1、北京成人本科学士学位阅读理解题(二)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people dont have to pay
2、for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera. All they have to do is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not eve
3、n have to use his legs if he has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science a
4、nd politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into ones sitting room. (11) It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen
5、itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures that it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more
6、 time to do things and that they have actually begun to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesnt it?There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to soci
7、ety.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the major function of paragraph 1?A. To arouse the readers concern.B. To introduce the theme of the whole passage.C. To summarize the whole passage.D. To state the primary uses of TV.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Television, as a source of entertainment, is_.A. not very convenient B
8、. very expensiveC. quite dangerous D. relatively cheap（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why are some people against TV?A. Because TV programs are not interesting.B. Because TV viewers are totally passive.C. Because TV prices are very high.D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).O
9、ne of the most obvious advantages of TV is thatA. it keeps us informed B. it is very cheapC. it enables us to have a rest D. it controls our lives（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on_.A. its quality B. peoples attitude towards itC. how we use it D. when
10、 we use it（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our sch
11、ool leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. Some stay long at a job and learn to like it; others quit from one to another looking for something to suit them. The young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary
12、up to their expectation. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution. Nearly all grope (摸索) in the dark and their chief c
13、oncern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or, even more important, whether the job suits them. Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and e
14、ntertainment. (12) It sets a pattern of life and, in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interest.In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest. Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have
15、no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire from succeeding in life but also ruin your talents and ultimately make you an emotional wreck (受到严重伤害的人) and a bitter person.（分数：10.00）(1).The reason why some people are unlikely to succeed in life is that they_.A. have ruined their talentsB.
16、have taken on an unsuitable jobC. think of nothing but their salaryD. are not aware of their own potential（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The difficulty in choosing a suitable job lies mainly in thatA. much competition has to be facedB. many employees have no working experienceC. the young people only care abo
17、ut how much they can earnD. schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements is the most important according to the passage?A. Your job must suit your interest.B. Your job must set a pattern of life.C. Your job must offer you a high
18、 salary.D. Your job must not ruin your talents.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The best title for this passage would be_.A. What Can a Good Job OfferB. Earning a LivingC. Correct Attitude to Job-huntingD. How to Choose a Job（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The word“ pathetic“ in Paragraph 2 most probably means_.A. splendi
19、d B. miserable C. disgusted D. touching（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)What will man be like in the future-in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make a guess, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today. For man is slowly changing all the t
20、ime.Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on the average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.Again, in the modern world we us
21、e our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brains capacity. (13) As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones. This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head, and the forehead, in pa
22、rticular, will grow larger.Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over very long period of time it is likely that mans eyes will grow stronger.On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and
23、legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.But what about hair? It will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose
24、 any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald.Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at. This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will
25、still be a human being, with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage tells us about_.A. how mans life will be in the futureB. what future man will look likeC. the fact that mans organs will function differently in the futureD. the fact that man is growing uglier as time pa
26、sses（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The evidence that man is changing is thatA. man has been growing taller over the past 500 yearsB. man has got stronger eyes than he ever hadC. mans hair is getting thinner and thinnerD. mans limbs are getting weaker because he tends to make less use of them（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(
27、3).Mans forehead will grow larger because_.A. he will make use of only about 20% of the brains capacityB. the other 80 Jo of his brain will grow in due timeC. he had rather narrow forehead a few hundred years agoD. he will have to use his brain more and more as time goes on（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Futur
28、e man will probably_.A. have smaller eyes B. see betterC. have larger eyes D. have to wear better glasses（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The reason for believing that future man will be different is that he_.A. is always changing B. hopes for a changeC. never stops changing D. will live a different life（分数：2.0
29、0）A.B.C.D.五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. (14) Pollution is caused either by mans release of completely new and often artificial (人造) substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly incr
30、eased amounts of a natural substance (物质), such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.Whatever its underlying reasons are, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious ne
31、ed to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and p
32、aper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy thing we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal
33、 (处理) of the products we use in our daily lives.（分数：10.00）(1).The main cause of pollution is_.A. the release of artificial or natural substances into the environmentB. the production of new industrial goodsC. increased amounts of a natural substanceD. our ever-increasing population（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(
34、2).Much of the pollution could be controlled if only_.A. people would pay more attention to the problemB. governments would take effective measuresC. all sides concerned would make more effortsD. farmers would use fewer artificial fertilizers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Food packages, bottles and tins for d
35、rinks can cause_.A. air and water pollutionB. both a litter problem and a waste of resourcesC. to pay for the serviceD. to produce the receipt（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following can not help solve the problem of pollution?A. Cutting out unnecessary buying.B. Eating less.C. Reduce excess use.
