1、北京成人本科学士学位-3 及答案解析(总分：63.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The U.S. Department of Labor statistics indicate that there is an oversupply of college-trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there is an overabundance of teachers, engineer
2、s, physicists and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to compete for jobs that aren“t there. The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require
3、a college degree. These “temporary“ jobs have a habit of becoming permanent. On the other hand, there is a tremendous need for skilled workers of all sorts: carpenters, electricians, mechanics, and TV repairmen. These people have more work than they can handle and their annual incomes are often high
4、er than those of college graduates. The old distinction that white-collar workers make a better living than blue-collar workers no longer holds true. The reason for this situation is the traditional myth that a college degree is a passport to a prosperous future. Parents begin telling their children
5、 this myth before they are out of grade school. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not doesn“t matter. Everybody should go to college. One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there. Of the si
6、xty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the U.S. Department of Labor Statistics show?（分数：2.00）A.There is an ove
7、rsupply of labor force and this oversupply is increasing.B.Many college graduates find it difficult to get jobs for which they were trained.C.There is a short supply of teachers, engineers and other professions.D.There are more temporary jobs than permanent ones in U.S. companies.(2).What does the a
8、uthor mean by saying “these “temporary“ jobs have a habit of becoming permanent“ ?（分数：2.00）A.Once college graduates take a temporary job, they soon become used to it.B.College graduates have developed the habit of taking temporary jobs.C.Many college graduates might never find jobs for which they we
9、re trained.D.More and more college graduates are unwilling to change their jobs.(3).What is implied but not stated in the passage is that in the past _.（分数：2.00）A.blue-collar workers made a better living than white-collar workersB.college and graduate schools trained more skilled workersC.there were
10、 more white-collar workers than blue-collar workersD.there were less white-collar workers than blue-collar workers(4).By “many people go to college who do not belongthere,“ the author means that _.（分数：2.00）A.many people who are not fit for college education go to collegeB.many people who don“t have
11、adequate financial support go to collegeC.many people who go to college drop out within one or two yearsD.many people who go to college find the courses are not interesting(5).We can conclude that the author believes _.（分数：2.00）A.every young man and woman should go to collegeB.more young people shou
12、ld be trained for skilled jobsC.people with higher education should receive higher payD.the government should offer more opportunities for college graduates三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th century cafes of London, where citizens gather
13、ed to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modem Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare. And yet, city life isn“t easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the re
14、sults are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self control. While it“s long been recognized that city
15、 life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so. One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more
16、 quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life. This research arriv
17、es just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide open spaces, we“re crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of strangers. In recent years, it“s become clear that such unnat
18、ural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think. This research is also leading some scientists to dabble (涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. The good news is that even slight
19、alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life. The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is the main idea o
20、f this passage?（分数：2.00）A.The city inspires talented people.B.The city hurts your brain.C.The city has many pleasures and benefits.D.The city seriously affects the natural balance.(2).The word “metropolis“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _.（分数：2.00）A.citizenB.natureC.cityD.stress(3).
21、People have just come to realize that _.（分数：2.00）A.human attention is a scarce resourceB.city life can make people very tiredC.the city is an engine of intellectual lifeD.an urban environment is damaging to the brain(4).What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital pati
22、ents recover more quickly?（分数：2.00）A.Nature.B.Better treatment.C.Experienced doctors.D.Good medicine.(5).According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self control
23、.B.Small changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.C.For the first time in history, the earth“s population is more urban than rural.D.A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In the United States elementary education
24、begins at the age of six. At this stage nearly all the teachers are women, mostly married. The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested. The old authoritarian (要绝对服从的) methods of education w
