1、大学六级-56 及答案解析(总分：667.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.现在许多大学生花钱大手大脚；2. 有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一无可厚非；3. 我的观点。On the Restraint of Spending_（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the question
2、s on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Happy Earth DayThe Good NewsHeres the good news: our air is cleaner, our lakes are purer, our forests ar
3、e healthier, endangered species are recovering, toxic emissions are down, and acid rain has diminished dramatically. And yet, if youve looked at a newspaper or watched the evening news lately, you might think our environment is under siege (围攻). Media coverage of the environment is heavy on doomsday
4、, but the truth is not at all bleak: nearly all environmental trends in the United States are positive and have been for years-if not decades.Eco-legislation, green organizations, corporate cooperation and new inventions have all quietly steered our environment in a positive direction. We cant affor
5、d to be complacent(自满的), though-especially when it comes to greenhouse gases, since global warming is the one huge problem we havent really tackled. But almost every measure taken by government agencies and grass-roots efforts to improve the environment has shown encouraging results-usually faster t
6、han expected and at a lower cost. Now thats good news.Scientists and environmentalists think that even the worrisome fact of global warming can be ameliorated(改善). There is a strong scientific consensus that the global warming threat requires action, but if current environmental trends persist and t
7、he reduction of most pollutants continues to be accomplished taster and more cheaply than expected, we may be able to control and reduce greenhouse gases in both affordable and practical ways.Consider some of the environmental improvements the United States has witnessed over the last three decades.
8、Improved Air QualityTake a nice, big cleansing breath. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, emissions of the primary smog-causing chemicals from cars and trucks have declined 54 percent since 1970, even though the number of registered cars and trucks has more than doubled, from 108,407,
9、000 to 230,428,000, and they are now driven one and a half times as far annually.Keep breathing, because the fine particulates linked to respiratory disease, including those sometimes seen as soot(煤烟), are down by about one-third since 1979 (though fewer cities were surveyed back then ). The level o
10、f carbon monoxide, a dangerous odorless gas, is down 53 percent since 1970. And emissions of sulfor dioxide, often the major culprit behind acid rain, arc down 49 percent since 1970, despite the Fact that the United States now burns far more coal, the main source of this pollutant.These improvements
11、 have translated into better air quality for millions of Americans. Between 1976 and 1990, the Los Angeles area averaged some 150 days per year in violation of federal smog standards; in 2004, that figure dropped to just 27 violation days, the fewest ever for that city.And, in case you are wondering
12、, federal standards have become stricter, not weaker, during this period. Of course, there is more to be donee27 smog days in Los Angeles are still 27 too many, and Atlanta, Houston and other cities continue to experience air-pollution problems. But overall, air-quality trends are strongly positive.
13、 Now, exhale.Better Water QualityOther environmental trends are equally encouraging. Water quality has improved, too, and rates of waterborne disease are also in decline. Its hard to believe, but just a generation ago, factories and municipal plants actually discharged untreated wastewater directly
14、into rivers; today, though some raw sewage often makes it to waterways, almost all wastewater in the United States is treated before discharge.Even our largest metropolises have seen dramatic changes in their waterways. Remember when the filthy condition of Boston Harbor became a contentious issue i
15、n the 1988 presidential campaign? Today, Boston Harbor is sparkling again. The Potomac River, which in the 1960s literally gave off a stench(恶臭), now boasts a thriving waterfront restaurant scene. And the Chicago River, a virtual open sewer in the 1960s, now hosts charming dinner cruises.Innovation
16、Goes GreenInvention has always been an important force in American history. When major reductions in automobile pollution were first mandated by the Clean Air Act of 1970, automakers either called the goals impossible or claimed that cars would become ruinously expensive. Then the catalytic converte
17、r was invented. This device reduces the level of many pollutants from automobile exhaust both cheaply and reliably.Today, it is estimated that new cars and light trucks emit just 3 to 4 percent of the amount of pollution that a new car would have emitted in 1968, before regulation; soon cars emittin
18、g less than 1 percent could be seen driving around your neighborhood.Other inventions, such as an enormous device known as the electrostatic precipitator, have reduced severe emissions from power-plant smokestacks, eliminated toxic substances from manufacturing processes, and replaced CFCs, the chem
19、icals that cause ozone-layer depletion, with other more benign compounds. And by the way, the ozone layer appears to be restoring itself.Legislation in ActionGovernment regulation has also been an important force in the drive to protect the environment. The reason the catalytic converter and other a
20、ntipollution devices were invented in the first place is because the government required big reductions in pollution, via the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and other legislation. Some environmental regulation may be too cumbersome(麻烦的) and needs to be streamlined-standards can vary wildly between r
21、egions-but there isnt any doubt that environmental regulation actually works.Citizens for ChangeIndividual activism has been another important factor in the amazing progress we have seen in our natural world. Without the continued pressure from environmentalists, antipollution legislation would not
22、have been enacted, and many pollution-reducing devices would not have been invented. Grass-roots organizations have been particularly essential to the ongoing creation and maintenance of new parks, wildlife refuges and protected forests.Corporations Clean UpBusinesses that once resisted environmenta
23、l rules now generally comply. When companies started losing lawsuits regarding their chemical emissions, the idea of toxic reduction became rather popular in corporate boardrooms. But many corporations today seem to have genuinely come to believe that environmental protection is good for the country
24、, good for the economy and, therefore, good for business. Getting a head start on the future, several big manufacturers, such as Alcoa, Boeing and Whirlpool, have already taken steps to reduce their companies greenhouse gas emissions.Alcoa, for example, has initiated a plan to use improved technolog
