1、北京成人本科学士学位分类模拟题 12 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)For 20 months the wrecked Costa Concordia has been lying on its side near the coast of Giglio, a small Italian island. But on Tuesday, as part of the largest salvage (打捞) operation ever conduc
2、ted, the large ship was finally moved to the upright position. The next step is for the vessel to be removed from the area entirely. The Costa Concordia is twice the weight of the Titanic. The ship itself didn“t budge (稍微移动) for the first three hours of the operation, Sergio Girotto told reporters.
3、He and other engineers worked for 19 hours before Concordia was declared completely upright. The Costa Concordia capsized on January 13, 2012, after its captain, Francesco Schettino, brought the ship too close to the shore. The ship hit coastal rocks, which caused serious damage and allowed water to
4、 pour in. Most of the 4,200 people on board made it to land safely, but more than 30 people were killed in the disaster. Two people remain missing. The Concordia“s captain is currently on trial for causing a shipwreck and abandoning his ship. The operation to right the ship is called parbuckling. Wh
5、ile parbuckling is a standard operation to right capsized ships, it has never before been used on such a large ship. Workers had been waiting for favorable weather conditions to undertake the operation. On Monday, authorities gave the final go-ahead. The process was expected to take no more than 12
6、hours. But problems with the large system of steel chains caused delays. Engineers worked through the night using cables and metal water tanks to roll the ship onto special platforms. The Concordia is expected to be pulled away from Giglio in the spring of 2014 and turned into scrap metal (废金属). The
7、 ship“s owner, Costa Cruises, will pay for the recovery, which has already cost more than 800 million.（分数：20.00）(1).Which of the following is the best title for the passage?（分数：4.00）A.Ship Safety ManagementB.Shipwrecks: an Environmental ThreatC.The Costa Concordia DisasterD.The Costa Concordia Salva
8、ge(2).The word “capsized“ in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _.（分数：4.00）A.turned overB.delayedC.departedD.set sail(3).According to the passage, the Concordia“s captain has been charged with causing the crash and _.（分数：4.00）A.drug useB.alcohol abuseC.abandoning his postD.setting fire(4).
9、According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：4.00）A.The Costa Concordia is three times the weight of the Titanic.B.Engineers in Italy have successfully righted the wrecked Concordia after an operation that lasted around 12 hours.C.The salvage operation went ahead despite b
10、ad weather conditions.D.As a common means of righting wrecked ships, parbuckling had never been carried out on a vessel of the Concordia“s size.(5).What will happen to the Concordia eventually?（分数：4.00）A.It will be pulled away to be broken up for scrap metal.B.It will be repaired and put into use ag
11、ain.C.It will be turned into a museum for tourists.D.It will be sunk to the ocean floor.三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Would you risk your life for a country that considered you a second-class citizen? Would you join a military that asked you to risk sacrificing your life but separated you from other so
12、ldiers because of the color of your skin? That is precisely what the Tuskegee Airmen did. They were brave, intelligent, African-American men and women who fought for the United States in World War . In 1940, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt agreed to allow African Americans to fly airplanes in th
13、e military. Before that, African Americans could only serve in the Armed Forces as part of the ground troops. The first African American airmen reported for duty in 1941. They began their training outside of Tuskegee, Alabama. The soldiers were completely separated by race and the two races could no
14、t communicate. About 450 African American pilots finished the training. These men were the original Tuskegee Airmen. The Tuskegee Airmen had an amazing record. They did not lose any of the bombers they were escorting (护航). When the war was over in 1945, the Tuskegee Airmen were heroes. But when they
15、 returned to America, they were appalled to find out that they were still treated like second-class citizens. They faced the same segregation (种族隔离) and discrimination (歧视) as they had before they began their training. Frederick Henry, one of the original Tuskegee Airmen, lives in Detroit, Michigan.
