1、GRE-练习十及答案解析(总分：28.00，做题时间：90 分钟)Note: Although the reading passages on the computer-based GRE range from 50 to 400 words in length, the paper-based GRE taken by students in foreign countries includes reading passages of up to 800 words in length. Therefore, the following practice exercises present
2、a selection of long and short passages to help students to prepare for either the computer-based or the paperbased test.Directions: Each of the following reading comprehension questions is based on the content of the following passage. Read the passage and then determine the best answer choice for e
3、ach question. Base your choice on what this passage states directly or implies, not on any information you may have gained elsewhere.One phase of the business cycle is theexpansion phase. This phase is a twofold one,including recovery and prosperity. During Line the recovery period there is ever-gro
4、wing(5) expansion of existing facilities, and new facil-ities for production are created. More busi-nesses are created and older ones expanded.Improvements of various kinds are made.There is an ever-increasing optimism about(10) the future of economic growth. Much capi-tal is invested in machinery o
5、r “heavy“ indus-try. More labor is employed. More materialsare required. As one part of the economydevelops, other parts are affected. For exam-(15) ple, a great expansion in automobiles resultsin an expansion of the steel, glass, and rubberindustries. Roads are required; thus thecement and machiner
6、y industries are stimu-lated. Demand for labor and materials results(20) in greater prosperity for workers and suppliersof raw materials, including farmers. Thisincreases purchasing power and the volume ofgoods bought and sold. Thus, prosperity isdiffused among the various segments of the(25) popula
7、tion. This prosperity period may con-tinue to rise and rise without an apparent end.However, a time comes when this phasereaches a peak and stops spiraling upwards.This is the end of the expansion phase.（分数：3.00）(1).Which of the following statements best exemplifies the optimism mentioned in the bol
8、dfaced sentence of the passage as being part of the expansion phase?A. Public funds are designated for the construction of new highways designed to stimulate tourism.B.Industrial firms allocate monies for the purchase of machine tools.C. The prices of agricultural commodities are increased at the pr
9、oducer level.D. Full employment is achieved at all levels of the economy.E. As technology advances, innovative businesses replace antiquated firms.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes thatA. when consumers lose their confidence in the market, a recessio
10、n followsB. cyclical ends to business expansion are normalC. luxury goods such as jewelry are unaffected by industrial expansionD. with sound economic policies, prosperity can become a fixed patternE. the creation of new products is essential for prosperity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.(3).Which of the followi
11、ng statements would be most likely to begin the paragraph immediately following the passage?A. Union demands may also have an effect on business cycles.B. Some industries are, by their very nature, cyclical, having regular phases of expansion and recession.C. Information is a factor that must be tak
12、en into consideration in any discussion of the expansion phase.D. The farmers role during the expansion phase is of vital importance.E. The other phase of the business cycle is called the recession phase.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.Both plants and animals of many sorts showremarkable changes in form, structu
13、re, growthhabits, and even mode of reproduction inLine becoming adapted to a different climatic envi-(5) ronment, type of food supply, or mode of liv-ing. This divergence in response to evolution iscommonly expressed by altering the form andfunction of some part or parts of the organism,the original
14、 identity of which is clearly dis-(10) cernible. For example, the creeping foot of thesnail is seen in related marine pteropods to bemodified into a flapping organ useful forswimming, and is changed into prehensilearms that bear suctorial disks in the squids(15) and other cephalopods. The limbs of v
15、ariousmammals are modified according to severaldifferent modes of life for swift running(cursorial) as in the horse and antelope; forswinging in trees (arboreal) as in the monkeys;(20) for digging (fossorial) as in the moles andgophers; for flying (volant) as in the bats; forswimming (aquatic) as in
16、 the seals, whales, anddolphins; and for other adaptations. Thestructures or organs that show main change in(25) connection with this adaptive divergence arecommonly identified readily as homologous,in spite of great alterations. Thus, the fingerand wrist bones of a bat and whale, forinstance, have
17、virtually nothing in common(30) except that they are definitely equivalent ele-ments of the mammalian limb.Directions: For the following question, consider each question separately and select all that apply.（分数：2.00）1.Although there are no physical differences between the visual organs of the two gr
