1、大学六级-135 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your view on the importance of starting from doing small things. Yo
2、u should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. （分数：106.00）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：2，分数：56.00)Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）A.Taking an exam.B.Drawing graphs.C.Giving presentations.D.Having a class discussion.A
3、.Business.B.Fashion design.C.Politics.D.Art appreciation.A.Less than ten minutes.B.About twenty minutes.C.Half an hour.D.Forty-five minutes.A.Because of the bad weather.B.Because it broke down.C.Because of the crowd outside a drugstore.D.Because the traffic was heavy.Questions 5 to 8 are based on th
4、e conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）A.More work as an instructor.B.A higher salary.C.A longer vacation.D.A research assignment.A.He“ll start next week.B.He wouldn“t enjoy it.C.He needs time to decide.D.He wants his adviser“s opinion.A.Finish his degree in the fall.B.Let someone else read h
5、is evaluations.C.Consider taking fewer courses.D.Get more teaching experience.A.Tom“s talent for teaching.B.Tom“s interesting approach to research.C.A present Tom received for graduation.D.A congratulatory letter from the department.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.00)Questions 9
6、to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）A.To review material covered in an earlier lecture.B.To change students“ approach to writing.C.To point out an example of good writing.D.To give an assignment for the next class.A.To correct mistakes in spelling and grammar.B.To make smoo
7、th transitions between ideas.C.To add more specific details and examples.D.To improve overall effectiveness.A.Within the first week of class.B.Two weeks before the final due date.C.By the end of the term.D.A week after the last class.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：28.00)Questions 12 to 15 are based on the p
8、assage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）A.Milder weather in recent years.B.An increase in gasoline prices.C.Construction of bicycle paths.D.The invention of sturdy bicycles.A.Unavailability of warm clothing.B.Bicycle maintenance.C.Increased illness.D.Increased commuting time.A.A head-light.B.A chain c
9、over.C.Hand brakes.D.Thicker tires.A.Add extra oil to their bicycle parts.B.Weal special cycling glasses.C.Take public transportation.D.Drive a car to their destinations.七、Section C(总题数：3，分数：144.00)Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19. （分数：57.60）A.When they grow up in
10、a particular set of surroundings.B.When they travel to another country that they“re not familiar with.C.When they become totally dependent on the rules of their social group.D.When they start to learn a foreign language.A.They are frequently questioned by people unwilling to accept them.B.They diffe
11、r greatly among different social groups.C.They govern the behavior of people who are dependent on them.D.They are clearly articulated and their impact is always understood.A.People are shocked by the difference between the foreign culture and their own.B.The attitude to visitors of the people in a f
12、oreign country is really cold.C.The foreign culture that people experience may be totally different from what they imagined.D.People may run into budget shortfalls when travel to another country.A.They often drive along a highway in the dark.B.They often behave rationally without stress.C.They need
13、a road map to guide their behavior.D.They“re totally out of control and feel highly stressful.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22. （分数：43.20）A.You can find a job by just poring over help-wanted ads.B.Looking for a job means knocking on the door and asking.C.College gr
14、aduates can find a job at any point of time online.D.Finding a job becomes much easier for college graduates.A.There won“t be enough job vacancy online.B.There will be a 3.7 million increase in job openings before long.C.The job picture will be brighter with economic recovery.D.Two million new jobs
15、will be posted online on a daily basis.A.She found her dream job as an education policy researcher.B.Lack of perseverance, she got nowhere in finding a job.C.She failed in job-hunting for not having applied for enough positions.D.She felt that her Master“s degree was not helpful at all.Now listen to
16、 the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25. （分数：43.20）A.It may result in a rise in the rates of infectious diseases.B.It may give rise to a breakdown in sanitation.C.It may lead to decreases in agricultural productivity.D.It may bring about immediate increases in hospital admissions.A.De
17、creasing the reliance on cars and motor vehicles.B.A shift from coal-fired power plants to renewable energy.C.Encouraging active transportation like cycling and walking.D.A commitment to a strong global climate treaty.A.The World Health Organization.B.The Lancet Commission.C.Environmentalists.D.Prof
