1、大学六级-1218 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.出国留学的好处；2. 出国留学的弊端；3. 结论和你的观点。The Advantages and Disadvantages of Studying Abroad（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Staying Smart: Advice on Navigating Your CareerMillions of career changes occur each year. Some are n
2、atural, but many more occur in adverse circumstances. Other forces at work today further alter the work environment. The Internet tidal wave destroys existing business methods and creates new ones. Many jobs get shaken up in the process. In 1998 the momentum of the Asian economies went from fast-for
3、ward to reverse. With their appetite for new products and services, these countries had fueled economic growth all over the world. The change in their fortunes has affected and untold number of careers throughout the world.Clearly, environmental changes like these beget strategic inflection points f
4、or companies. Even more acutely, however, they bring career inflection points to the employees of those companies.Your Career is Your BusinessEvery person, whether he is an employee or self-employed, is like an individual business. Your career is your business, and you are its CEO. Just like the CEO
5、 of a large corporation, you must respond to market forces, head off competitors, and be alert to the possibility that what you are doing can be done in a different way. You must protect your career from harm and position yourself to benefit from changes in the operating environment. This business o
6、f one often encounters a defining point where an action you take will determine whether your career bounces upward or slumps into decline. Lets call it a career inflection point.A career inflection point most often resets from a subtle but profound shift in the operating environment in which you wor
7、k, a shift that demands that you respond with action. This action will not necessarily introduce an immediate discontinuity into your career, but it may unleash forces that in time will have a lasting and significant effect. A strategic inflection point reflects a wrenching moment in the life of a c
8、ompany, hot the effort of navigating through it is spread among members of a community. Career inflection points are more intense, because everything rests on the shoulders of one individual you.Career inflection points happen to everyone. Consider the case of a business journalist I know. This man
9、used to be a banker. He was happily and productively employed until the day he went to work and learned that his employer had been acquired by a larger bank. In short order he was out of a job. He then became a stockbroker. For a while, things went well and the future looked promising. However, a sh
10、ort time before we met, online brokerage firms started to appear. Several of this mans clients left him, preferring to do their business with low-cost online firms. The handwriting was on the wall.This time our man decided to make his move early. He had always had an interest in and aptitude for wri
11、ting. Building on the financial knowledge he had already acquired, he found himself a job as a business journalist, a less lucrative position but one less likely to be done in by technology. This transition was not as traumatic (痛苦而难忘的) as the move from bank to brokerage; this time he had initiated
12、it rather than waiting for change to be forced on him by outside forces.To know whether youre facing a career inflection point, you must be alert to changes in your environment. Working inside an organization, youre often sheltered from the world at large. In some ways you tacitly relinquish (放弃) re
13、sponsibility for your wefare to your employer. But if you take your eyes off the environment in which your company operates, you may be the last to know of potential changes that could have an impact on your career.The Mental Fire DrillYou should train yourself to look for strategic inflection point
14、s that may affect your career. Simply put, you need to be a little paranoid about your career.One way to do this is to go through a mental fire drill: Act as if you were the CEO of a large company, a CEO who is open to outside views and stimuli. Read newspapers. Attend industry conferences. Network
15、with colleagues in other companies. Listen to chatter from colleagues and friends. When different sources all reinforce the idea that change is afoot whether in your industry or another one it is time to sit up and ask yourself a series of questions like these: Do these anecdotes indicate changes th
16、at might somehow apply to you? What would you do if you were affected by such a change? tow likely is your company to be affected by changes in your industry? If you think that developments originating in other industries could have a ripple effect on your job, are you confident of learning the new
17、ways? If not, what should you do?Only through this kind of vigorous debate with yourself can you determine whether youve reached a career inflection point. The only way to hone your ability to recognize and analyze changes is to question the tacit assumptions underlying your daily work.Timing Is Eve
18、rythingSuccess in navigating a career inflection point depends largely on a sense of timing. But you have invested a lot in getting your career to where it is and youve got great hopes of rising further along the current trajectory (轨道) of your career. So its more than likely that after asking yours
19、elf the kinds of questions listed above and deciding that a troublesome shift is underway, your whole being will probably work to try to deny that this is so.Denial can come from two wholly different sources. If youve been very successful in your career, the smoothness of success may keep you from r
20、ecognizing danger. If youve just been hanging on, fear of change may make you reluctant to risk what little you have. Either way, denial can cost you time, causing you to miss the best moment for action.As in managing business, it is rare that people make career calls early. But the truth is that a
21、change made under the benign bubble of an existing job will be far less wrenching than a change made once your career has started to decline. If you are among the first to take advantage of a career inflection point, you are likely to find the best pick of the new opportunities. Simply put, the earl
22、y bird gets the worm; latecomers get leftovers.Get in Shape for ChangeThe period between an early sense of foreboding and an actual career inflection point is valuable. Just as athletes get in shape for competition, this is your time to get in shape for change. Picture yourself in different roles. T
23、alk to people in those kinds of jobs. Conduct a dialogue with yourself about how suited you are for a new line of work. Train your brain for the big change.Experimentation is a key way to prepare for change. This can take several different forms. For the stockbroker-turned-journalist, this meant dus
24、ting off his writing skills and contracting potential employers early. You might consider moonlighting (兼职) or going back to school part-time. You may want to ask your current employer for a new and entirely different assignment.As you experiment, avoid random motion. Dont take blind steps just to h
25、ead in a different direction. Guide yourself by your understanding of the nature of the changes that are upon on you. Look for something that allows you to use your knowledge or skills in a position thats immune to the wave of changes you have spotted. Better yet, leek for a job that actually takes