25、y to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions 25 percent by 2010. The company also has extensive tree-planting programs near many of its operations and service areas, and Alcoa helps fund environmental nonprofits. Boeing and Whirlpool, meanwhile, are working to meet emissions reduction targets even thoug
26、h no federal law yet requires this.Business leaders, environmentalists, regulators and inventors are working toward the same goal. Thats certainly an odd mix-not clearly Republican or Democratic, not clearly left-wing or right-wing. And maybe thats the biggest reason you rarely hear about environmen
27、tal progress. Current trends do not fit any preconceived (预想的) ideological notions. The political left wants to believe that industry is destroying the planet, and refuses to consider the evidence that business and the environment are making peace. The political right wants to believe that regulatio
28、ns are destroying the country, and refuses to consider the evidence that the longest period of economic expansion in American history occurred during the very period when pollution was in the midst of its big decline. However, todays reality-an improving environment without economic harm- does not f
29、it with anyones scare-tactic fund-raising or cheap-shot political campaigns.Miles to GoDo the positive trends mean that environmental protection is no longer a concem? Absolutely not. Many problems remain, among them the loss of wildlife habitat in suburban expansion areas, chemical runoff from near
30、ly unrestricted agriculture, and low miles-per-gallon SUVs, which cause waste by burning excessive gas. Beyond these setbacks stands the specter (幽灵) of artificially triggered climate change. Global warming may be the Super Bowl of environmental problems, since it could impact all of Earth.But just
31、bear this in mind: in every place where nations have imposed strict environmental standards, negative trends turned to positive very quickly. Earth, after all, has proved throughout the eons(万古) to be nothing if not resilient(能复原的) . This gives us good reason to hope that if we act to solve the envi
32、ronmental problems that still remain, we will achieve rapid progress against them too. Now thats a reason to say Happy Earth Day!（分数：70.00）(1).What is the one huge problem that we havent really solved? A. Global warming. B. Acid rain. C. Toxic emission. D. Environment.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Scientists
33、 and environmentalists think that global warming can be _ A. continued B. improved C. controlled D. reduced（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which year is the fewest in violation of federal smog standards in Los Angeles? A. 1976 B. 1979 C. 1990 D. 2004（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following provides dinner c
34、ruises now? A. The Potomac River B. Boston Harbor C. The Chicago RiverD. The Mississippi River（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The electrostatic precipitator has got rid of _ from manufacturing processes. A. severe emissions B. ozune-layer depletionC. many pollutants D. toxic substances（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Ther
35、e is no doubt that environmental regulation _ A. is cumbersome B. produces an effect C. varies wildly D. needs to be streamlined（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Antipollution legislations have been enacted thanks to the continued pressure from _ A. grass-roots organizations B. individual activism C. environment
36、alistsD. environmental regulation（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).When companies started losing lawsuits regarding their chemical emissions, the idea of toxic reduction became rather popular in _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Boeing and Whirlpool, meanwhile, are working to meet emissions reduction targets even though _（分数
37、：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).This gives us good reason to hope that if we act to solve the environmental problems that still remain, we will _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.
38、At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best a
39、nswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.（分数：35.00）(1). A. 1:50. B. 1:55. C. 2:00. D. 2:05.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The photograph is not good enough to send. B. The photograph was not taken at the Grand Canyon. C. They already sent Mary a pho
40、tograph of their vacation. D. Sending pictures through the mail is too expensive.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. She should have asked to be excused from the trip. B. She deserves the zero. C. She is fight to be angry. D. She should have gone on the field trip,（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. He wants to live offc
41、ampus. B. There are advantages and disadvantages to living off campus. C. Living space in the dorm is crowded. D. There are only a few apartments available off campus.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Turn down the volume of the music. B. Turn the music off. C. Play a different style of music. D. Listen to m
42、usic in a different room.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Move some boxes. B. Read history books. C. Attend history classes. D. Watch the boxing game.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Cancel their assignment. B. Allow them to hand in their assignment a few days later. C. Help them to write part of the assi
43、gnment. D. Explain to them what the assignment was.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He should have read the book instead ofguing to the movie. B. He should have gone to the movie instead of reading the book. C. Reading the book will help the man understand the movie better. D. She thinks the book is easier
44、to understand than the movie.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Conversation One Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Apply immediately with any credit card. B. Fill out the membership application form. C. Pay a membership fee. D. Buy certain items in the store.（分数：7
45、.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. It bills the customer once a month. B. Its a kind of ATM cards. C. Its a kind of credit cards. D. It takes out the money from the customers bank account.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. In a grocery store. B. In a bank. C. In a book store. D. In a post office.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Conversatio
46、n Two Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Its next to Pueblo. B. Its in the southwest of the U.S. C. Its a city of India. D. Its outside the city Pueblo.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Stone jewelry. B. Beautiful stone. C. Arts and crafts. D. Amazing pain
47、tings.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Yaos Pueblo. B. Apache. C. Navajo. D.Ute.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. For almost a thousand years. B. For a few decades. C. For a century. D. For several years.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At th
48、e end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1). A. People can use nearly 75 percent of it. B. People can use about 97 percent of it. C. People can u
