1、成人本科英语-181 及答案解析(总分：95.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Life on land probably began about 430 million years ago, though it has existed in the water for perhaps as long as 3, 000 mil lion years. When we think of the first life on land, we probably think of st
2、range animals coming out of the oceans, but, in fact, no animals could have been living if plants had not been on land first. Plants had to be on land before animals arrived. They supplied the first land animals with food necessary to live, since they are the only form of life that is able to get an
3、d store energy.The first plants to exist out of the water were probably certain kinds of algae(海藻) which were followed by other plants that grew close to the ground near water and needed water in which to repro duce. Once the move to land had been made, however, evolution (进化) took place quickly. By
4、 the end of 100 million years, plants had developed their roots, and some developed tall tree like forms, since height was very important in competing for sunlight. About 300 million years ago, much of the world was covered with forests of huge trees. In most ways they were like modern trees. They h
5、ad roots, leaves, wood, but mostly they had not developed seeds.（分数：5.00）(1).The main idea of the first paragraph is _.A. life on land probably began about 4, 300 years agoB. the first animal on land came from oceansC. there wouldnt be animals without plantsD. plants are the only form of life that i
6、s able to get and store energy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is true?A. Algae have existed for more than 430 million years.B. It is impossible that algae might be the earliest plant on land.C. Plants get food from animals in the oceans.D. Evolution began after animals appeared on land.（
7、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Plants with roots appeared about _ million years ago.A. 430 B. 300C. 330 D. 100（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, the higher a tree grows, _.A. the stronger it becomes B. the more sunlight it will getC. the thinner it will be D. the thicker it will be（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
8、(5).The first trees were like modern trees in most ways except that _.A. they do not have branches B. they do not have flowersC. they do not have seeds D. they do not need sunlight（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A littl
9、e-known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living in developing countries.It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in develop
10、ing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk? One of the biggest worries f
11、or governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability (残疾). Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state. Another significant problem is the need
12、for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African countries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of ol
13、der people. As society changes, attitudes will change. Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment. Lifelong learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a countrys development.Social security policies need to be established to pr
14、ovide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.（分数：5.00）(1).The proportion of older people _.A. is bigger in developed countries than in developing countriesB. is one-seventh of the population in developing countri
15、esC. will increase much faster in China than in FranceD. will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to passage, which of the foUowing are governments most worried about?A. The diseases and disability of older people.B. The longer life and good health of peopl
16、e.C. The loss of taxes on older people.D. The increasing respect for older people.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following measure is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?A. Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.B. Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.C.
17、Providing free health care for sick older people.D. Supplying lifelong learning programs to older people.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author concludes in the last paragraph that _.A. governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problemB. population ageing is a hard problem, but it needs to
18、be solved urgentlyC. people are too busy to solve the population ageing problemD. much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It is stated directly in the passage that older people should _.A. be treated differently in different culturesB. enjoy a similar life
19、styleC. be ignored as society changesD. be valued by the younger generations（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machin
20、ery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe“, said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant.“ It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth-century
21、agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important
22、 of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would have none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the we
23、eds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1896, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.（分数：10.00）(1).The Word “here“ (Para, 1, Line 4) refers to _.A. Europe B. AmericaC. New Jersey D. Indiana（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of t
24、he following statements is NOT true?A. The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in America.B. The farmer rejected Charles Newbolts plow for fear of ruin of their fields.C. Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery.D. It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was
25、 produced.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The passage is mainly about _.A. the agriculture revolutionB. the invention of labor-saving machineryC. the development of scientific agricultureD. the farming machinery in America（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).At the opening of the nineteenth-century, farmers in America _.A. pr
26、eferred light toolsB. were extremely self-reliant (自给的)C. had many toolsD. had very few tools（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It is implied but not stated in the passage that _.A. there was a shortage of workers on American farmsB. the most important of the early invention was the iron plowC. after 1869, many p
27、eople devoted their attention to the plowD. Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plow（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.We hurried to the station _ find ourselves three hours earlier for the train.A. only to B. in order to C. so as to D. such as to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
28、.2._, the new medicine is now in mass production.A. With the solved problemB. With this problem being solvedC. With the problem solvedD. With this problem to solve（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The business of doctors is to prevent and _ disease.A. kill B. cure C. wound D. injure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Dont worry me
