1、大学六级-177 及答案解析(总分：618.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.现有大学里逃课现象很严重 2.你认为产生这种现象的原因是什么 3. 怎么才能杜绝这一现象 BPlaying Truant/B _ _ _（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)BSatellite /BToday, you see compact satellite dishes perched on rooftops all over the United States. Drive through rur
2、al areas beyond the reach of the cable companies and youll find dishes on just about every house. The major satellite television companies are bringing in more customers every day with the lure of movies, sporting events and news from around the world.BThe Broadcast TV Problem/BConceptually, satelli
3、te television is, a lot like broadcast television. Its a wireless system for delivering television programming directly to a viewers house. Both broadcast television and satellite stations transmit programming via a radio signal. Broadcast stations use a powerful antenna to transmit radio waves to t
4、he surrounding area. Viewers can pick up the signal with a much smaller antenna.The main limitation of broadcast television is range. The radio signals used to broadcast television shoot out from the broadcast antenna in a straight line. In order to receive these signals, you have to be in the direc
5、t “line of sight“ of the antenna. One problem is that the Earth is curved, so it eventually breaks the signals line of site. The other problem with broadcast television is that the signal is often distorted even in the viewing area. To get a perfectly clear signal like you find on cable, you have to
6、 be pretty close to the broadcast antenna without too many obstacles in the way.BThe Satellite TV Solution/BSatellite television solves the problems of range and distortion by transmitting broadcast signals from satellites orbiting the Earth. Since satellites are high in the sky, there are a lot mor
7、e customers in the line of site. Satellite television systems transmit and receive radio signals using specialized antennas called satellite dishes.The television satellites are all in geosynchronous orbit, meaning that they stay in one place in the sky relative to the Earth. Each satellite is launc
8、hed into space at about 7,000 mph (11,000kph), reaching approximately 22,200 miles (35,700km) above the Earth. At this speed and altitude, the satellite will revolve around the planet once every 24 hoursthe same period of time it takes the Earth to make one full rotation. In other words, the satelli
9、te keeps pace with our moving planet exactly. This way, you only have to direct the dish at the satellite once, and from then on it picks up the signal without adjustment, at least when everything works right.BThe Overall System/BEarly satellite TV viewers were explorers of sorts. They used their ex
10、pensive dishes to discover unique programming that wasnt necessarily intended for mass audiences. The dish and receiving equipment gave viewers the tools to pick up foreign stations, live feeding between different broadcast stations, NASA activities and a lot of other stuff transmitted using satelli
11、tes.Some satellite owners still seek out this sort of programming on their own, but today, most satellite TV customers get their programming through a direct broadcast satellite (DBS) provider, such as Direct TV or the Dish Network. The provider selects programs and broadcasts them to subscribers as
12、 a set package. Basically, the providers goal is to bring dozens or even hundreds of channels to your television in a form that approximates the competition, cable TV. Unlike earlier programming, the providers broadcast is completely digital, which means it has much better picture and sound quality.
