1、大学六级-21 及答案解析(总分：667.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.现在很多人热衷于各种相亲活动2. 引起此现象的原因3. 我的看法Craze for Match-making_（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For qu
2、estions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.How to Build a Winning TeamWinning is about leading your people. And about leading them in four very specific ways.If you travel aro
3、und the how-to-succeed-in-business lecture circuit enough, which we both happen to do, you end uphearing a lot of interesting stuff about competitive strategy, disruptive (颠倒性的) technologies, resource allocation, asset management, and the like.Interesting-and sort of beside the point. Because when i
4、ts all said and done, winning teams win because they have the best players and a coach who knows how to make the sum greater than the parts.Its as simple and as complicated as that. Simple because as soon as people hear that statement, they typically mutter, “Oh, yeah.“ Its hardly a controversial no
5、tion that great players plus a great coach equal great performance.Complicated, though, because actually doing it is so hard. We get distracted. The board wants a presentation, or a customer is getting annoyed. Or we lose our nerve. Or we get tired. Whatever: something, anything, makes us forget tha
6、t winning is about leading your people. And about leading them in four very specific ways.FIRST, the leaders of winning teams always-always-let their people know where they stand.Were not talking about “Good job, Sally“, or “Thanks for your hard work, Tom“. Effective leaders let their people know wh
7、ether they are star performers without whom the organization would suffer agony or whether they should bethinking seriously about finding another job.Amazingly-to us, at least-the habit of continuously evaluating each team member is a rare and wonderful thing. Sure, leaders evaluate their people all
8、 the time-but they too seldom share those observations with the team members themselves. In the silence, stars become disaffected and leave seeking more appreciation, either in the soul or the wallet, or both. Mean while, the solid center wanders around in undirected ignorance, and the real underper
9、formers drive their teammates crazy because others must carry their load.By contrast, on winning teams, leaders spend the vast majority of their time showering love on top performers. Yes, love: rewarding them for every contribution, building their self-confidence so they have the courage to take on
10、 even greater challenges, and holding them up as a role model for others on the team. Similarly, on winning teams, leaders devote a lot of energy to middling performers, strictly coaching. And as for the do-nothings: leaders face into these individuals with a sense of reality, spending only the time
11、 to help them put together a rsu and find a job where they will be more successful.Unfortunately, in most organizations, managers spend an excessive amount of time working around their worst people, rearranging work to accommodate their incompetence. They also spend a lot of hours worrying about how
12、 they can possibly break it to their underperformers that theyre terrible at their jobs without hurting their feelings. Its all backward. Rather than hurting their feelings, youre doing your underperformers a favor if you let them know they need to go, and the sooner the better, before they have to
13、look for work in a recession.SECOND, winning teams know the game plan.Theres never been a Super Bowl team that charged the field thinking. Well figure this out as it goes along and see what happens. And there will never be a winning business team that lacks a clear sense of how the competition think
14、s and fights-and how its going to think and fight better. Nor has there ever been a winning team that didnt believe that winning would make life much, much better in very real ways.Dont get us wrong. Were not huge fans of strategic planning as it is commonly taught in business school, nor as it is p
15、racticed in too many companies. Lengthy reports about strategy from headquarters or consultants-in particular, those that involve PowerPoint slides-frankly scare us. No, in todays global market, strategy means picking a general direction and executing like hell. And thats what winning teams do.Heres
16、 the problem. Most leaders explain the game plan in vague terms. “We need to gain market share. Thats going to mean beating Acme Widgets,“ they might say. “Everybodys quota is going to be doubled, Change is hard, but its necessary. Go get em.“ Ready, forward-what?On winning teams, leaders fill their
17、 people with crazy-positive enthusiasm about what winning will look like for the company and, more important(as its often forgotten), for them as individuals. “Look, Acmes killing us,“ they might say.“ Their on-time delivering makes us look like were driving horses and carriages around here. But we
18、can beat them by coming up with a better idea for efficiency every single day. And when that happens, your life is going to change and everything is going to get better. Our company will start to grow again; youll have more job security and a chance for advancement. Even though were going to enter i
19、nto a long, hard period of change ahead, at the other end of it, youll be smarter, richer, and your life will be more exciting.“Clarity. Direction. Outcome.Ready, forward, charge.THIRD, winning teams are honest.Or let us be more precise. On every single winning team, you will discover that the leade
20、r is frank and honest; he rewards everyone else who is frank and honest, and outs the people who arent candid. Oh, sure, there are exceptions. But in time, they always backfire. Because when people dont say what they mean, play politics, or withhold their ideas, everything gets screwed up. Resentmen
21、ts accumulate. Cliques (小集团)form. Good people leave. Work slows down.By contrast, the simple truth is that frankness breeds trust. And when a team is filled with trust, people play to their better angels. They share ideas freely. They help their colleagues when theyre stuck and need an insight. What
22、 they do every day then becomes about the groups success, not their own. Theyre not worried about not getting the credit for some big win; they know a teammate will say something like,“ Hey, dont thank me. Cary was the one that set the whole thing in motion.“ And Cary will say, “Thanks. I may have h
23、ad the idea, but you executed.“The honesty-trust connection has another benefit., it promotes an environment of risk-taking. Who wants to try something new if they sense theyll get a stick in the eye(or worse)should they fail? Leaders of winning teams encourage their people to take on huge challenge
24、s and let them know that theyre safe no matter what happens. And then they make good on their word.Only in such environments will people be bold. And only bold teams win. FOURTH, and finally, winning teams celebrate.No idea we talk about gives people trouble more than this one. Maybe it has somethin