16、 Because he was from the North, he would often forget the segregation rules of the South. Once, Henry was on a bus alone with a white bus driver. Soon, after the two has talked for a while, a wave of other passengers came on the bus. A problem arose when some white passengers were still Standing, wh
17、ich was against the rules. Henry was put off the bus, even though he was the first person to board the bus and had paid his fare. One thing did change, however. In 1948, President Harry S. Truman signed an executive order prohibiting segregation on the military. Eventually, the Tuskegee Airmen were
18、officially thanked for their amazing efforts in the war.（分数：20.00）(1).Which of the following is the best title for the passage?（分数：4.00）A.American Soldiers in World War B.American Civil Rights MovementC.The Tuskegee AirmenD.Racial Discrimination in the U.S.(2).What does the word “appalled“ in the th
19、ird paragraph probably mean?（分数：4.00）A.Reluctant.B.Pleased.C.Shocked.D.Relieved.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that Henry _.（分数：4.00）A.refused to give up his seat to a white passengerB.refused to pay his bus fareC.had a fight with the bus driverD.was the last person to board the bus(4).In _
20、, President Harry S. Truman ordered to end military segregation.（分数：4.00）A.1940B.1941C.1945D.1948(5).According to the passage, which of the following statements about the Tuskegee Airmen is TURE?（分数：4.00）A.In World War , they never lost a bomber to enemy fire.B.They were the first group of black sol
21、diers ever trained by the ground troops.C.They were not subjected to racial discrimination in the army.D.They were already soldiers in the ground troops before their training at Tuskegee began.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Coffee is a powerful drink. On a personal level, it helps keep us awake and acti
22、ve. On a much general level, it has helped shape our history and continues to shape our culture. Coffee plants grow wild in parts of Africa and were probably used by travelling tribes (部落) for thousands of year, but it wasn“t until the 1400s that people figured out they could roast its seeds. “Then
23、it really took off,“ said historian Mark Pendergrast-author of Uncommon Grounds: the History of Coffee and How It Transformed Our World. By the 1500s, the drink had spread to coffeehouses across the Arab world, within another 150 years, it took Europe by storm. “It actually had a major impact on the
24、 rise of business,“ Pendergrast says. Coffeehouses became a spot not just to enjoy a cup but to exchange ideas. The insurance industry was founded hundreds of years ago in one of London“s 2,000 coffeehouses. Literature, newspapers and even the works of great composers like Bach and Beethoven were al
25、so inspired in coffeehouses. It is often said that after the Boston Tea Party of 1773, when American colonists (殖民者) attacked British tea ships and threw large boxes of tea into the harbor, Americans everywhere switched over to drinking coffee. “There“s a lot of truth to the story, I found,“ Penderg
26、rast says. He mentions a letter John Adams wrote to his wife, Abigail, in which the Founding Father declares his love of tea but says he will have to learn to accept coffee instead, because drinking tea had become unpatriotic (不爱国的). For all the upsides coffee has brought the modern world, it also b
27、rought its fair share of downsides, too. Europeans carried coffee with them as they colonized various parts of the world, and this frequently meant they made people into slaves in order to grow it.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following has nothing to do with coffee?（分数：4.00）A
28、.LiteratureB.NewspaperC.The insurance industryD.The oil industry(2).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?（分数：4.00）A.The Boston Tea Party took place in 1773.B.Europeans figured out ways to use coffee during the 1670s.C.During the 1770s, more and more Americans began to drink c
29、offee.D.Coffee is a refreshing drink.(3).The author of the book believes that _.（分数：4.00）A.drinking coffee was unpatrioticB.2,000 insurance companies were set up hundreds of years agoC.Europeans were responsible for the existence of slaveryD.coffee actually influenced the rise of business(4).The phr
30、ase “took off“ in the second paragraph means “_“.（分数：4.00）A.dropped to the groundB.became very successfulC.removed its coatD.went away suddenly(5).Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?（分数：4.00）A.When Coffee Became PopularB.Coffee Is a Powerful DrinkC.How Coffee Influenced
31、the Course of HistoryD.What Impact Coffee Has on Human Behavior五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate (有读写能力的) without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps
32、 in their understanding. This, however, has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach? Of course there will always be learning by osmosis (耳濡目染) in any school, but as a teache
33、r and primary school head I have found that a child“s moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue (美德). I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period p
34、rovides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed (使融入) itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case
35、with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives. It“s also a safe way for children to experience for t
36、hemselves how a lie usually goes out of control. Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong, we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, wh
37、en a student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as “That was really disrespectful and selfish of you!“ we draw out from them the required virtue: “When you“re walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?“（分数：20.00）(1).Which of the f
38、ollowing is the main idea of this passage?（分数：4.00）A.Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years.B.The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children.C.Kids throughout the population face the s
39、ame needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.D.Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.(2).We can infer from the first paragraph that _.（分数：4.00）A.there tends to be disagreement about what character education isB.most parents are not sat
40、isfied with the teaching methods adopted in schoolsC.the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skillsD.more and more schools are adopting strategies to improve school attendance(3).The word “philosophy“ in the first paragraph is closest in mea
41、ning to _.（分数：4.00）A.studyB.subjectC.viewpointD.investigation(4).The author is a _.（分数：4.00）A.teacherB.librarianC.reporterD.manager(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children?（分数：4.00）A.Story readings and discussions.B.Osmosis.C.Taking every opp
42、ortunity to teach character.D.Role play.六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30 and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic (北极) is home. Polar
43、bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt (融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue,
44、 the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the world“s 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too. Polar bears can“t survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice. Although these bear
45、s are strong swimmers, they are no .match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter, the bear waits motionless beside a seal“s breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before
46、the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its pay. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return. With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat
47、. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs (大片浮冰) , and they can“t always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, who provide them with fo
48、od. Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. “The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance we“ll alter our warming path in time to save them,“ he says.（分数：10.00）(1).Whic
49、h is the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Climate Change in the ArcticB.How to Protect the EnvironmentC.The Arctic Is Home to Polar BearsD.Polar Bears in Danger(2).Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?（分数：2.00）A.On land.B.In open water.C.In openings in the sea ice.D.At the bottom of the sea.(3).The word “cubs“ in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to _.（分数：2.00）A.adultsB.babiesC.huntersD.enemies(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.Starving polar bears are increasingly coming