18、essionals in health care.八、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.00)England“s highest main-line railway station hangs on to life by a thread: deserted and unmanned (无人的) since it was officially closed in 1970. Dent, 1 high in the hills of Yorkshire, wakes up on six summer weekends
19、 each year, when a special charter train unloads walkers, sightseers and people who 2 want to catch a train from the highest station, on to its platform. But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end. Dent station is situated on the Settle to Carlisle railway line, said to be the mos
20、t 3 in the country. But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from British Rail“s cash problems. This year, for the 4 of economy, the express trains which used to pass through Dent station have been put on to another route. It is now an open secret that British Rail sees no future for this ra
21、ilway line. Most of its trains disappeared some time ago. Its bridge, built on a grand 5 a century ago, is falling down. It is not alone. Half-a-dozen railway routes in the north of England are facing a similar threat. The problem is a worn-out system and an almost 6 lack of cash to repair it. Bridg
22、es and tunnels are showing their age, the wooden supports for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old. On 7 lines between large cities, the problem is not too bad. These lines still make a profit and cash can be found to 8 them. But on the country branch line, the story is dif
23、ferent. As track wears out, it is not replaced. Instead speed limits are introduced, making journeys longer than necessary and discouraging customers. If a bridge is dangerous, there is often only one thing for British Rail to do: go out and find money from another 9 . This is exactly what it did a
24、few months ago when a bridge at Bridlington station was threatening to fail down. Repairs were 10 at 200,000just for one bridgeand British Rail was delighted, and rather surprised, when two local councils offered half that amount between them. Amaintain Bscenic Ctranscend Dsource Eestimated Fsake Gc
25、omplex Hsimply Iconsolidation Jsituated Krespectively Ltotal Mmajor Nrestrained Oscale（分数：35.00）十、Section B(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Why Are Airlines Withholding Seats?AA few months ago I booked a flight for two and then went to select seats on the airline“s site. Based on the destination and time of year, I
26、was surprised to find only two adjacent seats were available without paying a premium (额外费用). But I was even more surprised a few weeks later, when we boarded the aircraft and a flight attendant announced that only 30% of seats were occupied, so we should all feel free to stretch out. BSo how could
27、a flight that looked nearly full a month earlier wind up with seven out of ten seats empty? That“s a question only the airlines can answer, and they“re not eager to provide many details. CAre some carriers intentionally holding back seat assignments, in the hope we“ll all pay for “premium“ seats? It
28、“s a fair question, and the evidence is intriguing. Behind the screen indeed DAn awful plot goes on behind airline and travel booking screens, and much of it is strictly off-limits to consumers. What we do know is that for decades now airlines have become masters of what the industry calls yield man
29、agement, offering millions of combinations of fares based on advance purchase patterns and other booking trends, so nearly everyone pays a different price based on when they buy. But now that paying extra for your seat selection has become common practice, securing your reservation is just half the
30、battle. ESome industry experts have connected the dots. “They“re trying to get people to buy premium seats,“ says George Hobica, USATODAY.com“s Fly Guy columnist and the founder of A. “They want to increase revenue. And we“re getting more complaints about it.“ He notes that it “really annoys“ passen
31、gers who want to sit together, particularly when traveling with small children. FHe“s echoed by Kevin Mitchell, chairman of the Business Travel Coalition (联盟): “With yield management, consumers are aware and they know that airlines are constantly changing prices on seats. But if this is true, it is
32、unethicalthey“re grossly misleading us. The thing that I find so offensive is conveying to me that I have no options, but if I wait a week or two then I do have options.“ GAccording to the airlines, the reason for ancillary (附加的) revenue is unbundling (分类计价) ticket prices, so passengers who desire a
33、 given servicesay checking a bag or ordering a soft drinkpay for it, while those who don“t are spared the cost. But as Mitchell notes, “There“s another twist to this. The airlines are saying fees are for “optional services.“ Well, seats aren“t optional!“ HOf course, securing a good seat isn“t an iss
