1、北京成人本科学士学位分类模拟题 20 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Languages are remarkably complex and wonderfully complicated organs of culture. They contain the quickest and the most efficient means of communicating within their respective culture. To lear
2、n a foreign language is to learn another culture. In the words of a poet and philosopher, “As many languages as one speaks, so many lives one lives.“ A culture and its language are as necessary as brain and body: while one is a part of the other, neither can function without the other. In learning a
3、 foreign language, the best beginning would be starting with the non-language elements of the language: its gestures, its body language, etc. Eye contact is extremely important in English. Direct eye contact leads to understanding, or, as the English saying goes, seeing eye-to-eye. We can never see
4、eye-to-eye with a native speaker of English until we have learned to look directly into his eyes.（分数：20.00）(1).The best title for this passage is _.（分数：4.00）A.Organs of CultureB.Brain and BodyC.Looking into His EyesD.Language and Culture(2).According to this passage, the best way to learn a foreign
5、language is _.（分数：4.00）A.to read the works of poets and philosophersB.to find a native speaker and look directly into his eyesC.to begin by learning its body languageD.to visit a country where you can study(3).According to this passage, gestures are _.（分数：4.00）A.spoken wordsB.a non-language elementC
6、.pictures in a languageD.written language(4).“As many languages as one speaks, so many lives .“ means “_“.（分数：4.00）A.if one learns many foreign languages, one will have a better understanding of his own languageB.life is richer and more interesting if one knows several languagesC.no matter how many
7、languages one knows, one can never know more than one“s own cultureD.if a person speaks only one language, he will live a very happy life(5).Which of the following doesn“t share the same meaning with the others?（分数：4.00）A.signsB.gesturesC.efficientD.body language三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Trees are
8、useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent droughts (干旱) and floods. Unfortunately, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful co
9、untry cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire, but, without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the home country found itself faced by flood and starvation. Even though a government realizes the importance
10、of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this. The villagers want wood to cook their food with; and they can earn money by selling wood. They are usually too lazy to plant and look after the trees. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or
11、can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear. This does not only mean that the villagers“ children and grandchildren will have fewer trees. The results are even more serious, for where there are trees their roots break the soil up allowing the rain to sink in-and also bind the soil, thu
12、s preventing its being washed away easily but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away from the surface, causing flood.（分数：20.00）(1).What is the most important function of trees?（分数：4.00）A.Providing fuel.B.Offering shade.C.Preventing natural disasterD.Providing wood.(2)
13、.What eventually happened to the empire in the second paragraph?（分数：4.00）A.Its people died of hunger.B.It fell to pieces.C.It became a giant empire.D.It built many ships with wood.(3).It is implied in the passage that the villagers _.（分数：4.00）A.want a plentiful supply of trees.B.want firewood badly.
14、C.just want to get money.D.don“t realize the importance of trees.(4).The role of trees is to _.（分数：4.00）A.loosen soilB.keep soil in positionC.harden soilD.both A and B(5).What is the passage mainly concerned with?（分数：4.00）A.The benefits of trees.B.Trees and soil protectionC.The various uses of trees
15、.D.Different attitudes toward trees.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England. One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth po
16、ints it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are ail performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two
17、 or three of them. Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins a worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one. There can be no do
18、ubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, but he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and
19、 those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new, it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to _.（分数：4.00）A.take advantage of the physical laborB.introduce the division of labor into England
20、C.understand the effects of the division of laborD.explain the bad causes of the division of labor(2).A dam Smith saw that the division of labor _.（分数：4.00）A.enabled each worker to design pins more quicklyB.increased the possible output per workerC.increased the number of people employed in factorie
21、sD.improved the quality of pins produced(3).A dam Smith mentioned the number 4,800 in order to _.（分数：4.00）A.show the advantages of the old labor systemB.stress how powerful the individual worker wasC.show the advantages of the division of laborD.stress the importance of increased production(4).Accor
22、ding to the writer, Adam Smith“s mistake was in believing that the division of labor _.（分数：4.00）A.was an efficient way of organizing workB.was an important development in methods of productionC.finally led to economic developmentD.increased the production of existing goods(5).According to the writer
23、, which one of the following is NOT true?（分数：4.00）A.Division of labor can enable fewer people to make more pins.B.Division of labor helps people to produce more of what they already have.C.Division of labor is by no means responsible for economic growth.D.Division of labor is an efficient way of org