18、oups, the inhabitants of the Bilge Islands, when shown a card displaying a spectrum of colors, perceived fewer colors than do most persons in the United States.Which of the following conclusions can most reliably be drawn from the information above?A. Human color perception is at least partly determ
19、ined by factors other than the physical structure of the visual organs.B. The Bilge Islanders are probably taught in childhood to recognize fewer colors than are persons in the United States.C. Differences in social structure probably affect color perception.D. Color perception in humans is influenc
20、ed by differences in physical environment.E. Bilge Islanders may have fewer terms denoting colors in their language than do English-speaking persons.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.The layer of air next to the earth, whichextends upward for about 10 miles, is knownas the troposphere. On the whole, the tropo-Line
21、 sphere makes up about 75% of all the weight(5) of the atmosphere. It is the warmest part ofthe atmosphere because most of the. solar radi-ation is absorbed by the earths surface, whichwarms the air immediately surrounding it. Asteady decrease of temperature with increasing(10) elevation is a most s
22、triking characteristic ofthis region, whose upper layers are colderbecause of their greater distance from theearths surface and because of the rapid radia-tion of heat into space. (Temperatures within(15) the troposphere decrease about 3.5 per1,000-foot increase in altitude.) Within thetroposphere,
23、winds and air currents distributeheat and moisture. Strong winds, called jetstreams, are located at the upper levels of the(20) troposphere. These jet streams are both com-plex and widespread in occurrence. They nor-mally show a wave-shaped pattern and movefrom west to east at velocities of 150 mph,
24、 butvelocities as high as 400 mph have been(25) noted. The influences of changing locationsand strengths of jet streams upon weatherconditions and patterns are no doubt consid-erable. Current intensive research may even-tually reveal their true significance.（分数：3.00）(1).It can be inferred from the p
25、assage that a jet plane will usually have its best average rate of speed on its run fromA. New York to San FranciscoB. Los Angeles to New YorkC. Boston to MiamiD. Bermuda to New YorkE. London to Washington, DC（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that at the top of Jungfrau, whi
26、ch is 12,000 feet above the town of Interlaken in Switzerland, the temperature is usuallyA. below freezingB. about 42 colder than on the groundC. warmer than in Interlaken D. affected by the ionosphereE. about 75 colder than in Interlaken（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.(3).The passage states that the troposphere
27、 is the warmest part of the atmosphere because itA. is closest to the sunB. contains electrically charged particlesC. radiates heat into spaceD. has winds and air currents that distribute the heatE. is warmed by the earths heat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.“The emancipation of women,“ James Joycetold one of hi
28、s friends, “has caused the greatestrevolution in our time in the most importantLine relationship there isthat between men and(5) women.“ Other modernists agreed: VirginiaWoolf, claiming that in about 1910, “humancharacter changed,“ and, illustrating thenew balance between the sexes, urged “Readthe A
29、gamemnon, and see whether your(10) sympathies are not almost entirely withClytemnestra.“ D. H. Lawrence wrote, “per-haps the deepest fight for 2000 years and more,has been the fight for womens independence.“But if modernist writers considered womens(15) revolt against mens domination one oftheir “gr
30、eatest“ and “deepest“ themes, onlyrecentlyin perhaps the past 15 yearshasliterary criticism begun to catch up with it. Notthat the images of sexual antagonism that(20) abound in modern literature have gone unre-marked; far from it. But what we are able to seein literary works depends on the perspect
31、iveswe bring to them, and now that womenenough to make a differenceare reforming(25) canons and interpreting literature, the land-scapes of literary history and the features ofindividual books have begun to change.（分数：2.00）(1).According to the passage, women are changing literary criticism byA. noti
32、ng instances of hostility between men and womenB. seeing the literature from fresh points of viewC. studying the works of early 20th-century writersD. reviewing books written by feministsE. resisting masculine influence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.(2).The author quotes James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, and D. H. L
33、awrence primarily in order to show thatA. these were feminist writersB. although well-intentioned, they were ineffectualC. before the 20th century there was little interest in womens literatureD. modern literature is dependent on the womens movementE. the interest in feminist issues is not new（分数：1.