25、ere discredited (不被认可) rather a long time ago-so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction. The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that
26、human beings in a Society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on cooperation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in th
27、is sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one
28、another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children _.（分数：2.00）A.sensible and sensitiveB.competitive and interestedC.curious and friendlyD.happy and cooperative(2).Some Americans compla
29、in about elementary schools because they think _.（分数：2.00）A.children are reluctant to help each otherB.schools lay too much emphasis on cooperationC.children should grow up with competitive ideasD.schools give little actual instruction to children(3).The author“s attitude towards American education
30、can be best described as _.（分数：2.00）A.favorableB.negativeC.tolerantD.unfriendly(4).The American educational system emphasizes _.（分数：2.00）A.material wealthB.competitionC.cooperationD.personal benefit(5).The word “sociable“ (Line 8, Paragraph 2) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.fond of talking freelyB
31、.friendly with other peopleC.concerned about social welfareD.happy at school五、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：10，分数：11.50)1.There is no hurry. You can take your time _ those exercises.（分数：1.00）A.doingB.to doC.doneD.to be doing2._ you say, he won“t listen to you.（分数：1.00）A.No matter whereB.No matter whatC.How
32、everD.whichever3.It“s no use _ any longer. He may come by any bus.（分数：1.00）A.waitingB.to waitC.having waitedD.to have waited4.None of us knew the change had come _.（分数：2.00）A.acrossB.aboutC.overD.down5.Tom is _ many other people who work here.（分数：1.00）A.junior toB.junior thanC.more junior toD.more j
33、unior than6.For many overseas Chinese, China is their real _, because they were born and grew up there.（分数：2.00）A.homeB.familyC.houseD.household7.Sorry, officer. I_at 80 miles but I didn“t see any sign in the area telling people how fast fhey can drive.（分数：1.00）A.should not driveB.shouldn“t have dri
34、venC.mustn“t driveD.can“t drive8.The comments which he made _ marketing bothered his boss greatly.（分数：1.00）A.being concernedB.concernedC.be concernedD.concerning9.If you are going to write textbooks or _ tests, you“ve got to know the levels of the students well.（分数：0.50）A.createB.composeC.produceD.d
35、ispose10.What can we do for them _ all the help they have given us?（分数：1.00）A.in regard toB.in return forC.in honour ofD.in reply to六、Part Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Section A(总题数：5，分数：9.00)11.Now, taking books, or anything else, from a little girl is like taking candy from a baby, but the father o
36、f the little girl had his way and Robert got two of her books. （分数：1.00）_12.In Germany, nuclear power has been a repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for decades. （分数：2.00）_13.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. （分数：2.00）_14.Earthquake is a shaking of the ground c
37、aused by the sudden breaking and the shifting of large sections of the earth“s rocky outer shell. （分数：2.00）_15.Later, Charles went back to school for two more years. （分数：2.00）_八、Section B(总题数：8，分数：13.00)16.故事怎样结局? （分数：1.00）_17.会议看起来没完没了了。 （分数：1.00）_18.每当我学习中遇到困难，他总是来帮助我。 （分数：2.00）_19.想去图书馆的人必须在这里签名。
38、 （分数：2.00）_20.我很想买这本英文词典，遗憾的是我身上带的钱不够。 （分数：1.00）_21.我宁愿骑车而不是步行去上班。 （分数：2.00）_22.戒烟需要有很大的决心。 （分数：2.00）_23.你一到那儿请务必给我写信。 （分数：2.00）_北京成人本科学士学位-3 答案解析(总分：63.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The U.S. Department of Labor statistics indicate that there is an overs
39、upply of college-trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there is an overabundance of teachers, engineers, physicists and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to compete for jobs that aren“t there. The resu
40、lt is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree. These “temporary“ jobs have a habit of becoming permanent. On the other hand, there is a tremendous need for skilled workers of all sorts: carpenters, ele
41、ctricians, mechanics, and TV repairmen. These people have more work than they can handle and their annual incomes are often higher than those of college graduates. The old distinction that white-collar workers make a better living than blue-collar workers no longer holds true. The reason for this si
42、tuation is the traditional myth that a college degree is a passport to a prosperous future. Parents begin telling their children this myth before they are out of grade school. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not doesn“t matter. Everybody should go to
43、college. One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there. Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two
44、 or three years and then give up.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the U.S. Department of Labor Statistics show?（分数：2.00）A.There is an oversupply of labor force and this oversupply is increasing.B.Many college graduates find it difficult to get jobs for which they were trained. C.There is a short supply of te
45、achers, engineers and other professions.D.There are more temporary jobs than permanent ones in U.S. companies.解析：解析 见第一段第四句：The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree。不要选 A，文章说的是大学毕业生过剩，没说劳动力过剩。(2).What does the author mean by saying “these “temporary“ jobs have a habit of becoming permanent“ ?（分数：2.00）A.Once college graduates take a temporary job, they soon become used to it.B.College graduates have developed the h
