1、大学六级-1551 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.在校大学生炒股的现象在一些地方很普遍2. 有人认为这种行为不利于学生的学习，也有人认为这种行为能让学生有所收获3. 你的观点Buying and Selling Stocks as a Student（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)So Near and Yet So FarIn many examinations, 90% is an excellent score, deserving a
2、 prize and a handshake from the headmaster. In Geneva this week, only full marks would do, and the worlds trade ministers failed. No matter that they came closer to a deal than anyone should have expected. No matter that they stuck at it for nine days and several nights, in the longest ministerial m
3、eeting in the history of the World Trade Organization (WTO). No matter, too, that this time they parted in stunned disbelief, heads shaking, rather than in acrimony(刻薄), quarrel and spite, as at Cancun in 2003. They managed “convergence“ on 18 of the 20 topics set before them by Pascal Lamy, the WTO
4、s director-general, but they stumbled on the 19th, a device for protecting farmers in developing countries against surges in imports. They never reached the 20th, cotton. Failed.You can construct a plausible argument that the collapse of yet another set of talks on the Doha round, which is now comin
5、g up to seven years old, is of little importance. While the worlds trade ministers have alternated between talking and not talking to one another about Doha, the worlds businesspeople have carried on regardless: the growth of global commerce has outstripped the hitherto (到前为止) healthy pace of global
6、 GDP. Developing countries in particular have continued to open up to imports and foreign investment. You might say that not much was on offer in Geneva anyway: one study put the eventual benefits at maybe $70 billion, a drop in the ocean of the worlds GDP. Global stock markets, with so much else on
7、 their minds, either didnt notice or didnt care. On July 29th, the day the talks broke up, the S India, joined by China, wanted it low. Both developing countries, it is said, also wanted to be able to jack tariffs up above existing ceilings, not merely those set in a Doha deal. After 60 hours of tal
8、k by Mr. Lamys count, there was deadlock; and that was that. Meanwhile, believe it or not, food is pricier than ever.Indias mountain ,Americas molehillYou could call this “a collective failure“, as some ministers did. You could also be more specific. Indias willingness to open its economy in reality
9、 is in lamentable contrast to its inability to commit itself at the WTO. Its stubbornness is explained by the ferocity of Indias politics on this subject and the desperate, even suicidal, poverty of many of its farmers. But it and China must have known that they were asking too much.America has some
10、 answering to do, too. It seems to have misread the big story: in the WTO, rich countries no longer call the shots, as they did in its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. China and India, infuriating though they may be, are as powerful as America and the EU. The United States al
11、so fumbled with the details. It might have tied up a deal on cotton, and left the Chinese and Indians isolated on safeguards. And the ultimate stumbling-block, though a mountain to India, was surely a molehill to a country of Americas wealth. America has 1 million farmers, India over 200 million.In
12、the WTO, there is a saying: nothing is agreed until everything is agreed. But all the effort of nine days - or seven years - should not be lost. Mr. Lamy should publish what has been agreed so far. Ideally, the ministers would then meditate over the summer on what they have lost - and he could then
13、ask for a final push. That, alas, seems a vain hope. With American elections looming, India heading for the polls by next May and a new European Commission due late next year, it may be 2010 before much can be done. There is a risk that by then, as Peter Mandelson, the EUs trade commissioner, once p
14、ut it,“ the caravans have moved on in different directions“. The world will have to wait for a Doha deal, if it ever gets one. After coming so close, it should not have had to.（分数：70.00）(1).The longest ministerial conference in the history of WTO lasts for _.（分数：7.00）A.nine daysB.ten daysC.eighteen
15、daysD.twenty days(2).What was the 19th topic related with on the ministerial meeting of WTO?（分数：7.00）A.Cotton importation and exportation.B.Protecting farmers in developing countries.C.The elimination of trade protection.D.Food safety and the environment.(3).The S on the other hand, it is (40) to ke
16、ep good relationship among people if everyone is (41) thus make the entire society lack of unity.American citizens emphasize on achievements and (42) heroes. They have great sense in their hearts to (43) success and heroes. Personal achievements are one of those with the highest value in Americans m
17、ind. Success is the pursuit of most Americans. (44) American society has great movements within itself. These movements are shown in two aspects: movements amongst locations and movements inside the society. (45) . Developed transport and the tradition of adventure and sporty make a lot of American