25、g to do with the recession“ How can you party in times of bleak economic conditions?“-but people stopped celebrating even before the economy went worse.Most leaders dont understand the tight link between celebrating small successes along the way and achieving the big one at the end. But its beyond q
26、uestion. Teams that get pizza when they land a new client, or go on trips when they hit a sales milestone create a delicious dynamic. They teach people what it feels like to win, which is, well, a very good feeling. It makes people want to win more. In fact, they never want the feeling to go away. S
27、o they do everything to keep winning.We would call it magic, except theres nothing mysterious about it. Like all four of our sayings here, the only mystery about winning teams, really, is why there arent more of them.（分数：70.00）(1).What is the main topic of this passage? A. How to become a best playe
28、r in your team. B. How to become successful in business. C. How to lead your team to achieve success. D. How to make your team win in a match.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why is it hard to succeed in reality even with great players and a great coach? A. Something always makes us forget what winning is about
29、. B. There are always some angry customers complaining. C. We are often asked to make presentations by the board. D. We cannot remember all the keys to success.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the consequence if a leader doesnt tell his people about his evaluation of them? A. All the team members will j
30、udge each other by themselves. B. Top employees will get disappointed and leave the company. C. Worst employees will get more encouragement to work harder. D. All the team members will work in a harmonious atmosphere.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).As for the do-nothings, a great leader would_. A. spend more t
31、ime to help them deal with great challenges B. rearrange the work to accommodate their incompetence C. help them find a new job where they will be more successful D. be careful not to hurt their feeling by saying something awful（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The leaders on winning teams should not explain the
32、ir plan_. A. in vague terms B. with clarity C. in a positive way D. too specifically（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The simple truth of being frank is that_. A. teammates understand each other B. the leader can have an insight into the real problems C. team members can enjoy an open environment D. team members
33、 trust each other（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Another advantage of establishing an honest team is that_. A. all members trust and help each other B. it encourages people to face new challenges C. it promotes friendship among team members D. no one lies to their partners in the team（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Only
34、in an honest team can people become_, which is a significant element of success.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Peoples not celebrating their successes has something to do with_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Celebrating small successes teaches people how good winning feels like and this feeling makes people_.（分数：7.00）填空
35、项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the era1 of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spo
36、ken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A ), B), C)and D ),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）(1). A. It took a long time t
37、o finish the building. B. He was too busy to notice the opening of the hotel. C.He did not know the hotel had a restaurant. D. He would like to meet the woman for brunch next Sunday.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She admires Stevens relationship with his father. B. She does not know Steven or his father.
38、C. Her daughter is older than Steven. D. She disagrees with the man.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Buy stamps at the post office. B. Mail the womans bill. C. Drive to the womans house. D. Pick up a package from the post office.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. She reads more slowly than the man does. B. She has a
39、lot of material to read before she has coffee. C. The man does more work than is necessary. D. The man is taking a long time preparing for philosophy class.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. Hell move into his new apartment in a couple of months. B. Hed like the woman to help him move into the apartment. C. H
40、e hopes Peter will move into the apartment soon. D. The apartment might be too expensive for him.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Take a shorter route. B. Buy new sunglasses. C. Drive on a different road. D. Consider using Route 27.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. They should turn left when they see a sto
41、p sign. B. Fie does not have the directions with him. C. He does not see the stop sign yet. D. He does not know which way to go.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The man and the woman use the same computer. B. The man can not help the woman. C. The woman can not turn off the computer. D. The man has helped t
42、he woman with her computer before.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Signs for the most important things in babies lives. B. Daily expressions for babies to communicate with each other. C. Basic language for babies to read childre
43、ns books. D. Skills for babies to communicate with their parents.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Some of them are made up by the man. B. Most of them are taken from ASL. C. They are created by the deaf. D. They are issued by the government.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Its easier for parents to know their babie
44、s needs. B. Its easier for babies to learn their mother tongue. C. It can improve the relationship between them. D. It can teach babies more communicative skills.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. It was invented after observing volunteers. B. It was coined by college professors in the lab. C. It was stimulat
45、ed by the screaming of babies. D. It was inspired by watching deaf children.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1).A. They may exaggerate the actual sports achievements.B. They cant get the exact first-hand information. C. They try to cre
46、ate images for artistic works. D. They cant distinguish right from wrong.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Devoting full time to training. B. Altering genes to produce better athletes C. Developing new types of hi-tech equipments. D. Applying new ways in training athletes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The achieve
47、ment athletes make. B. Sports achievement and human potential. C. Newspapers and TV reports. D. A science fiction about sports.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both th
48、e passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. He had a pilots uniform.