24、anizing work.五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view. The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When t
25、here is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears. The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great ma
26、jority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses. By 1957 or 1958, this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared-the “life-enriching“ level. While the other levels involve physical
27、satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury“ items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental
28、 care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing. On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or wil
29、l they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level? A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling
30、 our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the passage, people will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothin
31、g only when _.（分数：4.00）A.they have saved up enough moneyB.they have grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC.they have satisfied his hungerD.they have learned to build houses(2).It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II, most Americans _.（分数：4.00）A.were very richB.lived
32、in povertyC.had the good things on the first three levelsD.did not own automobiles(3).Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction“?（分数：4.00）A.A successful careerB.A comfortable homeC.A good mealD.A family car(4).What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?（分数：4.00）A.The m
33、ore goods the better.B.The more mental satisfaction the better.C.The more “luxury“ items the better.D.The more earnings the better.(5).The author tends to think that the fifth level _.（分数：4.00）A.would be little better than the fourth levelB.may be a lot more desirable than the first fourC.can be the
34、 last and most satisfying levelD.will become attainable before the government takes actions六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence, we mean a way of l
35、iving and behaving, especially in a new or upsetting situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do. For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might hap
36、pen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn“t sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he can“t make things work out right, he doesn“t feel ashamed that he failed; he just tries to learn from his m
37、istakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook on life, a special feeling about life, and knows how he fits into it. If you look at children, you“ll see a great difference between what we call “bright“ children and “not-bright“ children. They are actually two differe
38、nt kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out about life-he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But, the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world; he seems to have a wall
39、 between him and life in general.（分数：10.00）(1).According to this passage, intelligence is _.（分数：2.00）A.the ability to study wellB.the ability to do well in schoolC.the ability to deal with lifeD.the ability to get high scores on some tests(2).In a new situation, an intelligent person _.（分数：2.00）A.kn
40、ows more about what might happen to himB.is sure of the result he will getC.concentrates on what to do about the situationD.cares more about himself(3).If an intelligent person failed, he would _.（分数：2.00）A.try not to feel ashamedB.learn form his experiencesC.try to regret as much as possibleD.make
41、sure what result he would get(4).Bright children and not-bright children _.（分数：2.00）A.are two different types of childrenB.are different mainly in their degree of clevernessC.have difference only in their way of thinkingD.have different knowledge about the world(5).The author of this passage will pr
42、obably continue to talk about _.（分数：2.00）A.how to determine what intelligence isB.how education should be foundC.how to solve practical problemsD.how an unintelligent person should be taught七、Passage 6(总题数：1，分数：10.00)We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that the
43、se words and gestures can be understood in different ways. It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show
44、their teeth when they are angry. This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns. Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like “he went pale and began to tremble“ suggests that the man is either
45、 very afraid or he has just got a very big shock. However, “he opened his eyes wide“ is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise. In Chinese “surprise“ can be described in a phrase like “they stretched out their tongues!“ Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulti
46、ng gesture or expresses strong dislike. Even in the same culture, people differ in ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on people“s faces. Other studies show that older peop
47、le usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, _.（分数：2.00）A.we can hardly understand what people“s gestures meanB.we can not often be sure what people mean when they describe their feelings in words or gesturesC.words
48、 can be better understood by older peopleD.gestures can be understood by most of the people while words can not(2).People“s facial expressions may be misunderstood because _.（分数：2.00）A.people of different ages may have different understandingB.people have different culturesC.people of different sex
49、may understand a gesture in a different wayD.people of different countries speak different languages(3).In the same culture _.（分数：2.00）A.people have different ability to understand and express feelingsB.people have the same understanding of somethingC.people never fail to understand each otherD.people are equally intelligent(4).From this passage, we can conclude _.（分数：2.00）A.words are used as frequently as gesturesB.words are often found difficult to understandC.words and gestures
