1、成人本科英语-185 及答案解析(总分：108.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)There is an English saying: “Laughter is best medicine.“ Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the huma
2、n body. (76)They have found that laughter really can improve peoples health.Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. (77) It was found that laughter has similar effects to
3、 physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of
4、 pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to prod
5、uce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do
6、not really feel like laughing, making them smile enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.（分数：10.00）(1).It has been proved all of the following except that _.A. smiling does good to health B. laughter can produce painC. there is a way to reduce pain D. laughter can wo
7、rk the muscles in the feet（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The main topic of the passage is _.A. laughter and physical exercise have similar effects on the human bodyB. smile can produce the same effects as laughterC. pain can be reduced by laughterD. laughter is the best medicine（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In one exp
8、eriment, the students who _ tolerated the pain for the longest time.A. listened to sad music B. listened to pop musicC. listened to different programs D. listened to a funny program（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The underlined word “diminish“ can be replaced by _.A. test B. stop C. reduce D. increase（分数：2.00）
9、A.B.C.D.(5).The purpose of doctors holding laughter clinics is _.A. to give better condition to their patients B. to improve patients healthC. to make patients smile D. to prove smile and laughter have the same effect（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Let children learn to judge their own wo
10、rk. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his langua
11、ge like other peoples. (78) In the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught-to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle-compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance
12、to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what his word says, what
13、the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of sayingor doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to h
14、elp the child when he tells that he can t find the way to get the right answer. (79) Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to. measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, the best way for childr
15、en to learn things is by _A. asking older people many questionsB. listening to skilled peoples adviceC. making mistakes and correcting themD. doing what other people do（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following does the author think teachers should NOT do?A. Let children mark their own work.B. Allo
16、w children to make mistakes.C. Point out childrens mistakes to them.D. Give children correct answers.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, teachers in school should _A. allow children to learn from each otherB. point out childrens mistakes whenever foundC. correct childrens mistakes as soon
17、as possibleD. give children more book knowledge（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are _A. different from learning other skillsB. the same as learning other skillsC. not really important skillsD. more important than other skills（分数：1.00）A.B
18、.C.D.(5).The best title for this passage could probably be_A. Let Children Correct Their ExercisesB. Let Us Make Children LearnC. Let Us Teachers Stop WorkD. Let Children Learn By Themselves（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Adam Smith w
19、as the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England.“One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or
20、 three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them.Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pound
21、s of pins a day or about 4, 800 pins a worker. (79) But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one.There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewe
22、r people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, (80) but he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new, i
23、t only enables people to produce more of what they already have.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to_.A. take advantage of the physical laborB. introduce the division of labor into EnglandC. understand the effects of the division of laborD. explain the bad cause
24、s of the division of labor（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Adam Smith saw that the division of labor_.A. enabled each worker to design pins more quicklyB. increased the possible output per workerC. increased the number of people employed in factoriesD. improved the quality of pins produced（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A
25、dam Smith mentioned the number 4, 800 in order to_.A. show the advantages of the old labor systemB. stress how powerful the individual worker wasC. show the advantages of the division of laborD. stress the importance of increased production（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the writer, Adam Smiths mi
26、stake was in believing that the division of labor_.A. was an efficient way of organizing workB. was an important development in methods of productionC. finally led to economic developmentD. increased the production of existing goods（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the author, which one of the follo
27、wing is NOT true?A. Division of labor can enable fewer people to make more pins.B. Division of labor helps people to produce more of what they already have.C. Division of labor is by no means responsible for economic growth.D. Division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D
28、.五、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.The wind was so strong last night that is tore the _ of the ship into two or three pieces.A. mask B. mine C. sail D. satellite（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.On the end of his nose was a _ of thick glasses.A. pair B. setC. couple D. suit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Only residents he
29、re enjoy the _ of using this parking lot.A. privilege B. possibility C. favor D. right（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.You _ not have seen her yesterday, for she was abroad.A. must B. should C. could D. would（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.My father has classes _ day: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.A. each other B. every oth
30、er C. this and the other D. all other（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.This morning Jack came to school late_.A. than usual B. as usual C. like usual D. like usually（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.I think the _ are more important to us than the dead.A. lively B. alive C. living D. lives（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8._explain it to him, he
