1、Manners+and+Customs 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：5.00)BPart A/BI For questions 1 -5, you will hear a passage. Listen and answer the questions with the information youve heard. Write not more than 3 words in each blank. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 second
2、s to read the questions below./I（分数：5.00）(1).The main subject of the talk last time was _ of early agriculture-based society.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Most of the corn was dried and then _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The advantage of this method was that the dried corn could be stored for long periods of time wit
3、hout _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The first harvest was the _ corn harvest.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The farmers used the dried husks to make different kinds of things like mats, moccasins, dolls and _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).Who call the seconds, regulate the mode of fighting and
4、enforce the rules the fights have agreed on?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).When did the custom of dueling begin?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Who brought the custom of dueling to America?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Where did the dueling lose favor?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).When did dueling decline in the South?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart
5、 C/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)IQuestions 11 -13 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11 -13./I（分数：3.00）(1).In which year does Thanksgiving date back to _.（分数：1.00）A.1616.B.1620.C.1621.D.1607.(2).When did the story of the May Flower actually begin around?（分数：1.00）A.1610
6、.B.1600.C.1620.D.1630.(3).Why did these pilgrims decided to move to America in 1616?（分数：1.00）A.Because they were still persecuted.B.Because their living conditions were miserable.C.Because they were separated from their homeland.D.Because they were not satisfied with their lack of the religious and
7、civil self-control.IQuestions 14 -16 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 14 -16./I（分数：3.00）(1).What do Swiss people like to do in the evening?（分数：1.00）A.Listening to music.B.Swimming.C.Walking.D.Going to movies.(2).Which of the following is mentioned as a po
8、ssibility of outdoor sporting activities?（分数：1.00）A.Running.B.Cycling.C.Fishing.D.Hunting.(3).Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Swiss people are very frank.B.Switzerland has a favorable climate for sporting activities.C.Switzerland has a variety of attractions.D.Switz
9、erland is one of the most beautiful countries in Europe.IQuestions 17-20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read questions 17 -20./I（分数：4.00）(1).Which continent where children are taught to be silent in front of elders is mentioned?（分数：1.00）A.Europe.B.North American.C.Asi
10、a.D.South American.(2).In parts of India, under what kind of situation would an adult not be allowed to enter into the decision-making discussions（分数：1.00）A.If his aged parents were still in the family circle.B.If his aged parents were still living.C.If his aged parents were dead.D.If he has older s
11、isters or brothers.(3).What do many foreigners think of American young people?（分数：1.00）A.Reticent and quiet.B.Brash, immodest, rude and disrespectful.C.Unresponsive.D.Lacking in self-confidence.(4).What does it mean for a student to ask questions in class in many countries except America?（分数：1.00）A.
12、It may mean that the teacher is a good teacher.B.It may mean that the student is thoughtful.C.It may mean that the student is uninformed and that he is implying that the teacher has been unclear.D.It may mean that the student considers the teacher to be ineffective.四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Ma
13、ny Americans find silence uncomfortable during a buffet or a formal dinner. U(21) /Uin the States there is the U(22) /U practice of making “small talk“ in certain social situation. Small talk deals U(23) /U various topics, superficially, simply for the sake of keeping a conversation U(24) /U. The to
14、pics U(25) /U include the weather, sports, college courses, clothing, food, etc. Small talk is U(26) /U useful at social gathering when you meet someone for the first time, or when polite conversation is expected but no serious discussion U(27) /U.It is common but not necessarily expected that one s
15、hould know U(28) /U in a group before engaging him or her in conversation. U(29) /U, at a party or U(30) /U informal social gatherings, a simple “ May I join you?“ and a self-introduction is normally sufficient U(31) /U acceptance into a group and to join in a conversation. In some U(32) /U , such a
16、s the lobby of a concert hall or theater, a waiting room or a classroom, it is common for U(33) /U to start a conversation even U(34) /U an introduction.U (35) /U the informality that pervades U. S. society, people in the States expect those whom they U(36) /U to put aside U(37) /U they are doing an
17、d listen. As a U(38) /U, the conversation distance between two people is at least two or three U(39) /U. Standing at a closer range will make many Americans feel U(40) /U.（分数：20.00）A.ButB.AndC.SoD.OrA.goodB.badC.differentD.widespreadA.withB.atC.inD.outA.goB.goingC.goesD.to goA.mustB.shouldC.mightD.w
