1、大学六级-1567 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)1.人们待在室内上网的时间越来越多，缺乏户外运动 2长时间待在室内上网的害处3我对户外活动的看法On Taking Outdoor Activities（分数：103.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)As Colleges Make Courses Available Free Online, Others Cash InA computer in Logan, Utah, holds syllabus deta
2、ils, lecture notes, problem sets and exams from more than 80 Utah State University courses: but this is no secret cheat-sheet site put together by rogue hackers and pirates. Anyone, anywhere, with an Internet connection-from Bill Gates down-can log on and download these materials without cost. The s
3、ite is part of the OpenCourseWare network, itself part of an educational resources movement dedicated to opening and reshaping global access to higher education.Since 2000, when the Massachusetts Institute of Technology established the first OpenCourseWare site, schoolsf-including top names like Har
4、vard and Stanford in the United States and Oxford and Cambridge in Britain-have been releasing educational materials to the public through platforms.The OpenCourseWare Consortiurn(联盟)whieh grew out of the M. I. T. project, now includes over 200 institutions worldwide and offers materials from more t
5、han 13,000 courses.The idea driving the movement is that information should be freely shared. Still, someone must pay for these materials, and with the recession squeezing university budgets, open course programs are vulnerable.For an annual cost of $125,000, or a mere 0.05 percent of the university
6、s $ 226 million budget, Utah States four-year-old OpenCourseWare program attracted 550,000 page views last year, making it one of the most popular in the United States, according to Marion Jensen, its former director.Former, because in July the university unformally cut off financing for the program
7、, citing budget constraints. The OpenCourseWare content is now being hosted on the DigitalCommonsUSU Web site, the Utah State University branch of a digital content storage that allows various institutions to share up-to-date research and knowledge.Still, an entire ecosystem of commercially oriented
8、 organizations, like the open course aggregator (聚合器)Academic Earth, has sprung up around open course materials. On a philosophical level, the idea of making money from something available free might seem questionable. But Joi Ito, chief executive of Creative Commons, which issues the licenses defin
9、ing user rights to most OpenCourseWare materials, supports the mixing of free and for-profit: “I think theres a great deal of commercial infrastructure that needs to be created in order for this to be successful,“ Mr. Ito said:“It cant all just be free. “Indeed, that raises a key question: how can p
10、rofessors and universities afford to give away the course materials that are their very livelihood?“The answer, “says James D. Yager, senior associate dean for academic affairs at the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University, “lies in why students pay to attend university in the
11、 first place.“ What OpenCourseWare offers, he notes, is not the full university experience: “We dont offer the course for free, we offer the content for free,“ Mr. Yager said by telephone in February. “Students take courses because they want interaction with faculty, they want interaction with one a
12、nother. Those things are not available on O. C. W. “O. C. W. is just the publishing of the content,“ he said.Moreover, O. C. W. offers no certificate and no degree, although that may soon change. Before Utah State ran short of funds, Mr. Jensen worked on a project to certify students who passed exam
13、inations after completing O. C. W. courses.If just 1 percent of the 50,000 unique monthly visitors to the Utah State OpenCourseWare site had paid a $ 50 exam fee, the OpenCourseWare program could have been sustainable, he said.Professor James C. Taylor at the University of Southern Queensland, Austr
14、alia, has been working on a similar program. He wants to take it a step further by setting up an online community of academic volunteers who would interact with students the way professors do in the classroom. With this additional support, students would come closer to approximating a residential or
15、 distance education experience at a fraction of the cost, while the university would extend its outreach to a wider group of people.Southern Queensland university already had a well-established distance learning program before joining the O. C. W. network. Since the content that it contributes to O.
