1、大学六级-1434 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 很多大学生从未对父母的养育之恩道过谢2.请详细说明其中的原因3. 你的算法Say “Thanks“ to Parents（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Cod in Trouble A. In 1992, the devastating collapse of the cod stocks off the east coast of Newfoundland forced the Can
2、adian government to take drastic measures and close the fishery. Over 40,000 people lost their jobs, communities are still struggling to recover and the marine ecosystem is still in a state of collapse. The disintegration of this vital fishery sounded a warning bell to governments around the world w
3、ho were shocked that a relatively-sophisticated, scientifically-based fisheries management program, not unlike their own, could have gone so wrong. The Canadian government ignored warnings that their fleets were employing destructive fishing practices and refused to significantly reduce quotas citin
4、g the loss of jobs as too great a concern. B. In the 1950s Canadian and US east coast waters provided an annual 100,000 tons in cod catches rising to 800,000 by 1970. This over fishing led to a catch of only 300,000 tons by 1975. Canada and the US reacted by passing legislation to extend their natio
5、nal jurisdictions over marine-living resources out to 200 nautical miles and catches naturally declined to 139,000 tons in 1980. However the Canadian fishing industry took over and restarted the over fishing and catches rose again until, from 1985, it was the Canadians who were landing more than 250
6、,000 tons of northern cod annually. This exploitation ravaged the stocks and by 1990 the catch was so low (29,000 tons) that in 1992 (121/2000 tons) Canada had to ban all fishing in east coast waters. In a fishery that had for over a century yielded a quarter-million ton catches, there remained a bi
7、omass of less than 1700 tons and the Fisheries Department also predicted that, even with an immediate recovery, stocks need at least 15 years before they would be healthy enough to withstand previous levels of fishing. C. The devastating fishing came from massive investment poured into constructing
8、huge “draggers“. Draggers haul enormous nets held open by a combination of huge steel plates and heavy chains and rollers that plough the ocean bottom. They drag up anything in the way, inflicting immense damage, destroying critical habitat and contributing to the destabilization of the northern cod
9、 ecosystem. The draggers targeted huge aggregations of cod while they were spawning, a time when the fish population is highly vulnerable to capture. Excessive trawling on spawning stocks became highly disruptive to the spawning process, and ecosystem. In addition, the trawling activity resulted in
10、a physical dispersion of eggs leading to a higher fertilization failure. Physical and chemical damage to larvae caused by the trawling action also reduced their chances of survival. These draggers are now banned forever from Canadian waters. D. Canadian media often cite excessive fishing by overseas
11、 fleets, primarily driven by the Capitalist ethic, as the primary cause of the fishing out of the north Atlantic cod stocks. Many nations took fish off the coast of Newfoundland and all used deep-sea trawlers, and many often blatantly exceeded established catch quotas and treaty agreements. There ca
12、n be little doubt that non-North-American-fishing was a contributing factor in the cod stock collapse, and that the capitalist dynamics that were at work in Canada were all too similar for the foreign vessels and companies. But all of the blame cannot be put there, no matter how easy it is to do, as
13、 it does not account for the management of the resources. E. Who was to blame? As the exploitation of the Newfoundland fishery was so predominantly guided by the government, we can argue that a fishery is not a private area, as the fisher lacks management fights normally associated with property and
14、 common property. The state had appropriated the property, and made all of the management decisions. Fishermen get told who can fish, what they can fish, and essentially, what to do with the fish once it is caught. In this regard then, when a resource such as the Newfoundland fishery collapses, it i
15、s more a tragedy of government negligence than a tragedy of the general public. F. Following the 1992s ban on northern cod fishing and most other species, an estimated 30,000 people that had already lost their jobs after the 1992 Northern Cod Moratorium took effect, were joined by an additional 12,0
16、00 fishermen and plant workers. With more than forty thousand people out of jobs, Newfoundland became an economic disaster area, as processing plants shut down, and vessels from the smallest dory to the monster draggers were made idle or sold overseas at bargain prices. Several hundred Newfoundland
17、communities were devastated. G. Europeans need only look across the North Atlantic to see what could be in store for their cod fishery. In Canada they were too busy with making plans, setting expansive goals, and then allocating fish, and lots of it, instead of making sound business plans to match f
18、ishing with the limited availability of the resource. Cod populations in European waters are now so depleted that scientists have recently warned that “all fisheries in this area that target cod should be closed.“ The Canadian calamity demonstrates that we now have the technological capability o fin
19、d and annihilate every commercial fish stock, in any ocean and do irreparable damage to entire ecosystems in the process. In Canadas case, a two billion dollar recovery bill may only be a part of the total long-term costs. The costs to individuals and desperate communities now deprived of meaningful
20、 and sustainable employment is staggerin（分数：70.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, what was a major factor in the Newfoundland cod disaster?（分数：7.00）A.The mass unemployment.B.The collapse of marine ecosystem.C.The cod collapse.D.The fleets destructive fishing practices.(2).The Canadian governme
21、nt didnt want to reduce cod. catches pre-1992 because they were worried about _.（分数：7.00）A.drastic measuresB.the ecological effectsC.the marine ecosystemD.possible rising unemployment(3).Which of the following graph most accurately describes Canadian cod catches from 1950 to 19927 _. （分数：7.00）A.B.C.