18、ouldA.perhapsB.hardlyC.widelyD.especiallyA.is desiredB.desiredC.desiresD.will desireA.manB.someoneC.womanD.childA.OtherwiseB.ButC.HoweverD.ThereforeA.anotherB.othersC.anyD.otherA.to gainB.to giveC.to makeD.to acceptA.roomsB.placesC.hallD.houseA.the youngB.the oldC.strangersD.peopleA.withB.byC.ifD.wi
19、thoutA.DespiteB.ThoughC.As ifD.Because ofA.speakB.speak toC.speak atD.spokeA.howeverB.wheneverC.whateverD.whoeverA.wholeB.resultC.matterD.ruleA.feetB.metersC.inchesD.milesA.uneaseB.uneasyC.unequalD.unfair五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPassage 1/BAmericans have a craze for the sun, a belief that su
20、n will cure chronic illness, and that where there is sunshine there will be a job or, if not a job, at least a warm, pleasant place to be unemployed. There will be low electricity bills, and no need to spend much on clothes ! There will be the simple luxury of being able to sit on the porch the whol
21、e year round in an open-necked shirt or a swimsuit.The most desirable place in the American sun is the coastline of southern California, for here the climate is Mediterranean. It is rarely too hot and rarely too cold. This being so, the price of apartment and rents, and land for building homes, is b
22、eyond the means of the average sun-seeker.The neighboring state of New Mexico is now waiting with dread for the flux of sunworshippers. New Mexico is proud of its wild mountains and deserts and its two romantic rivers, the Rio Grande and the Rio Peeks. A former governor of the State wrote: “We can n
23、o longer afford the luxury of developers who care greatly for the profits of land use but little for the land itself.“To many New Mexicans, Californias greatest city, Los Angeles, is the perfect example of what a city should not be. There are more automobiles per head of population in Los Angeles th
24、an in any other American city. Until unleaded gasoline was introduced car fumes were a danger to health and the Los Angeles smog was as Londons fog used to be.Florida is perhaps the most popular state in the Sun Belt. In fact, it calls itself “The Sun-shine State.“ It has a subtropical climate and i
25、s ideal for a winter vacation. From November to March northerners and easterners come in their tens of thousands to lie on the warm, sandy beaches of Miami. Palm beach and the other resorts along the coast. But Florida is also full of retired people. They have for years been coming to spend their la
26、st days in the subtropical sun. Many of them are poor and live in tiny houses or apartments. But they do not have to worry about the dreaded winter cold. They do not have to buy warm clothes. They can live reasonably contented on their pensions.More and more houses in the Sun Belt use solar energy f
27、or their heating. So far the heat from the sun can only be used in a passive role, that is to say, it can be stored and used for heating the house and the washing water-but it cannot yet be turned into energy for cooking or for lighting. However, experiments are going on in southern Arizona, and sci
28、entists hope that before too long it will be possible to feed energy from the sun directly into the national electricity grid. One day Americas sunshine may become one of her greatest assets.（分数：5.00）(1).What belief do Americans have?（分数：1.00）A.They believe that the sun will be the panacea.B.They be
29、lieve that sunshine will provide a warm, pleasant place for unemployed people.C.They believe that sunshine will save electricity but not the expense on clothes.D.They believe that an open-necked shirt or swimsuit is the luxury.(2).Why is the coastline of Southern California the most desirable place
30、in the American sun?（分数：1.00）A.Because the climate is tropical.B.Because the average sun-seeker can afford to live there.C.Because it is seldom too hot and seldom too cold.D.Because the price of apartments and rents are reasonable.(3).What does the word “dread“ in the third paragraph mean?（分数：1.00）A
31、.Longing.B.Patience.C.Curiosity.D.Worry.(4).Why have retired people been coming to spend their last days in Florida?（分数：1.00）A.They can afford to do so on their pensions.B.They are provided with a decent sum of pensions.C.The food there is good for their health.D.They can earn some extra money there
32、.(5).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：1.00）A.Solar energy can be used for heating, washing, cooking and lighting.B.Solar energy can only be used in a passive role now.C.Solar energy can be fed directly into the national electricity grid.D.Solar energy can become Americas greatest proper
33、ty one day.BPassage 2/BWhen it comes to foods, America is not just the fattest country on earth but probably the most schizophrenic as well-home to the Big Mac and Weight Watchers, the super model and the couch potato.The love-hate relationship with food was examined in the documentary “Fat“ which a
34、ired on November 3, and if there is any comfort for the more than 90 million overweight Americans its that the rest of the world is also getting fatter.“There is an enormous pressure on people to be thin and to be physically fit but at the same time there is a tremendous pressure and inducement to e
35、at, “Or Kelly Brownell, professor of psychology at Yale University and a participant in the programme, said in an interview. “You will see a Baskin Robbins next to Weight Watchers. Youll see a Family Circle magazine with a delicious chocolate cake on the cover beside a diet article, “said Brownell.