36、D. Carefully dispose our daily products.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The underlined word “litter“ can be best replaced by_.A. not many B. serious problemC. bits of waste things D. industrial pollution（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Thousands of years ago, in the middle of an ocean, miles from th
37、e nearest island, an undersea volcano broke out. The hot liquid piled higher and higher and spread wider and wider. In this way, an island rose up in the sea.(15) As time went on, hot sun and cool rains made the rock split and break into pieces, sea waves dashed against the rock. In this way, soil a
38、nd sand came into being.Nothing lived on the naked soil. And then the wind and birds brought plant seeds, spiders and other little creatures there. Only plants could grow first. Only in sunlight could they produce food from the minerals of the soil, water and air. While many animals landed on the is
39、land, they could find no food. A spider spun its web in vain, because there were no insects for its web to catch. Insects couldnt stay until there were plants for them to eat. So plants had to be the pioneer life on this new island.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage centers on_.A. how an undersea volcano bro
40、ke outB. how an island rose up in the seaC. how soil was formed on a new islandD. how life began on a volcano-produced island（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, the island got its first soil from_.A. sea waves B. its own rockC. the sand brought by the wind D. cool rains（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3
41、).The word “naked“ could be replaced by_.A. hidden B. new C. mysterious D. bare（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The order of things that came into being on the island is_.A. soil, plants and animalsB. soil, little creatures and plantsC. soil, birds and plantsD. soil, human beings and animals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5)
42、.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE ?A. Spiders were the first life that could live on the island.B. The island is far away from any piece of land.C. Insects could not live on the island without plants.D. Plants were brought to the island by human beings.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Pass
43、age 6(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sports and games make our bodies strong, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us healthy. But these are not their only use. They give us valuable practice in making eyes, brain and muscles work together. In tennis, our eyes see the ball coming, judge its speed and direction
44、 and pass this information on to the brain The brain then has to decide what to do, and to send its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs, and so on, so that the ball is met and hit back where it ought to go. All this must happen with very great speed, and only those who have had a lot of practice
45、 at tennis can carry out this complicated chain of events successfully. For those who work with their brains most of the day, the practice of such skills is especially useful.Sports and games are also very useful for character-training. In their lessons at school, boys and girls may learn about such
46、 virtues as unselfishness, courage, discipline and love of ones country; but what is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a childs character as what is learned by experience The ordinary day-school cannot give much practical training in living, because most of the pupils time is spen
47、t in classrooms, studying lessons. So it is what the pupils do in their spare time that really prepares them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up. (16) If each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on the football field, he will later find it natural to work
48、 for the good of his country instead of only for his own benefit.（分数：10.00）(1).The “complicated chain of events“ refers to_.A. the passing of information and making of decisionsB. the meeting and hitting back of the ballC. the coordinated movements of our eyes, brain and musclesD. a lot of practice
49、before playing tennis（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By “character-training, the author means that sports and games can help children_.A. live a better life when they grow upB. know better how to behave properly in their future lifeC. understand better the virtues they learn in booksD. all of the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, a childs character can be most deeply influenced by_.A. what he does out of class B. what he learns in booksC. his place in society D. his