13、 Early satellite television was broadcast in C-band radioradio in the 3.4-gigabertz (GHz) to 7-GHz frequency range. Digital broadcast satellite transmits programming in the Ku frequency range (12 GHz to 14 GHz ).BThe Programming/BSatellite TV providers get programming from two major sources: nationa
14、l turnaround channels (such as HBO, ESPN and CNN) and various local channels (NBC, CBS, ABC, PBS and Fox affiliates in a particular area). Most of the turnaround channels also provide programming for cable television, and the local channels typically broadcast their programming over the airwaves.Tur
15、naround channels usually have a distribution centre that beams their programming to a geostationary satellite. The broadcast centre uses large satellite dishes to pick up these analogs and digital signals from several sources.The broadcast centre converts all of this programming into a high-quality,
16、 uncompressed digital stream. At this point, the stream contains a vast quantity of dataabout 270 megabits per second (Mbps) for each channel. In order to transmit the signal from there, the broadcast centre has to compress it. Otherwise, it would be too big for the satellite to handle.BCompression,
17、 Encryption and Transmission/BThe two major providers in the United States use the MPEG-2 compressed video formatthe same format used to store movies on DVDs. With MPEG-2 compression, the provider can reduce the 270-Mbps stream to about 5 or 10 Mbps (depending on the type of programming). This is th
18、e crucial step that has made DBS service a success. With digital compression, a typical satellite can transmit about 200 channels. Without digital compression, it can transmit about 30 channels.At the broadcast centre, the high-quality digital stream of video goes through an MPEG-2 encoder, which co
19、nverts the programming to MPEG-2 video of the correct size and format for the satellite receiver in your house.After the video is compressed, the provider needs to encrypt it in order to keep people from accessing it for free. Encryption scrambles the digital data in such a way that it can only be d
20、ecrypted (converted back into usable data) if the receiver has the correct decryption algorithm and security keys.Once the signal is compressed and encrypted, the broadcast centre beams it directly to one of its satellites. The satellite picks up the signal with an onboard dish, amplifies the signal
21、 and uses another dish to beam the signal back to the Earth, where viewers can pick it up.BThe Dish and the Receiver/BA satellite dish is just a special kind of antenna designed to focus on a specific broadcast source. The standard dish consists of a parabolic (bowl-shaped) surface and a central fee
22、d horn. To transmit a signal, a controller sends it through the horn, and the dish focuses the signal into a relatively narrow beam.The end component in the entire satellite TV system is the receiver. The receiver has four essential jobs:It de-scrambles the encrypted signal. In order to unlock the s
23、ignal, the receiver needs the proper decoder chip for that programming package.It takes the digital MPEG-2 signal and converts it into an analog format that a standard television can recognize. In the United States, receivers convert the digital signal to the analog NTSC format. Some dish and receiv
24、er setups can also output an HDTV signal.It extracts the individual channels from the larger satellite signal. When you change the channel on the receiver, it sends just the signal for that channel to your TV.It keeps track of pay-per-view programs and periodically phones a computer at the providers
25、 headquarters to communicate billing information.While digital broadcast satellite service is still lacking some of the basic features of conventional cable (the ability to easily split signals between different TVs and VCRs, for example), its high-quality picture, varied programming selection and e
26、xtended service areas make it a good alternative for some. With the rise of digital cable, which also has improved picture quality and extended channel selection, the TV war is really heating up.（分数：70.00）(1).Broadcast stations use _to transmit radio waves to the surrounding area.（分数：7.00）A.a powerf
27、ul antennaB.a much smaller antennaC.satellite dishesD.cable(2).The television satellites stay in geosynchronous orbit and_.（分数：7.00）A.transmit signal in the direct “line of sight“B.compress the signalC.keep pace with the moonD.keep pace with the earth(3).In recent years, satellite television has sta
28、rted to be broadcast in the radio frequency range_.（分数：7.00）A.between 3.4 GHz and 7 GHzB.between 12 GHz and 14 GHzC.between 14 GHz and 21 GHzD.between 21 GHz and 27GHz(4).Local television channels usually use _to transmit their programming.（分数：7.00）A.satellitesB.cableC.airwavesD.wires(5).Satellite t
29、elevision providers can bring dozens or even hundreds of channels to TV viewers because_.（分数：7.00）A.satellite can send more programsB.the television signals sent to satellites are compressedC.the signals are encryptedD.the signals converted back into usable data(6)._receives satellite television sig
30、nal and decodes it for the TV screen.（分数：7.00）A.The satellite dishB.The providerC.The receiverD.The viewer(7).Satellite TV has encountered fierce competition from digital cable, which also has（分数：7.00）A.improved picture qualityB.extended channel selectionC.distorted signalD.both A and B(8).Satellite
