1、初级银行综合类-2(听力部分暂无答案)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B听力题/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Part OneDirections: In this section, you will hear some short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. During the paus
2、e, you must read the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：5.00）A.The Fed raised interest rate by 0.25%.B.The Fed wanted to lower the unemployment rate.C.The F
3、ed wanted to control inflation.D.The Fed increased two key interest rates.A.husband and wifeB.teacher and studentC.banker and his customerD.employer and employeeA.the market pricesB.the expansion of the bankC.hiring new staffD.the cost of the bank operationA.The bank theyre talking about is doing we
4、ll.B.They made a lot of money as a loan shark.C.They are discussing interest rate as an important monetary policy tool.D.It is very competitive in obtaining low interest rate loans.A.mergersB.acquisitionsC.taxD.stock market二、BPart Two/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear two sh
5、ort passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. The passages and the questions will be spoken only ONCE. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single
6、 line through the center.BPassage One/B（分数：2.00）A.to Smooth the money flow.B.to add money supply to the world.C.to give IMF members privileges.D.to give World Bank members privileges.A.Anybody can apply for SDRs.B.Only governments can purchase SDRs.C.SDRs are used for some certain transaction.D.SDRs
7、 are used for monetary policies.BPassage Two/B（分数：3.00）A.They are numbers in the accounting books of IMF.B.They are privileges.C.They are conditions.D.They are visible currencies.A.German markB.Pound sterlingC.U. S. dollarD.French franc(3).a. 1970 B. 1979 C. 1980 D. 1981（分数：1.00）_三、B单项选择/B(总题数：10，分数
8、：10.00)1.There will be no change in the interest rate during the _ of the mortgage.（分数：1.00）A.A. life B.B. limit C.C. title2.Interest rates are high because money is _.（分数：1.00）A.A. guaranteed B.B. variable C.C. tight3.Lisa and Frank Edwards developed a _ of monthly expenses to see how much money th
9、ey would have left over to make loan payments on a refrigerator.（分数：1.00）A.A. data B.B. profile C.C. consumer credit4.Were paying for the furniture we bought in monthly _.（分数：1.00）A.A. installments B.B. budgets C.C. credit bureau5.The bank uses a _ to find out how prospective borrowers repaid their
10、past debts.（分数：1.00）A.A. profile B.B. loan agreement C.C. credit bureau6.Mr. Harriss application for a loan was approved because he is _.（分数：1.00）A.A. creditworthy B.B. on time C.C. capacity7.He wants to get a loan to _ some improvements in his factory.（分数：1.00）A.A. fluctuate B.B. adjust C.C. financ
11、e8.Theyll never get a mortgage; theyre bad _.（分数：1.00）A.A. risks B.B. mortgages C.C. finance9.A mortgage is a type of _.（分数：1.00）A.A. supply B.B. conveyance C.C. limit10.Because the borrower defaulted on his repayment of the loan, the bank will hold the _ responsible.（分数：1.00）A.A. reporting agency B
12、.B. co-signer C.C. budget四、B完型填空/B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Check, draw, rate of exchange, commission, endorse, subject to, current, guaranted, participate, denominationsA person who has a U(21) /U account with a bank can obtain cash in other countries in various ways. The most common method is the purchase o
13、f travellers cheques.He can also use his Eurocheque card as identification to U(22) /U his cheques. Or he can U(23) /U on his account in his own country, which means that the cashier will have to telephone, cable, or telex his branch for confirmation. He will have to U(24) /U the cheque, that is wri
14、te his signature on the back. Most of the major banks in Europe U(25) /U in the Eurocheque scheme.When cashier handle travellers cheques, they must U(26) /U that the counter signature is the same as the signature. The holder must then produce his passport as identification.When the formalities are c
15、ompleted, the cashier can issue banknotes and coins to the customer, using the current, U(27) /U to calculate how much to issue. Travellers cheques have the advantages of convenience and safety. They can be issued in U(28) /U of 10, 25, 50, 100 and 250, U(29) /U exchange control regulations, they mu
16、st pay a small U(30) /U, or service charge as it is called in the USA.（分数：20.00）(1).（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、B阅读理解/B(总题数：2，分数：16.00)B Who can spot the risks?/BThe grand circle that regulators have to square is this: how to establish a framework
17、 of regulation that accommodates the characteristics of the traditional specialised banking system and mark it off from other businesses. With the sort of diversified financial services that are actually evolving, the era of strictly compartmentalised financial institutions is passing, leaving the r
