1、成人本科英语-71 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the fact of friendship for granted, we often dont clearly understand how we make friends. (76)While we get on well with a number of
2、 people, we are usually friends with only a very. few-for example, the average among students is about 6 per person.Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term “friendship“. In all cases, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of closen
3、ess between them and the reasons for their common interest vary greatly.At first, much depends on how people meet, and on favorable first impressions. As we get to know people, we take into account things like age, race, physical attractiveness, economic and social status, and intelligence. Although
4、 these factors are not of chief importance, it is more difficult to relate to people when there is a noticeable difference in age and background.On a more immediate level, we are sensitive to actual behavior, facial expression, and tone of voice. Friends will stand close together and will spend more
5、 time looking at each other than mere acquaintances (熟人) .Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness, and it is because they may transmit(传递)the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty in making friends. A friendly gaze with the wrong facial expression can nm into an aggressive (挑衅
6、的) stare, and nervousness may be misread as hostility. People who dont look one in the eye are mistrusted when, in fact, they simply lack confidence.Some relationships thrive(兴旺)on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and int
7、erests in common- they often talk about“ being on the same wavelength“. It generally takes time to reach this point; sometimes people become friends immediately. (77) The more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to let them
8、down. Equally, friends have to put up with unpleasant habits, and to tolerate difference of opinions.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the evidence in the passage,_.（分数：2.00）A.only one sixth of the students make friendsB.only a very few students make friendsC.everyone likes to make friends with studentsD.o
9、n the average, a student may have about 6 friends(2).People are likely to make friends with _.（分数：2.00）A.rich peopleB.poor peopleC.the interested manD.those who have shared experiences and emotions(3).When we make friends all of the following factors should be considered except _ according to the pa
10、ssage.（分数：2.00）A.appearanceB.social statusC.facial expressionsD.salary(4).In the last paragraph, the phrase “put up with“ would most probably mean _.（分数：2.00）A.to tolerateB.to opposeC.to take an advantageD.to disagree with(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?（分数
11、：2.00）A.Friends have to tolerate unpleasant habits of each other.B.Shy people have trouble making friends.C.Eye behavior is an important factor in making friends.D.Age is one of the most important factors when we make friends.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappoi
12、nted fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory, to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into
13、 three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied th
14、e videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The resea
15、rch shows the optimum(最佳的)distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to im
16、prove the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If kee
17、ping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.（分数：10.00）(1).The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _.（分数：2.00）A.analyse the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB.analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC.set a standard fo
18、r football refereeingD.reexamine the rules for football refereeing(2).The number of refereeing errors in the experimental match was _.A. slightly above average C. quite unexpectedB. higher than in the 1998 World Cup D. as high as in a standard match（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the findings of the
19、experiment imply?（分数：2.00）A.Errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB.The farther the referee is from the incident, the more the errorsC.The more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD.Errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot(4).The word “offi
20、cials“ (Line 2, Par（分数：2.00）A.4) most probably refers to _.A. the inspectors of the football tournamentB. the researchers involved in the experimentC. the referees of the football tournamentD. the observers at the site of the experiment(5).It can be concluded from the experiment that _.（分数：2.00）A.th
21、e ideal retirement age for all experienced football referee is 45B.age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football refereeC.a football referee should be as young and energetic as possibleD.an experienced football referee call do well even when in poor physical condition四、Passage 3(总
22、题数：1，分数：10.00)Modern technology has developed in a manner which often conflicts with the environment. Nevertheless, it is possible and practical to achieve a high level of technology without altering the overall natural environment.There are two basic methods of conserving (保护)the natural environmen
23、t. One is alternative technology in which techniques (such as windmills and solar energy)must be found for providing power. The other is to try to minimize the effects of modem technology by the more efficient use of materials and more effective pollution control. (79)There comes a point when the qu
24、ality of life can no longer be improved because of the high population density(密度)and the largely unsuccessful attempts to meet its demands. Present energy policies of the western world are considering new energy sources to meet the demands of a growing population. The main sources used have been oi
25、l, gas, and coal-which are in limited supply-and nuclear power, which has problems concerning radioactive waste storage.Wind and solar energy are alternative possibilities, but only solar energy is likely to become a main power source for many countries. Many of the materials used daily in a technol
26、ogical society are destined (注定) to be discarded. Rags, paper, metal, glass, and plastics are all substances that could be recycled or reused. Research is being done to determine methods of separating useful products from industrial and domestic waste.(80) The processing of sewage (污水) requires cons
27、iderable amounts of electricity. Many sewage treatment plants in the U.S. have become self- sufficient by using the methane gas(沼气) given off by sewage. This is collected in gas holders and burned to produce heat and create electricity. The solid waste itself is often used for soil enrichment.（分数：10
28、.00）(1).Modern technology is harmful to the natural environment because _.（分数：2.00）A.of industrial pollutionB.it has become too expensiveC.it has become too complicatedD.it consumes all natural resources(2).Alternative technology suggests that _.（分数：2.00）A.new ways be found to bum coal, oil and gasB
29、.solar energy and wind power be consideredC.new ways be found to store radioactive wasteD.the present energy resources be fully used(3).According to the passage, methane gas is used to _.（分数：2.00）A.conserve(保存) industrial residues(废料)B.create recycled paper productsC.provide electricity to process s
