1、GRE-85及答案解析(总分：-76.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Directions: Each sen(总题数：7，分数：-7.00)1.Except in times of -, we would scarcely allow public officials to declare states of emergency that replace some normal rules with those more - to extraordinary circumstances.（分数：-1.00）A.debate diffiden
2、tB.serenity indifferentC.catastrophe germaneD.obedience ill-suitedE.(E) disaster hostile2.An excellent philatelist can detect a forged - with a single glance, for a true specimen bears markings and characteristics, without exception, that the - invariably lacks.（分数：-1.00）A.painting imitationB.insect
3、 approximationC.coin originalD.stamp facsimileE.(E) treatise falsehood3.Previous research has established the lupine wolf as the - of the modern canine, but when and where humans first domesticated the former into the latter remains unclear.（分数：-1.00）A.competitorB.allyC.scionD.preyE.(E) progenitor4.
4、The result of this biochemical test has caused an uproar, and ever since its publication, researchers have been full of responses of - quality: whereas some deal with the tests implications in a calm manner, others sound alarms.（分数：-1.00）A.cholericB.admonitoryC.whimsicalD.homogenousE.(E) variable5.O
5、f the various schemes that have been proposed to model how gene transcription might work in the living body, those involving actual physical contact between enhancers and genes remain -, owing to an absence of direct evidence.（分数：-1.00）A.surreptitiousB.decipherableC.vindicatedD.suspiciousE.(E) specu
6、lative6.Thus, global-warming skeptics write off the - of climate research investigators, emphasizing the - of others reasoning, but not of their own.（分数：-1.00）A.data accessibilityB.infighting vaguenessC.resources virtuesD.experiments pragmatismE.(E) consensus uncertainty7.Politicians and pollsters a
7、like warn that the outcome of a presidential race remains - until Election Day itself, and many races depend on factors that run from bad weather - voter turnout to last-minute scandals.（分数：-1.00）A.unknown abettingB.unlikely decreasingC.fluid affectingD.predetermined consolidatingE.(E) fixed absorbi
8、ng三、Directions: In each (总题数：9，分数：-9.00)8.DESSICATE: LIQUID:（分数：-1.00）A.imprison: freedomB.plunder: valuablesC.suffocate: oxygenD.refrain: repetitionE.(E) prohibit: development9.CIRCUMSPECT: PRUDENCE :（分数：-1.00）A.cautious: hastinessB.urbane: improprietyC.cursory: superficialityD.circuitous: converge
9、nceE.(E) reckless: impassivity10.PERTURB: SERENITY :（分数：-1.00）A.denounce: rantB.interdict: protectionC.purify: imperfectionD.vex: irritationE.(E) fondle: attachment11.PRESIDENT: COUNTRY :（分数：-1.00）A.choreographer: danceB.speaker: parliamentC.actress: performanceD.instrumentalist: melodyE.(E) poetess
10、: thesaurus12.ANESTHETIC: INSENSIBILITY:（分数：-1.00）A.analgesic: acheB.coagulant: solutionC.soporific: lethargyD.placation: rageE.(E) opiate: listlessness13.MISCONSTRUE: INTERPRET :（分数：-1.00）A.dislike: attachB.misrepresent: clarifyC.miscalculate: reckonD.misapprehend: donateE.(E) misbehave: recite14.M
11、ODICUM: IOTA :（分数：-1.00）A.abundance: magnitudeB.gallon: kilogramC.tress: braidD.thatch: bladeE.(E) lock: hair15.RUBBER: TIRE :（分数：-1.00）A.skin: hairB.silver: cutleryC.window: paneD.erosion: ironE.(E) piece: paper16.MERITOCRACY: ACHIEVEMENT :（分数：-1.00）A.plutocracy: wealthB.elitism: expertiseC.theocra
12、cy: wisdomD.bureaucracy: authorityE.(E) gerontocracy: superiority四、Directions: Each pas(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Many microorganisms (总题数：4，分数：-4.00)17.The author would regard the notion that certain proteins are essential to the survival of environmentally resistant endospores as（分数：-1.00）A.unlikelyB.specul
13、ativeC.incontrovertibleD.irrelevantE.(E) unscientific18.It may be inferred from the passage that, in contrast to their present view, microbiologists once believed that（分数：-1.00）A.only a single feature of endospore biology was responsible for their successB.potentially, a canning process could be dev
14、eloped that was capable of destroying all endosporesC.ultraviolet radiation was a possible means of destroying microorganisms that practice cellular dormancyD.cellular mitosis was the root cause of the resilience of the microorganisms under discussionE.(E) only single-celled organisms, like those of
15、 fungal spores, could practice cellular dormancy19.The authors primary purpose in the passage is to（分数：-1.00）A.describe the limits of biologists understanding of the phenomenon of cellular dormancyB.explain how certain organisms have adapted to withstand environmental adversityC.contrast the surviva
16、l techniques of two organisms which use dormancy to survive hostile environmentsD.explain why endospores are so adept at surviving the traditional canning processE.(E) suggest which methods are effective for killing endospores at which are not20.The passage mentions all of the following as environme
17、ntal stresses that can be survived by microorganisms that practice cellular dormancy EXCEPT（分数：-1.00）A.Low temperaturesB.Ultraviolet radiationC.Acidic environmentsD.High temperaturesE.(E) Drying processes六、The distinction betw(总题数：7，分数：-7.00)21.The passage suggests that the post-modernist relegation
