1、北京成人本科学士学位分类模拟题 19 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)One study shows that Americans prefer to answer with a brief “Yes“, “No“, “Sure“, or the very popular “Yeah“ rather than with a longer reply. But brief replies do not mean Americans are impoli
2、te or unfriendly to some extent. Very often, Americans are in a hurry and may greet you with a single word “Hi“, indeed; this is a greeting you will hear again and again during your stay in the United States. It is used by everyone, regardless of rank, age or occupation. However, those who are accus
3、tomed to longer greetings may require a little more time before they feel comfortable with American simple talk. Americans sometimes use plain talk when they are uncomfortable. If people praise them or thank them in an especially polite way, they may become uncomfortable and not know what to say in
4、reply. They don“t want to be impolite or rude, you can be sure that they liked what was said about them. Except for certain holidays, such as Christmas, Americans don“t usually give gifts. Thus, you will find Americans embarrassed as they accept gifts, especially if they have nothing to give in retu
5、rn. They are generally a warm but informal people.（分数：20.00）(1).The fact that Americans like shorter answers tells us _.（分数：4.00）A.they reply very quickly in a hurryB.they choose words too carefullyC.they like replying brieflyD.they want to be as polite as they can(2).Those who like using beautiful
6、or formal words _.（分数：4.00）A.need more time to get used to American simple greetingB.need no time to get familiar with American greetingC.do not very much like American way of greetingD.think Americans are not polite whatever(3).Which of the following is NOT true?（分数：4.00）A.Americans often answer wi
7、th the words like “sure“, “yeah.“B.They are not impolite with brief replies.C.Americans in high ranks must use formal words in greeting.D.Americans are a warm but informal people.(4).The Americans like others“ praise but if in a polite way _.（分数：4.00）A.they don“t know what to way in replyB.they feel
8、 somewhat uneasyC.they don“t want to replyD.both A and B(5).The passage indicates that _.（分数：4.00）A.Americans exchange gifts the first time they meet.B.Americans seldom give gifts except for some holidays.C.Americans often bring some gifts to their friends.D.Americans only want to get gifts from oth
9、ers.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists (经济学家). It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked inte
10、nsively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not
11、 likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them. One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availabilit
12、y of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In the highly industrialize
13、d society, the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such
14、 as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.（分数：20.00）(1).A smaller population may mean _.（分数：4.00）A.higher productivity, but a lower average incomeB.lower productivity, but a higher average inc
15、omeC.lower productivity, and a lower average incomeD.higher productivity, and a higher average income(2).According to the passage, a large population will provide a chance for developing _.（分数：4.00）A.agricultureB.transport systemC.industryD.national economy(3).In a developed country, people will per
16、haps go out of work if the birthrate _.（分数：4.00）A.goes upB.is decreasingC.remains stableD.is out of control(4).According to the passage slowly rising birthrate perhaps is good for _.（分数：4.00）A.a developed nationB.a developing nationC.every nation with a big populationD.every nation with a small popu
17、lation(5).It is no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world because _.（分数：4.00）A.there are too many underdeveloped countries in the worldB.underdeveloped countries have low level of industrial developmentC.different governments have different views about the proble
18、mD.even developed countries may have complex problems四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually, the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. It was first used as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who
19、first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C. We know that the umbrella was also used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use; it became
20、 a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed th
21、at the first persons in Europe to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in 16th century. And again it became a symbol of power and authority. Umbrellas have no
22、t changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn“t until the twentieth century that women“s umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors.（分数：20.00）(1).The first use of umbrella was as _.（分数：4.00）A.protection against rainB.a shade against the
23、sunC.a symbol of powerD.a symbol of honor(2)._ were regarded as the people who first used umbrellas.（分数：4.00）A.RomansB.GreeksC.ChineseD.Europeans(3).The umbrella was used only by royal people or those in high office _.（分数：4.00）A.in European in the eighteenth centuryB.in ancient Egypt and BabylonC.in
24、 the Far East in ancient timesD.during the Middle Ages(4).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?（分数：4.00）A.Women enjoy using umbrella with various kinds of colors.B.The inventor of the umbrella is unknown.C.Once ordinary people had no fight to use umbrellas.D.Umbrellas were po
25、pular and cheap in the ancient times.(5).Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?（分数：4.00）A.When Was the Umbrella InventedB.The Role of Umbrella in HistoryC.The Colors and Shapes of UmbrellaD.Who Needed Umbrella First五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Television has opened windows in ev
26、erybody“s life. Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914. Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle. And the result has been a general dislike of war, and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the screen.