18、migrate from countryside to cities, from downtown to uptown, from north to the southern sunny land, from one city to another. No matter where they are from, (46) . This is what they often called “American dream“.（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七
19、、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)It is hardly surprising that something called dark energy is hard to study. It is important, though. If it exists at all, it makes up about three-quarters of the stuff in the universe. And if it does not exist, then existing theories of ph
20、ysics will have to be useless.The latest evidence that dark energy really does exist was produced on December 16th by Alexey Vikhlinin, of the Smithsonian Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and his colleagues. They used an orbiting X-ray telescope called Chandra to study the way that groups of
21、 galaxies grow. They discovered that this growth is restrained in exactly the way that dark-energy theory predicts.The idea of dark energy was dreamed up ten years ago, to explain why the expansion of the universe that began with the Big Bang seems to be accelerating, rather than slowing down. That
22、unexpected finding was the result of studies of supernovas (超新星) whose apparent brightness (and therefore distance) did not match the previous theory. Dark energy causes the acceleration by pushing space itself apart, altering the distances to the supernovas as it does so.Dark energy is also a conve
23、nient explanation for another curiosity. Geometrically, space is flat. For it to be held that way, rather than getting more and more curved over time, the amount of matter and energy it contains must be at a particular, critical density. Without the dark energy needed to explain the acceleration, th
24、e universe would have only a quarter of the necessary density. It is therefore a relief that Dr Vikhlinins results agree with the theory: the pushing apart of space that dark energy causes makes it harder than it otherwise would be for galactic clusters(银河星团) to grow.This result does not bring physi
25、cists much closer to understanding what dark energy actually is. The favored explanation is the so-called universal constant - an as-yet-unobserved consequence of the general theory of relativity. But that theory predicts a force far more powerful than the one actually seen. So the truth is that phy
26、sicists are still in the dark.（分数：90.00）(1).If by any chance there is no dark energy, theories of physics will be _.（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(2).Alexey Vikhlinin tried to study how clusters of galaxies grow by using _.（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(3).Where did the physicists get the fact that universe expansion is acce
27、lerating?（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(4).In order to maintain the flatness of space, its substance and energy should be kept at a _.（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(5).As for dark energy, what is favored by the physicists to explain it?（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_九、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：44.50)After the stock-ma
28、rket crash of October 1929 it took over three years for Americas government to launch a series of dramatic efforts to end the Depression, starting with Roosevelts declaration of a four-day bank holiday in March 1933. In-between, America saw the worst economic collapse in its history. Thousands of ba
29、nks failed, a damaging deflation set in, output declined by a third and unemployment rose to 25%. The Depression brought enormous damage across the globe, but most of all on Americas economy. As a result, the boundaries between government and markets were redrawn.During the past month, little more t
30、han a year after the financial storm first struck in August 2007, Americas government made its most dramatic interventions in financial markets since the 1930s. At the time it was not even certain that the economy was in recession and unemployment stood at 6.1%. In two unstable weeks the Federal Res
31、erve and the Treasury between them nationalized the countrys two mortgage giants, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; took over AIG, the worlds largest insurance company; in effect extended government deposit insurance to $ 3.4 trillion in money-market funds; temporarily banned short-selling in over 900 mos
32、tly financial stocks; and, most dramatic of all, sworn to take up to $700 billion of bad mortgage-related assets on to its books. The Fed and the Treasury were determined to prevent the kind of banking disaster that caused the Depression. Shellshocked lawmakers were picky, but Congress and the admin
