1、大学六级-27 及答案解析(总分：633.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.现在不少大学生使用信用卡消费； 2.人们对此褒贬不一； 3.谈谈你的看法。（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to read the passages quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-4, markY (f
2、or YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Cl
3、oningThe world was stunned by the news in the summer of 1995, when a British embryologist named Ian Wilmut, and his research team, successfully cloned Dolly the sheep using the technique of nuclear transfer. Replacing the DNA of one sheeps egg with the DNA of another sheeps the team created Dolly. P
4、lants and lower forms of animal life have been successfully cloned for many years, but before Wilmuts announcement, it had been thought by many to be unlikely that such a procedure could be performed on larger mammals and life forms. The world media was immediately filled with heated discussions abo
5、ut the ethical implications of cloning.Some of the most powerful people in the world have felt compelled to act against this threat. President Clinton swiftly imposed a ban on federal funding for human-cloning research. Bills were put in the works in both houses of Congress to outlaw human cloning b
6、ecause it was deemed as a fundamentally evil thing that must be stopped. But what, exactly, is bad about it? From an ethical point of view, it is difficult to see exactly what is wrong with cloning human beings. The people who are afraid of cloning tend to assume that someone would, for example, bre
7、ak into Napoleons Tomb, steal some DNA and make a bunch of emperors. In reality, infertile people who use donated sperm, eggs, or embryos would probably use cloning. Do the potential harms outweigh the benefits of cloning? From what we know now, they dont. Therefore, we should not rush placing a ban
8、 on a potentially useful method of helping infertile, genetically at-risk, homosexual, or single people to become parents.Do human beings have a right to reproduce? No one has the moral right to tell another person that they should not be able to have children, and I dont see why Bill Clinton has th
9、at right either. If humans have a right to reproduce, what right does society have to limit the means? Essentially all reproduction done these days is with medical help at delivery, and even before. Truly natural human reproduction would make pregnancy-related death the number one killer of adult wo
10、men.Some forms of medical help are more invasive than others. With in-vitro fertilization, the sperm and egg are combined in a lab and surgically implanted in the womb. Less than two decades ago, a similar concern was raised over the ethical issues involving “test-tube babies“. Today, nearly 30,000
11、such babies have been born in the United States alone. This miracle has made many parents happy. So what principle says that one combination of genetic material in a flask is acceptable, but not another?Nature clones people all the time. Approximately one in 1,000 births is an identical twin. Howeve
12、r, despite how many or how few individual characteristics twins have in common, they are still different people. They have their own identities, their own thoughts, and their own rights. They enter different occupations, get different diseases, and have different experiences with marriage, alcohol,
13、community leadership, etc. Twins have different personalities as would cloned individuals. Even if someone cloned several Napoleons, each would be different and even more unique than twins; the cloned child would be raised in a different setting. Therefore, cloning does not rob individuals of their
14、personality.Perhaps the strongest ethical argument against cloning is that it could lead to a new, unfamiliar type of family relationship. We have no idea what it would be like to grow up as the child of parents who seem to know you from the inside. Some psychological characteristics may be biologic
15、ally, or genetically, based. The parent would know in advance what crises a cloned teenager could go through and how he or she will respond. Because the parents may understand what the child is going through, to greater degree than most parents, it may produce a good and loving relationship in the l
16、ong run. On the other hand, most children want to have their own space. Simply because a family relationship is new and untried is no reason to automatically condemn it. In the past, many types of family relationships were considered harmful, but later showed to cause no harm to the children. Among
17、these is joint custody after divorce, gay and lesbian parenting, and interracial adoption. As with adoption, in vitro fertilization, and the use of donor sperm, how the child will react to the news about his or her arrival in this world will depend on how the parents feel about their mode of reprodu
18、ction. Parents and children may adjust to cloning far more easily than we might think, just as it happened with in vitro fertilization.One recurring image in anti-cloning propaganda is of some evil dictator raising an army of cloned warriors. But who is going to raise such an army. Clones start out
19、life as babies. It is much easier to recruit young adults than to take care of babies for twenty years. Remember that cloning isnt the same as genetic engineering. No one can make another superman and his super powers might have a slim chance of being genetically determined, but nothing is certain.S
20、ome might think that cloning is playing God. However, can you really say that you know Gods intentions? There is substantial disagreement as to what Gods will is. Armstrong wrote, anyone who has truly proved that God exists, that God isnt only Creator, but Life-giver, Designer, Sustainer, and Ruler
21、over all his creation, knows that the human family began with one man, and that together with him a wife, miraculously created from his own body and as unique and original a creation as Adam himself, formed the first family. Though Gods miraculous creation of Eve was far from cloning, it is interest
22、ing to note in passing that Gods own Word says He used Adams ribphysical bone and tissue-to create Eve?Another argument against cloning is that it would only be available to the wealthy and, therefore, .would increase social inequality. What else is new? This is the story“ of American health care. W
23、e need a better health care system, not a ban on new technologies. Hopefully our new president will help us with this problem as well.The U. S. Federal Government should not deem human cloning and cloning research illegal. It may provide a way for completely sterile or homosexual individuals to repr
24、oduce, and will probably provide valuable basic research and possible spin-off technologies related to reproduction and development. Our society has respected general rights to control ones body regarding reproduction, and finally prohibiting it would violate the fundamental freedom of scientific in
