1、大学六级-36 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Preparing for Disasters by commenting the proverb, “Disaster occurs when you forget it. “ You should write at least 150 words but no more than 20
2、0 words.Preparing for Disasters（分数：103.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For quest
3、ions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Seven ways to Save the WorldForget the old idea that conserving energy is a form of self-denialriding bicycles, dimming the lights, and taking fewer showers. These days conservation is all about efficiency: getting the same
4、or better results from just a fraction of the energy. When a slump in business travel forced Ulrich Ramer to cut costs at his family-owned hotel in Germany, he replaced hundreds of the hotels wasteful light bulbs, getting the same light for 80 percent less power. He bought a new water boiler with a
5、digitally controlled pump, and wrapped insulation around the pipes. Spending about 100,000 on these and other improvements, he slashed his 90,000 fuel and power bill by 60,000. As a bonus, the hotels lower energy needs have reduced its annual carbon emissions by more than 200 metric tons. “For us, s
6、aving energy has been very, very profitable,“ he says. “And most importantly, were not giving up a single comfort for our guests.“Efficiency is also a great way to lower carbon emissions and help slow global warming. But the best argument for efficiency is its costor, more precisely, its profitabili
7、ty. Thats because quickly growing energy demand requires immense investment in new supply, not to mention the drain of rising energy prices.No wonder efficiency has moved to the top of the political agenda. On Jan. 10, the European Union unveiled a plan to cut energy use across the continent by 20 p
8、ercent by 2020. Last March, China imposed a 20 percent increase in energy efficiency by 2020. Even George W. Bush, the Texas oilman, is expected to talk about energy conservation in his State of the Union speech this week.The good news is that the world is full of proven, cheap ways to save energy.
9、Here are the seven that could have the biggest impact.InsulateSpace heating and cooling eats up 36 percent of all the worlds energy. Theres virtually no limit to how much of that can be saved, as prototype “zero-energy homes“ in Switzerland and Germany have shown. Theres been a surge in new ways of
10、keeping heat in and cold out (or vice versa). The most advanced insulation follows the law of increasing returns: if you add enough you can scale down or even eliminate heating and air-conditioning equipment, lowering costs even before you start saving on utility bills. Studies have shown that green
11、 workplaces (ones that dont constantly need to have the heat or air-conditioner running)have higher worker productivity and lower sick rates.Change BulbsLighting eats up 20 percent of the worlds electricity, or the equivalent of roughly 600,000 tons of coal a day. Forty percent of that powers old-fa
12、shioned incandescent light bulbsa 19th-century technology that wastes most of the power it consumes on unwanted heat.Compact fluorescent lamps, or CFIS, not only use 75 to 80 percent less electricity than incandescent bulbs to generate the same amount of light, but they also last 10 times longer. Ph
13、asing old bulbs out by 2030 would save the output of 650 power plants and avoid the release of 700 million tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year.Comfort ZoneWater boilers, space heaters and air conditioners have been notoriously inefficient. The heat pump has altered that equation. It removes
14、 heat from the air outside or the ground below and uses it to supply heat to a building or its water supply. In the summer, the system can be reversed to cool buildings as well.Most new residential buildings in Sweden are already heated with ground-source heat pumps. Such systems consume almost no c
15、onventional fuel at all. Several countries have used subsidies to jump-start the market, including Japan, where almost one million heat pumps have been installed in the past two years to heat water for showers and hot tubs.Remake FactoriesFrom steel mills to paper factories, industry eats up about a
16、 third of the worlds energy. The opportunities to save are vast. In Ludwigshafen, German chemicals giant BASF runs an interconnected complex of more than 200 chemical factories, where heat produced by one chemical process is used to power the next. At the Ludwigshafen site alone, such recycling of h
17、eat and energy saves the company 200 million a year and almost half its CO2 emissions. Now BASF is doing the same for new plants in China. “Optimizing (优化)energy efficiency is a decisive competitive advantage,“ says BASF CEO Jurgen Hambrecht.Green DrivingA quarter of the worlds energyincluding two t
18、hirds of the annual production of oilis used for transportation. Some savings come free of charge: you can boost fuel efficiency by 6 percent simply by keeping your cars tires properly inflated(充气). Gasoline-electric hybrid(混合型的)models like the Toyota Prius improve mileage by a further 20 percent ov
19、er conventional models.A Better FridgeMore than half of all residential power goes into running household appliances, producing a fifth of the worlds carbon emissions. And thats true even though manufacturers have already hiked the efficiency of refrigerators and other white goods by as much as 70 p
20、ercent since the 1980s. According to an International Energy Agency study, if consumers chose those models that would save them the most money over the life of the appliance, theyd cut global residential power consumption (and their utility bills) by 43 percent.Flexible PaymentWho says you have to p
21、ay for all your conservation investments? “Energy service contractors“ will pay for retrofitting (翻新改造) in return for a share of the clients annual utility-bill savings. In Beijing, Shenwu Thermal Energy Technology Co. specializes in retrofitting Chinas steel furnaces. Shenwu puts up the initial inv
22、estment to install a heat exchanger that preheats the air going into the furnace, slashing the clients fuel costs. Shenwu pockets a cut of those savings, so both Shenwu and the client profit.If saving energy is so easy and profitable, why isnt everyone doing it? It has to do with psychology and a la
23、ck of information. Most of us tend to look at todays price tag more than tomorrows potential saving. That holds double for the landlord or developer, who wont actually see a penny of the savings his investment in better insulation or a better heating system might generate. In many peoples minds, con
24、servation is still associated with self-denial. Many environmentalists still push that view. Smart governments can help push the market in the right direction. The EUs 1994 law on labeling was such a success that it extended the same idea to entire buildings last year. To boost the market value of e