16、 C. W. was developed expressly for online and distance use, it is particularly well adapted to independent learning.That could cut both ways:Schools with existing distance education programs could be reluctant to provide free open courses for fear of losing paying students.Schools have taken various
17、 approaches to online materials. Some, for example, have chosen to publish only parts of their courses online. Willem Koolhaas, director of corporate marketing communication at the Rotterdam School of Management at Erasmus University, said his school posted special lectures, specifically-designed “t
18、o use for recruiting purposes“.“What were doing at the moment from a recruitment and advertising perspective is the right thing to do,“ he said, “though if you would be talking now to the academic director of a program, they might have a different perspective.“Paul Argenti, a professor of corporate
19、communication at the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth, in New Hampshire, said: “Were in the transmission of information business. On the academic side, you want as many people as possible to hear what you have to say. On the business side, obviously its an exclusive experience.“Its pretty hard t
20、o imagine how an elite institution like us or like Harvard or Stanford or any of the other top schools would stay in business if they didnt have some aspect of the program that was still relatively complicated and difficult to get to,“ Mr. Argenti said. Reflecting that, Tuck does not offer complete
21、sets of course material.For lesser-known schools, the Internet offers an economical and easy way to showcase their strengths-almost any school can upload content in hopes of making a name for itself. Online, it is the quality of the material, rather than the brand name or ranking, that counts most.“
22、In some sense, Google does level the playing field,“ Mr. Jensen of Utah State said. “If you produce good content and people link to you, Googles going to recognize that.“Still, schools with an established reputation may have a head start. In December 2009, 33 percent of page views of Open Yale Cours
23、es, and 26 percent of M. I. T. s page views, came from direct trafficsignificantly more than the 15 percent that come directly to the Utah State University site.Reputation makes a difference when procuring public funds for these projects as well. To help raise the $ 3.6 million that it costs annuall
24、y to operate its Web site, M. I. T. holds semiannual fund-raising campaigns and has recently set up an underwriting(包销)program.Mr. Carson, the M. I. T. external relations director, compared the institutes O. C. W. program to National Public Radio, the U. S. public broadcaster. “Were putting informat
25、ion out there for the public good, and we think the sources of support are going to be very similar,“ he said. M. I. T. has seen a roughly 70 percent year-on-year growth in funding over recent years, which Mr. Carsonsaid was a good gauge of the sites public value.“Freely sharing materials over the I
26、nternet creates an incentive for universities to improve themselves,“ said Catherine Casserly, former director of the Open Educational Resources Initiative at the Hewlett Foundation, which finances many OpenCourseWare projects. “I think that by putting some of the spectacular professors, and putting
27、 their approaches and instructional strategies that they use with their students in front of the world, it sets a new benchmark for all of us to learn from,“ she said, “and I think thats actually one of the incredible powers of this open educational resource./（分数：70.00）(1).The OpenCourseWare network
28、 is part of an educational resources movement engaged inA. spreading online higher education to every country in the worldB. opening and remolding world-wide access to higher educationC. making a world-wide dedication to higher educationD. reshaping higher education all over the world（分数：7.00）A.B.C.