31、 still didnt understand.A. Hard as I tried to B. As I tried hard toC. Hard I tried to D. Tried as I hard to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.When climbing the hill, John was knocked unconscious by an _ rolling stone.A. untouched B. unfamiliar C. unexpected D. unbelievable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Tom _ the shopkeeper wi
32、th overcharging him for the articles he had bought.A. accused B. charged C. blamed D. criticized（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to _ any further responsibilities.A. take on B. get on C. put up D. took up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Im rather anxious _ her, for I havent heard from her
33、 for a long time.A. toward B. about C. in D. over（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The theory is of great importance _ the hotter a boby is, the more energy it radiates.A. that B. whenC. which D. what（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.She wore clothes _ .A. that was better than the other girls B. that was better than that of th
34、e other girlsC. that were better than that of the other girls D. that were better than those of the other girls（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.They have developed techniques which are _ to those used in most factories.A. more B. better C. greater D. superior（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16._ we can get rid of poUution is st
35、ill a big problem.A. Whether B. If C. that D. what（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.A solid is different from a liquid_the solid has its definite shape.A. in that B. in whichC. in what D. because of which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.He walked across the meeting room _ every one looking at him.A. with B. as C. while D. whe
36、n（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Im very _ to you for your help.A. grateful B. agreeableC. pleased D. satisfied（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.I took the glass very carefully lest it _.A. should damage B. would damageC. had damaged D. should be damaged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.I dont like to disturb you, because youre quite tire
37、d _ working hard today.A. of B. withC. out D. on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.It is no easy job to be a teacher. One has to be extremely patient _ the students.A. at B. about C. on D. with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.If you speak slowly and clearly, the students will _ the meaning.A. take on B. take down C. take in D.
38、 take back（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Lets go out for a walk, _?A. will you B. shall weC. wont you D. wont we（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.The young man promised to his parents, “I would never _ again.“A. let you down B. let you outC. let you in D. let you by（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.It is impossible to live in society and
39、 be independent _ society.A. on B. from C. in D. of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.The firemen are still _ the small fires started by the plane crash.A. taking off B. setting aside C. getting along with D. putting out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Susan didnt _ doing the washing up, as she hadnt wanted to go out anyway.A.
40、 care B. mind C. matter D. object（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.What he has done is far from _ .A. satisfactory B. satisfied C. satisfaction D. satisfy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.It is useless _ about this point now.A. arguing B. to arguing C. to be argued D. to argue（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Part Identificatio(总题数：10，分数：9.0
41、0)31.I have never heard so wonderful piece of music before.A. neverB. heardC. pieceD. before（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.Nancy had (a great deal of) trouble (to concentrate on) her work (because of) the noise (in) the next room.A. a great deal of B. to concentrate onC. because of D. in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.Nei
42、ther John (and) his father was able (to wake up) (early enough) (to catch) the morning train.A. and B. to wake up C. early enough D. to catch（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.I didnt enjoy him singing so softly, though I generally enjoy quiet songs.A. him B. so C. though D. generally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.You (had b
43、etter) (return to) your dormitory and (to enjoy) the company of your room-mates instead of (wasting) time with me.A. had better B. return to C. to enjoy D. wasting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.Im considering _ your offer.A. accept B. accepting C. to accept D. accepted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.37.This sort of punishmen
44、t is applied only to nonviolent criminals who are not _ to be dangerous to the public.A. possible B. probable C. likely D. like（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.38.The conversation had been carried on chiefly in French, a language which Mr. Steward was perfectly acquainted.A. carried onB. in FrenchC. whichD. perfect
45、ly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.39.In order to attain our objective, it is essential that we will make the best use of the limited resources available.A. attainB. essentialC. will makeD. available（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.40.She soon fell asleep being tired of walking all day long.A. fell asleep B. being C. of D. all day
46、 long（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、Part Cloze(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Nowadays more and more foreign enterprises and companies are no longer (76) on interviews for recruitment. Years of studying interviewing has made clear that it is not a very objective (77) Personnel officers often hire the person they like best, or
47、even the one they think most (78) attractive. Looking good is no guarantee of doing the job well, however. Those who are ugly or less beautiful take heart.To get a more (79) view, many companies are also using psychological tests to hire both for high and low positions.The basic reason employers use
48、 tests is clear: tests (80) to be scientific and objective. A large body of research has shown that interviews by themselves are not very reliable as a method of selection. Peoples judgment is often very subjective: whether they like the look of someone counts (81) more than almost anything else. Bu
49、t reliable and valid tests can offer rapid and more objective information about would-be employees. If a candidate talks well in an interview but his test results suggest that he is a (82) person who cannot concentrate, an employer is likely (83) twice about hiring him.Taking a serious test for a job is rather different from taking a gam