18、egulatory system designed to match it looking increasingly out of date.A single omnipotent, omniscient regulator for all financial services remains dream. Many say it will stay that way, pointing out how long it took to get agreement just on rudimentary international rules for the capital adequacy o
19、f banks. Yet regulators everywhere acknowledge the need to cooperate more closely with their opposite numbers across industrial and geographical boundaries. They also agree that greater harmonisation of regulatory standards on everything from reporting requirements to risk assessment will come surel
20、y, if slowly.Much of that is likely to be mere tidying up. A good place to start in America would be scrapping the separate regulation of thrifts, If they have been there is little reason not to regulate them as banks (and especially given the mess thrift regulators have made of the job) . It is wha
21、t Japan has sensibly done by making its equivalent of thrifts, so go banks, choose to be either credit unions or to become commercial banks. Britain, too, has let those of its building societies with ambitions to be banks, and to be regulated as such.These are moves in another right direction to swi
22、tch away from regulation by institution, as mostly happens now, to regulation by function. This means that regulation becomes a matter of supervising what is done rather than who does it.Unsystematic deregulation has brought the system to its present ugly pass. This has left an increasing number of
23、competitive anomalies. Much of the pressure for, and resistance to, further change comes from those institutions that wish to alleviate or entrench their market disadvantage. In both America and Japan, the debates about reforming the domestic financial systems, and in particular about updating Glass
24、 - Steagall and Article 65 respectively, have been slowed by political horse - trading. This is making worse a situation in which competition is keeping the prices of many financial services artificially low and capacity artificially great in a way that cannot be sustained for long. Systemic risk ge
25、ts greater, not less, the longer the system is skewed.The point is long past at which regulators might have been able to force market practices back into the old regulatory framework. The global competitive and technological forces against them are too powerful. Neither is the option of turning back
26、 the clock through re - regulation feasible, and few regulators show signs either of wanting to undertake such a course, or of having the stomach for the political fight it would entail. Even in Japan, where regulators hold a sway over their industries that their counterparts in Europe and America c
27、an only envy, and where the financial system is being emerging new economy. This is being done with the grain of market forces, not against it.（分数：8.00）(1).Which “circle“ do “the regulators have to square“ according to paragraph 1?（分数：2.00）A.To create a regulatory system that controls banks tightly
28、enough.B.To create a regulatory system that treats banks exactly like other financial institutions.C.To create a regulatory system which limits financial innovations.D.To create a regulatory system which provides a special position for banks.(2).Which of the following sentences do you think is the f
29、irst sentence of Paragraph 3?（分数：2.00）A.The history of attempted bank regulation extends far back to the early days of the foundation of the Bank of England.B.Bankers in America are complaining that proposed deregulation of financial institutions there will open the way to increase foreign competiti
30、on.C.Nonetheless, few foresee anything but the most limited merging of existing regulatory agencies, even within single countries.D.Japans central bank has just announced liberalised arrangements for banks wishing to raise more capital.(3).The first sentence of the next paragraph is “Unsystematic de
31、regulation has brought the sys- tem to its present ugly pass.“ You think the main topic of this paragraph will be:（分数：2.00）A.a description of the faults of the present system.B.a description of the positive points of the present system.C.a description of the future changes in the system.D.a descript
32、ion of the regulations controlling insurance companies.(4).Which of the following are mentioned in Paragraph 5 as being problems in the present sys- tem?（分数：2.00）A.Prices are too high and capacity too low.B.Change is being stopped by vested interests.C.Politics are preventing reform in some countrie
33、s.D.Risk is decreasing by keeping the present system.B Types of risks/BSo far we have used the term “risk“ rather loosely. One type of risk is default risk, that is, the risk that the borrower will simply not repay the loan, due to either dishonesty or plain inability to do so. Another type of risk,