29、D.(2).What is the idea that propels the movement of the OpenCourseWare Consortium?A. People should have access to information.B. People should share information for free.C. Information obtaining needs to be paid.D. Information should be conveyed freely.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From a philosophical persp
30、ective, the idea that people can make money from something free is_.A. ambiguous B. debatable C. persuasive D. troublesome（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).James D. Yager said that the OpenCourseWare doesnt offer _.A. sufficient resources onlineB. diverse courses for freeC. enough competent instructorsD. full un
31、iversity experience（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).As for the program of James C. Taylor, he wants to_.A. extend his work to a wider group of peopleB. engage in communicating with students onlineC. organize a community of academic volunteers onlineD. be a professor interacting with students in classroom（分数：7.0
32、0）A.B.C.D.(6).According to the author, what measures have some schools adopted to online materials?A. Providing only parts of their courses online.B. Providing all open courses for free.C. Publishing their own online materials.D. Publishing all online materials for free.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The most
33、 important thing for an online school is_.A. the brand nameB. the school rankingC. the content uploadedD. the material quality（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).If schools want to gain public funds to support their projects, _plays an important role.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Mr. Carson holds that they are publishing in
34、formation out online for the sake of_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).According to Catherine Casserly, universities are inspired to improve themselves via the sharing of _over the Internet.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. She read only half of the book.B. Th
35、c man should choose a different book to read.C. The man will enjoy the book eventually.D. The main characters in the book arent interesting.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He doesnt know what tools to bring.B. The donkeys will carry the womans personal items.C. He doesnt mind helping the woman.D. The woman
36、wont have to carry tools.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Edward is happy with his job.B. Edward isnt as good a worker as the boss thinks.C. The boss plans to give Edward a raise in salary.D. The boss hasnt treated Edward fairly.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Invite his roommate to a party.B. Ask his roommate to go
37、 to the housing office.C. Stop complaining about his roommate.D. Arrange to get a different roommate.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. She just received information about the art festival.B. She will help the man find information.C. The man can easily find the information by himself.D. The man should go to th
38、e art library.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He is not sure where the student services office is.B. He recently got a new student ID card.C. He is too busy to go to the student services office now.D. He plans to get his new student ID card on Monday.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He will do it before he begins hi
39、s other work.B. He will submit it on Thursday.C. He has already finished it.D. He is allowed to complete it later.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It has been in the cafeteria for several weeks.B. Its colors arent very bright.C. Both speakers think it looks bad in the cafeteria.D. The speakers selected it fo
40、r the cafeteria.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. She likes watching children and needs more money.B. She wants to be a good babysitter for those parents.C. She believes she can be the best in the area.D. Her mother advised her to be a babysitter.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. She has to look after two naughty boys.
41、B. She does housework besides babysitting.C. She has got training and certification.D. She has to pay college tuition and living costs.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. She is the only babysitter in the area.B. She is tough in this negotiation.C. She is pulling the mans leg.D. She is too young to negotiate wi
42、th the man.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. They dont have enough money. B. They can do it themselves.C. The machines need professional cleaning.D. The machines dont need cleaning at all.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Employ their own maintenance technicians.B. Have the maintenance company do it. C. Have the manufa
43、cturer maintain the machines.D. Reduce the frequency of utilization.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. HR agency. B. HR department.C. Outsourcing company.D. The company union.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Have lunch together.B. Find an outsource company.C. Go back home.D. Continue to work.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section
44、B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)(1).A. To respond to government policy.B. To make use of the facilities.C. To make the workplace dynamic.D. To show the image of Ford company.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. How to balance diet and health.B. How to balance work and life.C. How to work efficiently.D. How to invest properly.（
45、分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Payment increase. B. A long holiday.C. Flexible working schedule.D. Promotion.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A.Sleepy and tired.B. Excited and aggressive.C. Exhausted and lazy.D. Alert and energetic.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. They know little about the places.B. They are influenced by ster
46、eotypes.C. They consider it the national brand of the places.D. They have very similar experiences in the places.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. People may refuse to accept the non-typical brand.B. People may resist accepting the brand from abroad.C. The computer business is not taken seriously by Italians.
47、D. The computer business in Italy falls far behind.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Scotland is the export promotion centre of Britain.B. Scottish people are very good at doing business.C. Small countries can profit from its national brand.D. Small countries usually possess more national brands.（分数：7.00）A.B.
48、C.D.(1).A. To have a party with new friends.B. To share their opinions with peers.C. To take part in a seminar on specific topics.D. To practice making informative speeches.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Boring and difficult.B. Fascinating and informative.C. Interesting and challenging.D. Obscure and ambig
49、uous.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. PowerPoint slides.B. Lunch talk.C. Public speaking.D. Informative speaking.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Some of the most important words you must learn and remember are the technical terms used in specific subjects. In a (36) course, for instance, you would need to understand such terms as behaviorism, stimulus, regression, and so on. Wi