25、fficiency, all new buildings are required to have an “energy pass“ detailing power and heating consumption. Countries like Japan and Germany have successively tightened building codes, requiring an increase in insulation levels but leaving it up to builders to decide how to meet them.The most powerf
26、ul incentives, of course, will come from the market itself. Over the past year, sky- high fuel prices have focused minds on efficiency like never before. Ever-increasing pressure to cut costs has finally forced more companies to do some math on their energy use. Will it be enough? With global demand
27、 and emissions rising so fast, we may not have any choice but to try. Efficient technology is here now, proven and cheap. Compared with all other options, its the biggest, easiest and most profitable bang for the buck.（分数：70.00）(1).What is said to be best way to conserve energy nowadays? A. Improvin
28、g efficiency. B. Cutting unnecessary costs. C. Finding alternative resources. D. Sacrificing some personal comforts.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the European Union plan to do? A. Diversify energy supply. B. Cut energy consumption. C. Reduce carbon emissions. D. Raise production efficiency.（分数：7.00
29、）A.B.C.D.(3).If you add enough insulation to your house, you may be able to _. A. improve your work environment B. cut your utility bills by half C. get rid of air-conditioners D. enjoy much better health（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How much of the power for lighting is consumed by incandescent bulbs? A. A
30、small portion. B. 40 percent. C. Almost half. D. 75 to 80 percent.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Some countries have tried to jump-start the market of heat pumps by _. A. upgrading the equipment B. encouraging investments C. implementing high-tech D. providing subsidies（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).German chemicals gi
31、ant BASF saves 200 million a year by _. A. recycling heat and energy B. setting up factories in China C. using the newest technology D. reducing the CO2 emissions of its plants（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Global residential power consumption can be cut by 43 percent if _. A. we increase the insulation of wa
32、lls and water pipes B. we choose simpler models of electrical appliances C. we cut down on the use of refrigerators and other white goods D. we choose the most efficient models of refrigerators and other white goods（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Energy service contractors profit by taking a part of clients _.
33、（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Many environmentalists maintain the view that conservation has much to do with _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The strongest incentives for energy conservation will derive from _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you
34、 will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four c
35、hoices marked A), B) , C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）(1). A. Proceed in his own way. B. Stick to the original plan. C. Compromise with his colleague. D. Try to change his colleagues
36、 mind.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Mary has a keen eye for style. B. Nancy regrets buying the dress. C. Nancy and Mary went shopping together in Rome. D. Nancy and Mary like to follow the latest fashion.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Wash the dishes. B. Go to the theatre. C. Pick up George and Martha. D. Take
37、 her daughter to hospital.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. She enjoys making up stories about other people. B. She can never keep anything to herself for long. C. She is eager to share news with the woman. D. She is the best informed woman in town.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. A car dealer. B. A mechanic. C. A d
38、riving examiner. D. A technical consultant.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. The shopping mall has been deserted recently. B. Shoppers can only find good stores in the mall. C. Lots of people moved out of the downtown area. D. There isnt much business downtown nowadays.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He w
39、ill help the woman with her reading. B. The lounge is not a place for him to study in. C. He feels sleepy whenever he tries to study. D. A cozy place is rather hard to find on campus.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. To protect her from getting scratches. B. To help relieve her of the pain. C. To prevent mos
40、quito bites. D. To avoid getting sun burnt.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. In a studio. B. In a clothing store. C. At a beach resort. D. At a fashion show.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. To live there permanently. B. To stay there for
41、 half a year. C. To find a better job to support herself. D. To sell leather goods for a British company.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. It has been a steady decline in its profits. B. It has become much more competitive. C. It has lost many customers to foreign companies. D. It has attracted a lot more de
42、signers from abroad.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Interviewing a movie star. B. Discussing teenage role models. C. Hosting a television show. D. Reviewing a new biography.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He lost his mother. B. He was
43、 unhappy in California. C. He missed his aunt. D. He had to attend school there.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He delivered public speeches. B. He got seriously into acting. C. He hosted talk shows on TV. D. He played a role in East of Eden.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. He made numerous popular movies. B. He h
44、as long been a legendary figure. C. He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies. D. He was the most successful actor of his time.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both
45、 the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from, the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on th
46、e passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years. B. To reform railroad management in western European countries. C. To electrify the railway lines between major European cities. D. To set up an express train network throughout Eur
47、ope.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Major European airlines will go bankrupt. B. Europeans will pay much less for traveling. C. Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half. D. Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. T
48、rain travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel. B. Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane. C. Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport. D. Traveling by train may be as quick as, or even quicker than, by air.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. In 1981. B. In 1989. C. In 1990. D. In 2000.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. There c