30、ewageD.treat with the raw sewage(4).From the passage, we can conclude that _.（分数：2.00）A.conservation technology is a necessityB.nuclear power is the energy source of the futureC.problems of energy conservation are not worldwideD.all the industrial and domestic wastes can be reused and recycled(5).Pr
31、ocessing sewage requires large quantities of _.（分数：2.00）A.waterB.electricityC.gasD.oil五、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.After _ on his couch more than a dozen times, he gave up his attempt to sleep. A. he overturned B. his having turned over C. turning over D. turning up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The k
32、ey _ good health is to eat and sleep regularly. A. to B. for C. of D. in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The rain was heavy and _ the land was flooded. A. consequently B. continuously C. constantly D. consistently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.It took him several months to _ the wild horse. A. tend B. cultivate C. breed D. t
33、ame（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Urban parents have difficulty _ their children into childcare facilities. A. in getting B. get C. to get D. for getting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Little _ when I embarked on this quest(探求)where it would lead me. A. have I know B. had I know C. do I known D. did I know（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7
34、.I suppose that he is serious, _? A. do I B. dont I C. is he D. isnt he（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.All the children are getting excited and looking forward to _ the new film and the film stars. A. see B. seeing C. have seen D. having seen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The street was named _ the hero who gave his life fo
35、r the cause of the people. A. after B. with C. by D. from（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.You _ take your tools in case some machines need repairing. A. had better B. would rather C. would better D. had rather（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Modern medicine and new methods of food production allow adults to live longer and b
36、abies to _ , not die soon after birth. A. survive B. grow up C. exist D. develop（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12._ a fine day, we decided to go out on a picnic. A. Been B. Being C. It was D. It being（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.My shoes are similar to _ you had on yesterday. A. the one B. that C. ones D. the ones（分数：1.00
37、）A.B.C.D.14._ obliging he may be, I dont like him. A. No matter what B. No matter how C. No matter who D. No matter that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.His mind was so _ by the disease that he could not remember what he had done. A. effected B. affected C. influenced D. acted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.Believe it or no
38、t, last year, Matt earned _ his brother, who has a better position in a big company. A. much as twice as B. twice as much as C. as twice much as D. as much as twice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.The two things are the same in outward form but different _. A. in general B. in addition C. in essence D. in common
39、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.On New Years Eve, New York City holds an outdoor _ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people. A. incident B. event C. case D. affair（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.I am _ of your stupid questions. A. annoyed B. worried C. angry D. tired（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.I have no objection _ the e
40、vening with them. A. to spend B. to spending C. of spending D. spending（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.There was nothing _ we could do to prevent the accident. A. which B. what C. that D. as（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.Owing to the bad weather, the match has been _. A. put out B. put over C. put off D. put through（分数：1.
41、00）A.B.C.D.23.He was playing softly _ disturb anyone. A. so as not to B. so as to not C. so not as to D. not so as to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.She _ it but she was too lazy. A. might have finished B. must have finished C. must finish D. could have finished（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.The things I dislike most are
42、doing laundry, washing dishes and _ out of bed in the morning. A. to get B. having to get C. having got D. to have to get（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.“Was the driving pleasant when you vacationed in Beijing last summer?“No, it _ for four days when we arrived. So the roads were very muddy.“ A. was mining B. w
43、ould be raining C. had been raining D. have rained（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Its about time the police _ illegal off course horse betting. A. do away with B. did away with C. did away D. should do away with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Call _ on your way home and tell me how the interview went. A. in B. on C. at D.
44、up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.Without our teachers help, we _ so much. A. didnt achieve B. will not achieve C. dont achieve D. would not have achieved（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Paul is a very _ character; he is never relaxed with strangers. A. self- conscious B. self- confident C. self- serving D. self- satisfied（
45、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Part Identificatio(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.(No matter how) hard he is working, he will (insist) (on) the principle as (hardly) as he can. A. No matter how B. insist C. on D. hardly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.There (are) not many people in this city (which) (own) the houses they (live in). A. ar
46、e B. which C. own D. live in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.(Before design) the building, the architect (studied) the (plans) of other buildings (built near) the site. A. Before design B. studied C. plans D. built near（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.(Having spent) his (last) penny for the cheese, he was determined (to eat)
47、 it all, even thought it tasted (bitterly) to him. A. Having spent B. last C. to eat D. bitterly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.If you (were to) ask Jim what (did he) with (his) money, he would have difficulty (remembering). A. were to B. did he C. his D. remembering（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.(It) is often easier (to
48、select) a particular tool (than to use) (them) correctly. A. It B. to select C. than to use D. them（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.37.His (remark) (made) me (confusing); however, I (understood) later on. A. remark B. made C. confusing D. understood（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.(Although) (both of) them are trying (to get) the scholarship, she has the (highest) grades. A. Although B. both of C. to get D. highest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.39.Mary (must be) over 30 (now); its (about) time she (should get married). A. must be B. now C. abo