27、 Television has also changed politics. The most distant areas can now follow state affairs, see and hear the politicians before an election. Better informed, people are more likely to vote, and so to make their opinion count. Unfortunately, television“s influence has been extremely harmful to the yo
28、ung. Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world; that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless. They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable. All educators agree that the “television generations“ are mor
29、e violent than their parents and grandparents. Also, the young are less patient. Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read a book that requires thinking; to listen to a teacher who doesn“t do funny things l
30、ike the people on children“s programs. And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten, fifteen, or thirty minutes. That“s the time it takes on the screen.（分数：20.00）(1).In the past, many young people _.（分数：4.00）A.knew the effects of warB.went in for politicsC.liked to save the wounded in wa
31、rsD.were willing to be soldiers(2).Now with TV people can _.（分数：4.00）A.discuss politics at an information centerB.show more interest in politicsC.make their own decisions on political affairsD.express their opinions freely(3).The author thinks that TV advertisements _.（分数：4.00）A.are not reliable on
32、the wholeB.are useless to peopleC.are a good guide to adultsD.are very harmful to the young(4).Which is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：4.00）A.People have become used to crimes now.B.With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly.C.People now like to read books with pictures.D.The adults ar
33、e less violent than the young.(5).From the passage, we can conclude that _.（分数：4.00）A.children should keep away from TVB.TV programs should be improvedC.children“s books should have picturesD.TV has a deep influence on the young六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Nonverbal (非语言的) communication has to do with
34、 gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking. The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry. For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unf
35、riendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the North American to be “cold“ or “distant“ because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to. The “eye contact“ provides another example of what
36、 we are calling nonverbal communication. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who don“t like each other. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest
37、he has in the things you are talking about. On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a s
38、ign of friendliness. Someone who is always smiling, and with little apparent reasons, often makes us uneasy.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, nonverbal communication _.（分数：2.00）A.is a method often used by people who cannot speakB.can tell something that words cannotC.can be used to talk with p
39、eople who cannot bearD.is less used than words(2).The South American _.（分数：2.00）A.tends to keep a distance between himself and the person he is speaking toB.usually stands close to the person he is talking toC.is often unfriendly when spoken toD.is often cold and distant when speaking(3).Which of th
40、e following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Less eye contact suggests distance in relation.B.The longer one looks at you, the more interest he has in you.C.There is more eye contact between people who like each other.D.Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is tallying about.(4).Too long a gaze
41、_.（分数：2.00）A.may upset people being looked atB.shows one“s great confidenceC.indicates one“s interest in the talkD.tells you how friendly one is(5).Constant smiling without apparent reason _.（分数：2.00）A.is a sign of one“s friendlinessB.is a sign of one“s unfriendlinessC.makes people feel happyD.makes
42、 people feel uncomfortable七、Passage 6(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In the United States, elementary education begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly all the teachers are women, mostly married. The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is
43、to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (是绝对服从的) methods of education were discredited (不被认可) rather a long time ago-so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them act
44、ual instruction. The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on co-operation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fac
45、t that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educati
46、onal system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children _.（分数：2.00）A.sensible and sensitiveB
47、.competitive and interestedC.curious and friendlyD.happy and co-operative(2).Some Americans complain about elementary schools because they think _.（分数：2.00）A.children are reluctant to help each otherB.schools lay too much emphasis on co-operationC.children should grow up with competitive ideasD.scho
48、ols give little actual instruction to children(3).The author“s attitude towards American education can be best described as _.（分数：2.00）A.favorableB.negativeC.tolerantD.unfriendly(4).The American educational system emphasizes _.（分数：2.00）A.material wealthB.competitionC.co-operationD.personal benefit(5
49、).The word “sociable“ (Line 7, Para. 2) most probably means “_“.（分数：2.00）A.fond of talking freelyB.friendly with other peopleC.concerned about social welfareD.happy at school北京成人本科学士学位分类模拟题 19 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)One study shows that Americans prefer to answer with a brief “Yes“, “No“, “Sure“, or the very popular “Yeah“ rather than with a longer reply. But brief replies do not mean Americans are imp