25、quiring.Will human cloning be done? Undoubtedly. The technique used in sheep cloning does not require a highly sophisticated laboratory. Since the United States government does not support research on human cloning, and the United Kingdom, France, and Germany have banned it, the research making clon
26、ing possible may take place in Asia, Eastern Europe, or the East. Much cloning may also take place in secret, and will occur regardless of United States policies. Approximately eighty percent of Americans feel that cloning is wrong. However, the vast majority of people, including those who rail agai
27、nst cloning research, owe their lives to previous medical discoveries. Dont let the forces of ignorance and fear turn us away from new types of research.（分数：70.00）(1).Cloning large mammals and life forms had been practiced for many years by the time Dolly was cloned.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).The tomb of N
28、apoleon has already been broken into and samples of genes have been collected.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).The introduction of human cloning may reduce a great amount of death of adult women.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).In vitro fertilization is much better than natural birth in terms of safety.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).Id
29、entical twins can still have different personalities because they are brought up_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).The reason why in a family with a cloned child there is likely to be a good and loving relationship is the parents better understanding of_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).Compared with cloning human and bringi
30、ng them up as an army, it would be much cheaper to_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).Some worry that human cloning as a potential privilege for the rich might contribute to_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).The illegalization of human cloning by the government may erase the hope of people like_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Since hum
31、an cloning can not be done in the U. S., the U. K., France and Germany, researchers can still conduct their researches in Asia, Eastern Europe, or the East, much in_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conve
32、rsations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C an
33、d D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. （分数：35.00）(1). A. Check out the dormitory. B. Protect her privacy. C. Live in the dormitory. D. Rent an apartment.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Shes killing herself with t
34、he toothache. B. She should make the appointment soon. C. She should remember the name of the dentist. D. She should not have delayed seeing the dentist.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Salesman and customer. B. Reporter and interviewee. C. Judge and jury. D. Doctor and patient.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The
35、woman is meeting the man at the airport. B. The man is seeing the woman off. C. They are complaining about the poor airport service. D. They are discussing their plan for Christmas.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Because it is midnight. B. Because the airline gives cheap fares at midnight. C. Because many
36、people call for cheap fares before midnight. D. Because she is calling for an hour.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. They will decide the musical to present. B. They will say before the theatre group. C. They will sent the presents. D. They have no say to choose the musical.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A.
37、 Ways of getting extra credits. B. All requirements of an M.A. Degree. C. The credit hours required for a degree. D. Taking more optional courses.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. She should be careful about how to spend her money. B. She should not buy the brown suit. C. She should think carefully when she
38、wants to buy the brown suit. D. He would help her to buy the brown suit.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. He is going to have a Europe travel. B. He is going to visiting his friend. C. He is going to write a grammar book. D. He i
39、s going to seek further study in Germany.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Graduate in advance and then go to Germany. B. Make the requirements and arrangements about his credits needed to graduate before going to Germany. C. Follow Lynns advice about how to study abroad well. D. Take an extra language-train
40、ing course to gain better language skills.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He wants to be transferred to another major. B. He needs to get better grades. C. He has finished his graduation plan. D. He has to earn some more credits before his graduation.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the con
41、versation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. They feel biased. B. They regard themselves weak group. C. They try to assert themselves more in every aspect. D. They feel depressed.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. 90%. B. 80%. C. 40%. D. 28%.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Students in fraternities drink more tha
42、n average student. B. Students in fraternities drink less than average student. C. Fraternities have nothing to do with binge drinking. D. Fraternities are wrongly blamed.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Most of its students prefer alcohol-free parties. B. It found that students drink more than before. C. I
43、t has done nothing to do with the problem. D. Most of its students still drink at various social events.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the quest
44、ions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21
45、.00）(1). A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes. B. Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth. C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous. D. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Belief. B. Doubt. C. Respect. D. Admiration.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Appreciative. B. Objective. C
46、. Dissatisfied. D. Curious.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Be your true self rather than follow others. B. Dont copy others or you cant be the first class. C. Make efforts to be the first instead of the second. D. Dont learn from ot
47、hers unless theyre excellent.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Honesty is always the first policy. B. A bad thing can be turned into a good one. C. Helping others cheat can do good to nobody. D. One should realize the wrong in his bad deeds.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. one must be brave to be honest. B. Its diff
48、icult to be honest when others are not honest. C. One should be honest when making a deposit. D. Honesty in ones actions can help him in the future.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. The function of I. Q. in cultivating a writer. B. The relationship between genius and success. C. The decisive factor in making a genius. D. The way
