
32、s droning that they “don“t want dead heroes“. DMeanwhile a thousand small habitual practicesfrom cake stalls to carpentry classesfind themselves under heavy reproof and restraint. And in a hospital ward somewhere a dying, frail old man repeatedly falls out of bed because nurses reckon that they can“
33、t put up the sides of the bed without a “risk assessment“, in case they breach his “human rights“ and “unlawfully imprison“ him. EA frantic family tries to get a telephone line reconnected to a remote Welsh hillside where a man has had a stroke, and meet only call-centre shrugs because they don“t ha
34、ve the account number off the bill; a neighbor phones the weekend “on-call“ doctor service about an ailing nonagenarian neighbor, to be told by the doctor that nothing can be done until they give the victim“s correct postcode and date of birth. FAn amateur dramatic group has to find lock-up storage
35、for two plastic toy swords; and in Huddersfield, citizens have to barricade the road before Binmen will take away rubbish bags that didn“t fit correctly into the wheelie bins, although the surplus is entirely due to the said Binmen having been on strike and omitting the last collection. GFrom distan
36、t California, thanks to Times online message boards, comes the echo of a voice from the Ancient World. Jim from El Centro responded to the Hope Cove rescue story at the weekend with a quotation from Marcus Tullius Cicero: “A bureaucrat is the most despicable of men, though he is needed as vultures a
37、re needed, but one hardly admires vultures, which bureaucrats so strangely resemble. I have yet to meet a bureaucrat who was not petty, dull, almost witless, crafty or stupid, an oppressor or a thief, a holder of little authority in which he delights, as a boy delights in possessing a vicious dog. W
38、ho can trust such creatures?“ HSomething is wrong. We read too many stories about this craven, inhuman, poltroonish cowering behind rules and routines, and about individuals who get into trouble for momentarily breaching them in the name of humanity or sense. I take issue with Cicero and Jim a littl
39、e, thoughit is too easy to rage at bureaucracy itself and join in thoughtless jeering at “suits“. Even Cicero accepts that efficient administration is necessary: it gets things done and distributed, and is a bulwark against chaos. So I think we have to choose our targets more carefully, and unpick m
40、ore precisely the evil threads that make us so uneasy and unhappy and desperate to stick to rules in defiance of common sense and kindness. II would diagnose it as insecurity, linked to a misunderstanding of the concept of “training“ (which, incidentally, links straight back to the culture of uninte
41、lligent testing in schools). Depressed, anxious people always prefer to stick to rules rather than think for themselves; at the extreme they lapse into obsessive-compulsive disorder, forever washing their hands and touching wood. Depressed, anxious institutions such as the Maritime and Coastguard Au
42、thority, National Health Service management (and quite a few call centers) display this pathology on a corporate level. You get the “training“, tick the right multiple-choice boxes and refuse to think that there might be another choice, not listed. You feel safer that way, like a troubled child dete
43、rmined not to color outside the lines. JYet this is the opposite of real training, as practised for years in real armies, navies, laboratories and institutions. Real training lays down a framework of expertise and safety not to prevent initiative, but to free it. If you really know the rules and und
44、erstand their purpose, you can judge when to make an exception and break them. KA nurse should be able to think (as some no doubt do): “Right, the patient is confused and rolling about, and might get hurt, I“ll put up the sides of the bed and keep an eye on things, and have a word with the relatives
45、 later to explain.“ LThe boat crew should feel free to think (as they did): “The big lifeboat isn“t going to be in time, we know our own boat“s safe even though it hasn“t got the certificate yet, and if we do get into trouble it“s worth a try to save a lifego for it!“ The dustmen should say: “OK, so
46、 there are bags lying beside the wheelie bins in contravention of council regulations, but that“ll be because of the strike, isn“t it? Chuck them in.“ MThe NHS or telecom call-centre staff should be alert not only to the list of correct procedures on the wall, but to the note of panic in the distant
47、 voice. NEmployees should be allowed to be people too; and a good bureaucrat should feel safe to judge which value scored highest at the critical moment. We all see examples of this gentle accommodation every day. But we also know that those who break small rules for human values run a real risk, be
48、cause of that corporate anxiety and depression. It is brought on by soulless micromanagement from the top and a culture that assumes the citizen is a moron. Keeping the balance is not always easy: but hell, human life is a tightrope and always has been. Certainly the reckless rule-breakers should be
49、 curbed or sacked; but so should the stupidly rigid bureaucrats. OCan“t leave you on that gloomy note. So rejoice: 125 miles out in the dark North Sea, in the excellent Tall Ships Race, 13 crew (mainly teenage) have just been rescued from the flooded cutter Clyde Challenger by the (mainly teenage) crew o