26、advantage of the changes. Go with the flow rather than fight it.When a corporation navigates a strategic inflection point, the CEO is called upon to describe a clear vision of the new industry map and to provide the leadership to get the organization across this valley. As CEO of your own career, yo
27、u must supply the vision and commitment yourself. Arriving at the clarity of direction through a dialogue with yourself and then maintaining your conviction when you wake up in the middle of the night filled with doubts is not easy. Yet you have no choice. You have just one career. Your might take c
28、ontrol of it with full focus and energy, and with no wavering.（分数：70.00）(1).Environmental changes may lead to the employees career inflection points.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).The career inflection point can determine whether a business can succeed or not.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).When you experience and observe
29、 your inflection point, you should stop your career at once.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).A journalist succeeds more easily than a stockbroker.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5)._ often results from working for an organization.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).You can judge whether youve reached your career turning point after you _.（分数：
30、7.00）填空项 1:_(7)._ is the most important factor that determines whether you can succeed in navigating your turning point.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).The denial of what have happened often come from two sources _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).The period between an early sense of foreboding and an actual career inflecti
31、on point is the time for you to _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).By saying “As you experiment, avoid random motion“, the author means you should _ in order not to head in an opposite direction.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the co
32、nversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.Because she has an appointment with the man.B.Because she has an appointment with the *sales manager.C.Because she wants to find a job.D.Because she wants to make sure if she can find a vacancy.(2).A) Six Units. C) Sixteen Units.B) Fourteen Units. D) Ten Un
33、its.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A) It will be rainy. C) It will be moist and hot.B) It will be cold. D) It will be very pleasant.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.A.He thinks it is a wise move.B.He thinks Bob is not wise to invest all his money in stocks.C.He thinks Bob should move to another place.D.He thinks its better f
34、or Bob to invest later.A.He cant afford the car right now.B.He will buy the car as soon as he has enough money.C.He thinks someone else has bought the ear.D.He thinks someone else has destroyed the ear.A.They am better than the modem movies.B.There is more technology in them.C.The technology in them
35、 cannot be compared with that of modem ones.D.They are excellent to us now.A.A woman cannot shine the mans shoes.B.A woman cannot allow her man to drink.C.The man can never find a traditional woman as before.D.As times are changing, women are no longer gentle.A.Advertisers try to find the law to sup
36、port them.B.Advertisers used deer in ads to show the cigarette is even liked by deer.C.The university sweater is another way of advertising.D.Advertisers think of ways to avoid breaking the law even though their acts are illegal to some extent.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you hav
37、e just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Because she wants to practice herself.B.Because she wants to work with the professor from Harvard.C.Because she has to support the family.D.Because she is tired of the classes.(2).A) Business class. C) Mathematics class.B) History class. D) None.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.A.They can m
38、eet formally at first.B.They can date along with him and his girl friend.C.They can go to see a play together.D.They can make a phone call first.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A) An orchestra conductor. C) A sales manager in a music company.B) An m
39、usic fan. D) A background music composer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.A.It can increase production by 4.5 percent in factories at least.B.It is sometimes very boring to the workers.C.It can possibly give people better feeling and influence their attitudes.D.It is always faster than any other music.A.It started
40、at a time when the workers were slower in work.B.It started during the Second World War.C.It started before the factories had their own orchestras.D.It started in the early part of 19th Century.A.Because they want to make the attendants work faster.B.Because they think fast music can make people eat
41、 more.C.Because hamburgers will become more popular by this way.D.Because they hope customers will spend less time on eating than before.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A) An environment protector. C) An engineer on
42、construction.B) A visiting scholar. D) A tourist who have visited Alaska.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A) It was the largest city of Alaska. C) There were a lot of wild animals around it.B) It was a city of 40,000 people. D) There was no sign of human presence around it.-（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.A.More and more peop
43、le moved in this city.B.Oil was found in this area.C.There are more and more forests outside the city.D.The housing and transportation are improved greatly.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Homeshcooling can provide more time for the families to g
44、et together.B.Homeschooling solves the problem of congestion (拥挤) in one class.C.Homeschooling has a lot of organizations to provide teaching materials.D.Parents have their own religious beliefs.(2).A) Learning social skills. C) Having more preparation for the future.B) Learning more knowledge. D) G
45、etting money from the government.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A) 2 million. C) 50,0000.B) 2.5 million. D) 15,0000.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.It is a kind of costs the students should pay for studies.B.It is a form of financial ai
46、d the students dont have to pay back.C.It is the money that the students get from the colleges.D.It is a kind of loans the students should repay when they have jobs.A.To collect money from students for school.B.To supervise the financial work of school.C.To direct the college entrance exams.D.To ass
47、ist to make money for school.A.Bemuse of the increase of economy.B.Bemuse the schools have to build more buildingsl.C.Mainly because the expenditure on education is reduced.D.Because the schools have to increase the salary of the staff.A.$16000.B.$10600.C.$20700.D.$21700.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)F
48、our-year-rid children are being tested for their ability to recognize simple words and letters in the (36) . They are also being tested for their skills with numbers. Federal education officials say the test will help the Head Start program (37) . The officials will compare the (38) of the children against national (39) in early arithmetic, reading and writing.Local non-profit organizations (40) the programs. The government spends more than six-and-a-half thousand-million dollars a year to pay for Head Start.Federal officials say close to a million children (41) the co