34、 called purchasing - power risk, is the risk that, due to an unexpectedly high inflation rate, the future interest payments, and the principal of the loan when finally repaid, will have less purchasing power than the lender anticipated at the time the loan was made. A similar risk is faced by borrow
35、ers. A borrower may cheerfully agree to pay, say, 15 percent interest, expecting that a 12 percent inflation rate will reduce the real value of the loan. But inflation may be only 4 percent.A third type of risk is called “interest - rate risk“ or “market risk“, that is, the risk that the market valu
36、e of a security will fall because interest rates will rise. We will discuss this further later; here we just present the intuitive idea. Suppose that five years ago you bought a ten-year 1 000 bond carrying a 6 percent interest rate, and tile interest rate now obtainable on similar bonds also have f
37、ive years to go until they mature is 8 percent. Would anyone pay 1 000 for your bond? Surely not, because they could earn 80 per year by buying a new bond, and only 60 per year by buying your bond. Hence, to sell your bond you would have to reduce its price. But suppose the bond, instead of having f
38、ive years to maturity, would mature in, say, ninety days, what would its price be then? It would still be less than 1 000 since the buyer would get 6 percent instead of 8 percent interest for ninety days; but since getting a lower interest sell for only ninety days does not involve much of a loss, t
39、he bond would sell for something close to 1 000. Hence, while holding any security with a fixed interest rate involves some interest - rate risk, the closer to maturity a security is, the lower is this risk. On the other hand, if interest rates fall you gain because your bond is worth more; and the
40、longer the time until the bond matures, the greater is your gain. But the fact that you may gain as well as lose does not mean that you are taking no risk.DiversificationAll three types of risks are relevant for deciding what assets to include in a portfolio, and what debts to have outstanding. (The
41、 term portfolio means the collection of assets one owns.) Anyone holding more than one type of asset has to consider not the risk of each asset taken by itself, but the totality of the risk on various assets and debts jointly. Suppose someone holds stock in a company that is likely to gain from infl
42、ation. The riskiness of a portfolio that combines both of these stocks may be less than the riskiness of each stock taken separately. A port- folio consisting of assets that are affected in opposite directions by given future events is less risky than are the assets that compose it when taken indivi
43、dually. Hence a low-risk portfolio need not contain only assets that individually have little risk; sometimes one reduces the riskiness of a portfolio by adding some high - risk assets that offset the risks of other assets in it.（分数：8.00）(1).For Paragraph 1 choose the summary which you think best ex
44、presses the main idea.A. The existence of inflation produces purchasing - power risk.B. Purchasing - power risk involves a loss in the value of money loaned or borrowed be- cause of higher or lower inflation than expected.C. Purchasing - power risk produced by an inflation higher than expected affec
45、ts lenders only.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.(2).Choose the summary that best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2.A. If you have purchased a fixed interest - rate security, then both the cash - in value and the interest you receive remain constant throughout the life of that security.B. Buying a fixed interest
46、 - rate security of a limited term is very risky because any interest rate changes will produce a loss of cash - in value.C. Buying a fixed length security with a fixed interest rate means that the cash - in value of that security will change as interest rates in general change.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.(3).Ch
47、oose the summary that best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 3.A. The risk factor in a portfolio can be reduced by including assets whose risks are complementary, i. e. , if one loses value because of particular circumstances the other gains because of those circumstances.B. One should try to eli
48、minate all risks from ones portfolio by only buying very safe shares.C. Under no circumstances should a careful investor add high risk assets to his/her portfolio even though the income or capital gain that may be received from that high risk asset could be very large.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.(4).Find words in the text that have the meaning of failure to keep an agreement:（分数：2.00）A.defaultB.loseC.gainD.anticipate六、B英释汉/B(总题数：2，分