22、D.(4).Canada had to totally ban fishing in east coast waters in the year of _.（分数：7.00）A.1975B.1980C.1990D.1992(5).According to passage, which of the following is now true about the Newfoundland fisheries?（分数：7.00）A.Normal fishing could start again in 2007.B.Catches of 2700 tons a year only are perm
23、itted.C.Fishing with draggers will be allowed again in 2007.D.No cod fishing is allowed but some other species can be caught.(6).The massive investment put into the constructing huge draggers resulted in _.（分数：7.00）A.more economic disaster areas in NewfoundlandB.the recovery of the marine ecosystemC
24、.the improvement of fishing practicesD.the devastating fishing(7).Who does the writer blame for the collapse of the Newfoundland cod fishery?（分数：7.00）A.The US fishing industry.B.The Canadian government.C.The foreign fishing industry.D.The Canadian fishing industry.(8).Canadian media often cite exces
25、sive fishing by overseas fleets, primarily because of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).As to the Newfoundland fishery collapse, it is less a tragedy of the general public than a tragedy of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).In Canadas case, the costs to the deprivation of peoples _ is much greater than the recovery bill.（
26、分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.English teachers usually like reading a lot.B.The English like to read a lot and listen to music.C.Not everyone from England likes to read al
27、l the time.D.People who teach English like things other than books.A.It wasnt very well designed.B.Its results were just as expected.C.It fully reflected the students ability.D.Its results fell short of her expectations.A.He might help the woman much.B.The woman shouldnt buy a used car.C.He doesnt k
28、now a lot about new cars.D.The woman is a better mechanic than he is.A.The woman never travels by plane.B.Both speakers feel nervous when flying.C.The man thinks traveling by air is quite safe.D.The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.A.John was disappointed at his math score.B.John did
29、 better than he thought he was able to.C.John didnt pass, although he had tried his best.D.John got an excellent score, which was unexpected.A.The boss is often late for work.B.The boss will probably discipline the woman.C.The boss may disregard the womans lateness.D.The boss didnt know the woman wa
30、s late again.A.Members have a narrow range of topics to discuss.B.Members bring up the most important issue.C.Members have interesting topics to discuss.D.Members have little knowledge.A.The man should do without buying a new bicycle.B.Shell glad to help the man decide which bicycle to buy.C.The man
31、 should not be so particular about choosing a bicycle.D.Shes quite concerned about the mans means of transportation.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.It is closing down some factories in the US.B.It no longer offers high-paying jobs.C.The number of its
32、employees is doubled after the restructuring.D.It is manufacturing as many cars as before.A.Over 87,000 workers will lose their jobs in auto companies.B.Many people will have to say bye-bye to their high salaries.C.The employees laid-off has a great impact on the American business.D.America can no l
33、onger hake a lead in world economy.A.They produced more cars than American manufacturers.B.They reduced car-production in America.C.They gave up more market share to the natives.D.They took over plants and manufacturing capacity.A.It is a serious throat to its competitors.B.It is not powerful enough
34、 to affect the world market.C.The cars quality is good enough to have their own branding.D.None of the Chinese cars meet the standard in the US.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.She cant find a job.B.She doesnt know how to manage a book store.C.She want
35、s to quit her current job in the IBM office.D.She has no idea which of the two job offers is better.A.She will earn less.B.It takes too much time to go there.C.It has nothing to do with her study.D.She has no interest in that field.A.Accept the job offer from the book store.B.Accept the job offer fr
36、om 1BM.C.In the holiday work in IBM and in the next school year work in the book store.D.Give up both offers and find another one in the next school year.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.The opening up of new markets.B.
37、The printing of high quality copies.C.The increased use of the Internet.D.The rapid development of small businesses.A.To plant more fast growing trees.B.To find new materials for making paper.C.To develop new printers using recycled paper.D.To encourage printing more quality documents.A.Because they
38、 see a growing market for printers.B.Because small companies need more hard copies.C.Because people are concerned about the environment.D.Because printers in many offices are working overtime.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.They were expensive.B
39、.No one believes them.C.They were unsuccessful.D.They were often deceptive.A.Consumers were responsive.B.Consumers were hostile.C.Consumers turned cautious of it.D.Consumers didnt care all the time.A.They became more popular.B.They were more regulated.C.They became less honest.D.They became better p
40、roduced.A.Massachusetts.B.Texas.C.California.D.Connecticut.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Nancy set up “Dress for Success“ to make money.B.Nancys office gathers used clothes from women.C.Nancys grandfather lent her the money to set up the off
41、ice.D.Low-income women can get jobs at “Dress for Success“.A.Because they like the design of the dressesB.Because they like to wear different clothesC.Because they prefer buying clothes at a low priceD.Because they need to look smart when looking for a jobA.That she got a lot of good ideas from Nanc
42、yB.That she is working happily at her present job.C.That clothes from Nancys office helped to get her a jobD.That “Dress for Success“ has a good business relation with her firm六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his
43、own language, but few people are even moderately (36) at pronouncing foreign languages. The (37) reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to (38) the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce, and (39) never set about deali
44、ng with it in the right way. For too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a skill, one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be (40) by just leaving it to take care of itself, even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a
45、good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the (41) of study concerned with speaking the language.So English pronunciation must be taught; teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and by his whole (42) to the subject should get the student to feel that he
46、re is a matter (43) of receiving his close attention. So, (44) Apart from this, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique. (45) It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory. (46)
47、 between the speech habits of English people and those of your students.（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)In the old days, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. T
48、his is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally-ill patients even when those patients are their parents. This deprives (剥夺) the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his lif