31、 television is similar to broadcast television in the way that it is _for sending television programming directly to a viewers home.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).In the United States, the two major providers of direct broadcast satellite television are_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The satellite television signal is
32、transmitted in the digital video format of_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)（分数：56.00）A.They have bought the brown carpet.B.He doesnt like the red carpet.C.They have brown furniture.D.A red carpet matches the brown furniture.A.He likes the current temperature.B.He wishes the weather
33、 would get hotter.C.He cooked every bit of the food.D.He knows he will like the food.A.He is often asked to go and see movies.B.He would like to go and see the new movie.C.He went to see the movie last month.D.He obviously doesnt want to see the movie.A.He is counting the days of the holiday.B.He is
34、 not planning to go home.C.He is eager to go back home.D.He is going over his lessons.A.Some people pretend to know what they really dont.B.What the woman said is true.C.What the woman said is wrong.D.He knows more than the woman does.A.Introduce the man to Jane soon.B.Let the man have the book afte
35、r Jane.C.Ask Jane what she thought of the book.D.Finish writing to Jane as soon as possible.A.Call a taxi for the woman.B.Ride a horse with the woman.C.Take the woman to the bus station.D.Drive the woman to the train station.A.He is going to join in the game.B.He is going to Washington and Los Angel
36、es.C.He wants to watch the football game.D.He doesnt care if he misses the game.BIQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard./I/B（分数：21.00）A.After midnight.B.After she goes swimming.C.When she is idle.D.When there is a good program on.A.He lost his meal tickets.B.The cafete
37、ria food was awful.C.He missed his favorite TV program.D.His TV was broken.A.Because he thought he wasted much time.B.Because he doesnt understand the womans explanation.C.Because he watched only one program.D.Because he was so bored.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just hea
38、rd.（分数：28.00）A.Hip-Hop dance appeared in China in 1999.B.Hip-Hop dance is the most popular exercise in China since 1999.C.Hip-Hop dance is completely different from aerobics.D.The music Hip-Hop uses is what an aerobics class uses.A.It can help her keep slim.B.It can help her gain admiration from oth
39、ers.C.It is the most popular exercise.D.It is her favorite exercise.A.The clothes Hip-Hop and aerobics need are different.B.The music Hip-Hop and aerobics use are different.C.Hip-Hop is a lot more tiring than aerobics.D.Hip-Hop is more popular than aerobics.A.To drink more water.B.To stretch himself
40、 before learning.C.To keep his body balance.D.To wear formal clothes.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)BIQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./I/B（分数：21.00）A.They ere born to be pale.B.They did not like traveling in sunny countries.C.They wanted to be different from the peasan
41、ts.D.They thought light color was the color of health.A.People without exposure to sunlight.B.Wealthy people in Europe centuries ago.C.Workers during the Industrial Revolution.D.Wealthy people during the Industrial Revolution.A.Noblemen centuries ago did not like traveling.B.Heredity is not the only
42、 thing that influences our color,C.Exposure to sunlight is the only thing that determines skin color.D.Having a tan is considered a sign of wealth nowadays in North America.BIQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard./I/B（分数：28.00）A.They can live in meadows.B.They can jump high
43、 to get food.C.They can live on many different kinds of hosts.D.They can survive without eating for many months.A.A disease.B.A cause of fatal plague.C.A substance in a fleas legs.D.The substance that a flea lives on.A.Rat flea.B.Cat flea.C.Dog flea.D.Rabbit flea.A.From Europe to China.B.From Ethiop
44、ia to Europe.C.From China to Ethiopia.D.From Byzantium to China.BIQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./I/B（分数：21.00）A.Sort the mail.B.Answer the mail.C.Read the magazines.D.File important information.A.Pay the bills right away.B.Read the magazines very quickly.C.Sort the
45、articles into categories for later reference.D.Stop buying magazines which you don have time to read.A.At least once a month.B.At least twice a month.C.At least once a year.D.At least twice a year.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)To beU (36) /Uin the job interview, you shouldU (37) /Ucertain personal a
46、ndU (38) /Uqualities. You need to create a good image in the limited timeU (39) /U, usually from 30 to 45 minutes. You must make aU (40) /Uimpression which the interviewer will remember while he interviews otherU (41) /UThe following are some qualities you should especially pay attention to during a
47、n interview.First of all, you should take care to appearU (42) /Udressed. The right clothes worn at the right time can win the respect of the interviewer and his confidence in yourU (43) /U.U (44) /U.Secondly, you should pay close attention to your manner of speaking since speech is the reflection of personality.U (45) /U. You should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position you are applying for.Finally, to be really impressive, you must convey a sense of self-confidence and enthusiasm for work.U (46) /U.（分数：77.00）(1).（分数：