34、ue if you“re in first class or you“re an elite member of a frequent flyer program. But what about the rest of us? As I“ve pointed out repeatedly in recent columns, we“re faced with record-high load factors, the highest for the U.S. airline industry since World War . But even with the average percent
35、age of occupied seats for domestic flights at 82.7%, it“s still an averagesome flights will be fuller but others will not, particularly weeks in advance. Yet searching for seats keeps getting harder and harder. Seats for sale IHobica cites the major airlines as the prime culprits (起因), but he also n
36、otes even low-cost carriers can make securing seats difficult. On the flip side, he credits JetBlue and Virgin America for providing customers with clear policies. And then there is British Airways, which allows passengers in economy and business classes to select seats only 24 hours in advance. I a
37、sked an airline representative if seeing fewer free seats is a trend, and the response was: “That“s going to vary because there are so many variables.“ JI decided to check on seat availability at D. I inquired about economy-class availability for two seats on a busy routeAtlanta to Chicagoand conduc
38、ted an apples-to-apples search for the same morning departure seven days in advance, and again 14 days in advance. For the flight one week out, a total of only eight seats were available, one preferred and seven standard, but only one set of two seats together. For the flight two weeks out, a total
39、of 29 seats were available, consisting of 20 preferred and only nine standard, and still with only one set together. Remarkable how even twice the booking time still produced so few “free“ seats, separately or together, yet there were plenty of seats that could be bought for the right price. KI cont
40、acted Delta and a spokesman said the price for preferred economy varies “depending on a number of different factors,“ so customers need to compare the costs on a flight-by-flight basis. The preferred seats are reserved primarily for Medallion (大勋章) members, and become available without additional ch
41、arge 24 hours prior to departure. When asked if Delta has received complaints about a dearth of free seats, he stated, “Overall, our seat program has been received very well.“ LBut my findings dovetailed (吻合) with recent complaints filed with Airfarewatchdog: (1) When (my husband) tried to get a sea
42、t assignment on the first flight there was just one “ complimentary (免费的) seat“ (near the back in the middle) available.the other available seats had to be purchased for $69. On the connecting flight there were no “complimentary seats“ at all! Is this legal? He bought and paid for a ticket on these
43、flights and now he is supposed to “buy“ a seat! (2) (After) paying for the flight, a message popped up and said that I could only get a seat assignment when I checked in. In order to get a confirmed seat, I had to pay $129 extra! Unless I pay, without a confirmed seat, I am the first one to be bumpe
44、d from the flight if they are overbooked. How do they get away with this? (3) Does checking in online at the 24-hour mark before the flight give me a number in line or let me select seats then? Or do we all rush the gate with our boarding passes (and no seat assignment) in order to get the seat assi
45、gnment? How to respond? MSo what can you do? It“s a tough proposition. Usually I would offer strategies for countering such airline initiatives, but in this case the options are limited. That“s why some believe the U.S. Department of Transportation should investigate these practices. As Mitchell say
46、s, “The airlines are holding all the cards with this one. There is a sore need for transparency on this. When people are confused, they make bad decisions.“ NThat said, consider the following: (1) When budgeting your airfares, make sure you consider not just baggage fees but the added cost of seat s
47、electionfor all travelers and in both directions. (2) If possible, book early, when there should be more seats available, and check in early too. Why the qualifier “should“? Because if availability is artificially manipulated, it“s hard to be certain. (3) Book airlines that offer more transparent se
48、at-selection policies. Of course, this is not an issue with Southwest and other carriers that offer “open seating“ policies. (4) Finally, the last resort is what Hobica calls “horse trading“: negotiating seat swaps with other passengers. But this has become a risky and undesirable option with flight
49、s so full, overhead bins (行李仓) so crammed and fellow passengers who may have paid for premium seats in advance.（分数：70.00）(1).Behind the airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot is being carried out, much of which is rigorously kept confidential from passengers.（分数：7.00）(2).The airlines“ excuse for additional fees is unbundling ticket prices, so those who want the given service like baggage check and soft drink ordering will h