34、00）A.B.C.D.E.2.When you first saw a piece of African art, itimpressed you as a unit; you did not see it asa collection of shapes or forms. This, ofLine course, means that the shapes and volumes(5) within the sculpture itself were coordinated sosuccessfully that the viewer was affected emo-tionally.I
35、t is entirely valid to ask how, from a purelyartistic point of view, this unity was achieved.(10) And we must also inquire whether there is arecurrent pattern or rules or a plastic languageand vocabulary that is responsible for thepowerful communication of emotion whichthe best African sculpture ach
36、ieves. If there is(15) such a pattern of rules, are these rules appliedconsciously or instinctively to obtain so manyworks of such high artistic quality?It is obvious from the study of art historythat an intense and unified emotional experi-(20) ence, such as the Christian credo of theByzantine or 1
37、2th or 13th century Europe,when espoused in art forms, gave great unity,coherence, and power to art. But such an inte-grated feeling was only the inspirational ele-(25) ment for the artist, only the starting point ofthe creative act. The expression of this emo-tion and its realization in the work co
38、uld bedone only with discipline and thoroughknowledge of the craft. And the African sculp-(30) tor was a highly trained workman. He startedhis apprenticeship with a master when a child,and he learned the tribal styles and the use oftools and the nature of woods so thoroughlythat his carving became w
39、hat Boas calls(35) “motor action.“ He carved automatically andinstinctively.The information in the passage suggests that a mature African carver might best be compared to aA. chef following a recipeB. fluent speaker of English just now beginning to study FrenchC. batter who hits a home run the first
40、 time at batD. veteran fiddler expertly varying a traditional tuneE. senior editor correcting the prose of an unidiomatic author（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.3.The likelihood of Americas exhausting her natural resources is growing less. All kinds of waste are being recycled, and new uses are constantly being f
41、ound for almost everything. We are getting more use out of what we produce, and are manufacturing many new byproducts out of what we formerly threw away. It is, therefore, unnecessary for us to continue to ban logging in national parks, nature reserves, or areas inhabited by endangered species of an
42、imals.Which one of the following most seriously undermines the conclusion of this argument?A. The increasing amount of recycled material made available each year is equal to one-tenth of the increasing amount of natural material consumed annually.B. Recent studies have shown that the number of endan
43、gered animals throughout the world fluctuates sharply and is chiefly determined by changes in meteorological conditions.C. The logging industry contributes huge sums of money to political campaigns in states where it has a financial interest.D. The techniques that make recycling possible are constan
44、tly improved so that more is reclaimed for lower costs each year.E. Political contributions by the recycling industry are now greater than those of either the logging or animal protection interests.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.4.In the figure below, ABCD is a square and AED is an equilateral triangle. If AB =
45、 2, what is the area of the shaded region?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.5.In the figure below, if the radius of circle O is 10, what is the length of diagonal AC of rectangle OABC?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.6.In the figure below, vertex Q of square OPQR is on a circle with center O. If the area of the square is 8, wha
46、t is the area of the circle?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.7.In the figure below, equilateral triangle ABC is inscribed in circle O, whose radius is 4.Altitude BD is extended until it intersects the circle at E. What is the length of DE?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.8.If 5x+ 13 = 31, what is the value of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E
47、.9. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In 1999, Diana read 10 English books and 7 French books. In 2000, she read twice as many French books as English books. If 60% of the books that she read during the two years were French, how many books did she read in 2000?A. 16B. 26C. 32D. 39E. 48（分数：1.0
48、0）A.B.C.D.E.12. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.In the figure below, three circles of radius 1 are tangent to one another. What is the area of the shaded region between them?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.16.At Leos Lumberyard, an 8-foot long wooden pole costs $3.00. At this rate,
49、what is the cost, in cents, of a pole that is 16 inches long?A. 0.5B. 48C. 50D. 64E. 96（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.17.In writing all of the integers from 1 to 300, how many times is the digit 1 used?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_18.If a + 2b = 14 and 5a + 4b = 16, what is the average (arithmetic mean) of a and b?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_GRE-练习十答案解析(总分：28.00，做题时间：90 分钟)Note: Although the reading passages on the computer-based GRE range from 50 to 400 words in length, the paper-based GRE taken by students in foreign countries includes reading passages of up to 800 words in