29、 now, I will mend that coatAby and by Boff and on Cback and forth Dnow and then（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.He used to get up late, _?A. did not he B. did heC. didnt he D. use he（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Tom _ more than twenty pounds for the dictionary.A. spent B. paidC. cost D. took（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The river here
30、 is very wide but _ , so you can walk across it.A. narrow B. arrow C. shallow D. hollow（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.We were delighted to find the trees planted a year before _ very tall.A. growing B. being grown C. having been growing D. grown（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.This kind of cloth _ well and _ long.A. is washe
31、d.lasts B. washes.lastsC. washes.is lasted D. is washed.lasted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.He gave no opinion about the matter because he didnt want to risk _ in it.A. to involve B. being involved C. to be involved D. involving（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Speaker A: I just saw an ad. on television that said mens suit
32、s were on sale today and tomorrow at Conrads Mens Wear.Speaker B: Great ! Thats _!A. a wonderful time B. just what Ive been waiting forC. just what I want to watch D. what you want to tell me then（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.You _ yesterday if you were really serious about the job.A. ought to come B. ought t
33、o be comingC. ought to have come D. ought have come（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He didnt _ and so he failed the examination.A. work enough hard B. work hard enoughC. hard work enough D. hard enough work（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Do you think Stephen Hawkins is the greatest man _?A. alive B. lively C. live D. living
34、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.As we know, physics _ the science of energy.A. was B, wereC. is D. are（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.Suddenly he heard someone _ gently on the window.A. knock B. knocking C. knocked D. to knock（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.I couldnt understand why he pretended _ in the bookstroe.A. to see me not B. n
35、ot to see meC. not see me D. to see not me（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.If someone is in the United States for good, it means he is there _.A. to do good B. temporarilyC. to rest well D. permanently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Without computers, much of the advanced technology _A. would not be achieved B. would not be
36、 achieveC. havent achieved D. would not have been achieved（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.They had a pleasant chat _ a cup of coffee.A. for B. with C. during D. over（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21._ many people prefer coffee, he drinks tea as usual.A. While B. BesidesC. Because of D. Except（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22._ he realized
37、 it was too late to return home.A. No sooner it grew dark when B. It was not until dark thatC. Scarcely it grew dark than D. While it grew dark that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.What can we do for them _ all the help they have given us?A. in regard to B. in return for C. in honour of D. in reply to（分数：1.00）A.
38、B.C.D.24.Do not trust such men _ often like to praise you to your face.A. who B. that C. as D. they（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25._ by Columbus, all the arguments came to an end.A. The New land was discovered B. Was the New Land discoveredC. With the New Land discovering D. With the New Land discovered（分数：1.00
39、）A.B.C.D.26.But for their help, we _.A. shouldnt succeedB. could not have succeededC. will not succeedD. should not have succeeded（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27._, hell make a first-class tennis player.AGiving time BTo give time CGiven time DBeing given time（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Do you think Stephen Hawkins is t
40、he greatest man_?A. alive B. lively C. live D. living（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.Johnnys mouth watered at the _ of the delicious cake.A. sight B. light C. touch D. notice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.She found herself _ forward more and more eagerly to the holiday at home.A. looking B. bringing C. desiring D. expecti
41、ng（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Part Identificatio(总题数：10，分数：7.50)31.When I finished the story, Lenin jumped from his chair and started to pace the floor, _, deep in thought.A. with his head bending B. his head bendingC. his head bent D. bending his head（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.The witness claimed _ a man outside t
42、he house, but he was not sure whether this was the man.A. to see B. to have seen C. that he was D. that he has seen（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.33.Georges daughter tried in vain to talk him _ accusing his neighbor.A. round B. over C. into D. of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.A warm thought suddenly (came to) me (which) I m
43、ight (use) the pocket money to buy some flowers (for) my mothers birthday.A. came to B. which C. use D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.(If) the experiment succeeds or fails, it will (provide us) with valuable (experience) which is essential to (improving) our future work.A. If B. provide us C. experience D.
44、 improving（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.Factory workers (had to) work (very hard) before, (so) (had farmers).Ahad to Bvery had Cso Dhad farmers（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.37.It was when she was about to go to bed while the telephone rang.A. whenB. aboutC. to goD. while（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.Many women now take active part
45、in sports and _ of different kinds and enjoy doing so after giving birth to their children.A. races B. games C. matches D. events（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.39.Mikes uncle insists _ in this hotel.A. staying not B. not to stayC. that he would not stay D. that he not stay（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.40.The way (which) the d
46、ifferent kinds of rock (lie on) (one another) helps to tell the story (of long ago).A. which B. lie on C. one another D. of long ago（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.七、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words, which makes up the whole vocabulary. First, there are th
47、ose words (56) which we become familiar in daily conversation, which we (57) , that is to say, from the (58) of our own family and from our friends, and (59) we should know and use (60) we could not read or write. They (61) the common things of life with all the people who (62) the language. Such wo
48、rds may be called “popular“, since they belong to the people (63) and are not excluded (64) a limited class.On the other hand, our language (65) a large number of words which are comparatively (66) used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little
49、(67) to use them at home or in the market-place. Our (68) acquaintance (熟悉) with them comes not from our mothers (69) or from the talk of our schoolmates, (70) from books that we read, lectures that we (71) , or the more (72) conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular (73) in a style properly hi