36、“At the same time as we have record levels of obesity, we have record levels of eating disorders too,“ he said.The desire to eat fatty food came from a primitive survival instinct to store enough energy in good times to ensure survival when food was scare. But in a modern urban society, where fast f
37、ood chains appear on almost every block, the instinct to eat far has begun to work against us.The documentary claims that nowhere is the exposure to junk food more prevalent than in the United States, where the problem has been compounded by the increasingly sedentary modern lifestyle. It also says
38、that members of Arizonas Pima Indian tribe are the fattest people in the fattest country on earth. Until recently the tribe lived a simple life, but in 1984 when the tribe won a gaming stream. Today the tribe is plagued by obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Just 800 kms south in Mexico,
39、 another branch of the Pima tribe continues to live a traditional life and eats a traditional diets. These Pima have none of the problems of their American counterparts, who are on average 27kgs heavier.Part of the problem, according to Brownetl, is the intense advertising of junk food in the United
40、 States. The average American child sees thousands of TV commercials each year, most of which advertise fast food, candy and sodas.The food environment has become so “toxic“ according to the documentary, that some US schools even offers fast food such as McDonalds and Burger King in school cafeteria
41、s.（分数：5.00）(1).“If there is any comfort for the more than 90 million overweight Americans its that the rest of the world is also getting fatter.“ What does this sentence mean?（分数：1.00）A.Overweight Americans will be glad to see the rest of he world is getting fatter.B.Actually there is no comfort at
42、all for overweight Americans.C.The rest of the world had sympathy on overweight Americans.D.Overweight Americans dislike thin person.(2).What does “weight watchers“ refer to?（分数：1.00）A.Persons who measure weight.B.Obesity person.C.Thin person.D.Americans.(3).What does “the instinct to eat fat has be
43、gun to work against us“ mean?（分数：1.00）A.Fast food does offer enough fat to our bodies.B.Fast food makes the instinct decrease.C.Fast food offers too much fat to absorb.D.The instinct refuse to receive the fat in fast food.(4).Compared with Arizonas Pima Indian, Pima diet in Mexico remains healthy be
44、cause _.（分数：1.00）A.they are far away from AmericaB.they are thinC.they lives comfortably than those Arizonas PimaD.they dont follow Americans to eat junk food(5).What does “toxic“ mean?（分数：1.00）A.Convenient.B.Ideal.C.Poisonous.D.Safe.BPassage 3/BWise compromise is one of the basic principles and vir
45、tues of the British.If a continental greengrocer asks 14 shillings (or crown, or francs) for a bunch of radishes, and his customer offers 2, and finally they strike bargain agreeing on 6 shillings, this is just the low continental habit of bargaining; on the other hand if the British dock-workers or
46、 any other workers claim a rise of 4 shillings per day, and the employers first flatly refuse even a penny, but after a six weeks strike they agree to a rise of 2 shillings a day-that is yet another proof of the British genius for compromise. Bargaining is a repulsive habit; compromise is one of the
47、 highest human virtues-the difference between the two being that the first is practiced on the Continent, the latter in Great Britain.The genius for compromise has another aspect, too. It has a tendency to unite together everything which is bad. English club life, for instance, unites the liabilitie
48、s of social life with the boredom of solitude. An average English house combines all the curses of civilization with the ups and downs of life in the open. It is all right to have windows, but you must not have double windows because double would indeed stop the wind from blowing right into the room, and after all, you must be fair and give the wind a chance. It is all right to have central heating in an English hom