33、istration eventually agreed.The landscape of American finance has been radically changed. The independent investment bank - a crucial Wall Street animal that relied on high leverage(杠杆作用) and wholesale funding - is now all but disappear. Lehman Brothers has gone bust; Bear Steams and Merrill Lynch h
34、ave been swallowed by commercial banks; and Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley have become commercial banks themselves. The “shadow banking system“ is transforming at lightning speed. And in little more than three weeks Americas government, all told, expanded its gross liabilities(负债) by more than $1
35、trillion - almost twice as much as the cost so far of the Iraq war.Beyond that, few things are certain. In late September the turmoil spread and intensified. Money markets seized up across the globe as banks refused to lend to each other. Five European banks failed and European governments fell over
36、 themselves to support their banking systems with rescues and guarantees. As this special report went to press, it was too soon to declare the crisis contained.（分数：44.50）(1).What does the author tell us about the situation of 1929s Depression?（分数：8.90）A.A damaging inflation ensued after the bankrupt
37、cy of many banks.B.American economy resumed only after a series of efforts taken by government.C.Its damaging effect is the same on both the globe and America.D.The relationship between market and government was not tainted.(2).What measures were taken by the Federal Reserve and the Treasury under p
38、resent situation?（分数：8.90）A.The countrys two mortgage giants were nationalized in two weeks.B.The short-selling in over 900 financial stocks was banned forever.C.Government deposit insurance was extended to $700 billion.D.About $700 billion poisonous assets related to mortgage was confiscated.(3).Wh
39、at is Congress and the administrations attitude towards the Fed and the Treasury actions?（分数：8.90）A.They think their actions are too dramatic for the situation.B.Being picky at first, they finally support their actions.C.They totally approve of the dramatic interventions for the experience of 1929.D
40、.They think the banking catastrophe now is not a big deal.(4).The great changes happening to American finance can be reflected by _.（分数：8.90）A.the gradual transformation of shadow banking systemB.the prosperity of independent investment bank Wall Street relies onC.the bankruptcy of Bear Stearns and
41、Merrill Lynch after being swallowedD.the conversion of Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley to commercial banks(5).The last sentence of the passage means that _.（分数：8.90）A.written on short notice, the report can hardly cover the entire crisisB.everything being unfixed and uncertain, this report can not
42、include the entire crisis nowC.this is only a special report, with no aim to contain the entire crisisD.this report may not be received by the press十一、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：44.50)On the shelves of the countrys shops is the usual classification of toys, clothing, appliances and cookware. But over the
43、past month the quality of many of the goods on offer has improved. In part this is because scandals over toxic paint have brought closer scrutiny from inspectors and hence less corner-cutting. But it is also partly because of falling demand for its goods from other countries, which has given its man
44、ufacturers and local government a big incentive to work around the countrys exportpromotion policies and to sell at home.Its manufacturers are well aware that they operate in one of the few large markets that is still showing a pulse. Retail sales in October were up by 22% compared with the same mon
45、th in 2007 - a slight drop from 23.2% in September, but an impressive figure nonetheless. That certainly exaggerates the countrys economic vigor, but it would be a stretch to believe that the country is in recession.As domestic consumption increases, its export-oriented manufacturers are under siege
46、 (围攻). Figures announced on December 10th showed that exports fell by a startling 2.2% in November, compared with a year earlier. Analysts had expected an increase of around 15%; it was the first fall in exports for seven years. The news followed a government survey, released on December 1st, that s
47、howed a sharp decline in the fortunes of export manufacturers, confirming lots of anecdotal evidence. Diverting goods intended for export to the domestic market makes sense for factory owners, who want their firms to survive, and for local officials, who wish to maintain order.As a result of pressur
48、e from its trading partners, these tax rebates (折扣) on exports had been contracting. But in November a new stimulus plan was announced that increased the rebates on more than 3,000 items. Evidently its officials hope the country can once again export its way to higher growth, despite the financial troubles in its main markets.One solution is to route goods to the domestic market via a port city, so that they qualify as exports, but this takes time and money an