18、 of an artworks author to a minor and irrelevant post（分数：-1.00）A.has resulted in a greater embrace of art forms that are sometimes wholly electronicB.has failed to entirely counter the notion that art-making originates at some point with an individualC.has enabled artists to demonstrate the visual a
19、nd textual connections between art and art criticismD.has tended to increase the intimacy of creation at the expense of the cognition of artistsE.(E) has tended to subtly reinforce the ways in which artists are perceived as martyrs22.The authors primary purpose in mentioning van Gogh is most likely
20、to（分数：-1.00）A.cite the case of an artist whose intention was to increase the mystification of the artistic processB.discuss an artist whose life has been consistently distorted by biographers and filmmakersC.give an example of an artist depicted as incapable of comprehending his own art work but abl
21、e to do so in factD.provide an instance of an artist whose work can scarcely be understood without the assistance of art criticsE.(E) mention the example of an artist whose critical faculties were rightly overshadowed by his artistic abilities23.The passage suggests that the mystification of the art
22、istic process by certain art historians and artists can be traced to（分数：-1.00）A.the necessity of protecting artistic meaning from a general public who would most likely misunderstand and object to itB.an unconscious tendency of non-artists to lionize those artists whom the public admires but fails t
23、o understandC.a desire to protect and maintain the isolation between those who make art and those who analyze it, so as to reinforce the creative/critical distinctionD.a movement to expunge the challenging texts of dual artist/critics like Leonardo da Vinci and Mary Kelly from the critical canonE.(E
24、) a distinction between the methodology of scholars, who tend to be erudite, and that of artists, who are more intuitive in their thinking processes24.Which of the following best states the authors main point about artists who have abandoned the hierarchical distinction between art and theory?（分数：-1
25、.00）A.Theirs is a sterile, abstract practice, unlikely to produce few lasting works.B.They have demonstrated that critics are less important to the art-making process than the public commonly believes.C.They have laudably focused their energy on exposing the extent to which theory informs their own
26、practice.D.They have, to the detriment of their work, lost track of inner realm of the creator.E.(E) They have demonstrated a positive alternative to critics who have abandoned their field to become artists.25.Which of the following persuasive devices is NOT used in the passage?（分数：-1.00）A.An exampl
27、e of an artist whose work critics misunderstandB.The contrast of different points of viewC.The repetition of key ideas and expressionsD.A mention of the most recent trends in art-makingE.(E) Evaluative or judgmental words26.It can be inferred from the passage that prior to the modern era artistic pr
28、actice was regarded as（分数：-1.00）A.a hermetic field without potential for collaboration, given that it was almost exclusively populated by “misunderstood geniuses“B.a field less isolated from the practice of critical analysis than the artistic process of the present eraC.more meaningful and useful as
29、 a self-critical force than the aesthetic judgments of non-artists, especially art historiansD.primarily concerned with the masking and concealment of artistic meanings from the general publicE.(E) seldom times as specialized as the various branches of science from which art has traditionally been d
30、istinguished27.According to the passage, the specialization of art and theory has tended to（分数：-1.00）A.reduce the level of control artists have over artistic institutionsB.increase the usefulness of creating a unifying artistic vocabularyC.permit a greater level of development of knowledge concernin
31、g bothD.curtail interactions and establish false boundaries between the two fieldsE.(E) complicate the educational process of artists in an unfortunate manner七、Directions: Each que(总题数：11，分数：-11.00)28.BOLSTER:（分数：-1.00）A.demystifyB.opposeC.eraseD.abandonE.(E) separate29.PREJUDICED:（分数：-1.00）A.sappyB
32、.uncomplicatedC.unbiasedD.insensitiveE.(E) even-tempered30.ALLEVIATE:（分数：-1.00）A.remedyB.proliferateC.reinforceD.switchE.(E) aggravate31.PERSEVERANCE:（分数：-1.00）A.lack of rapidityB.irregular peaceC.incidence of eventsD.termination of attemptE.(E) clear misery32.DEBACLE:（分数：-1.00）A.definite suppositio
33、nB.outspoken replyC.complete triumphD.partial consentE.(E) final decision33.ARTLESSNESS:（分数：-1.00）A.impartialityB.forethoughtC.slynessD.innovationE.(E) bitterness34.TESTINESS:（分数：-1.00）A.attachmentB.enduranceC.prudenceD.concernE.(E) systematism35.INFLATE:（分数：-1.00）A.gatherB.perceiveC.reviewD.minimiz
34、eE.(E) restrain36.DISARM:（分数：-1.00）A.confrontB.commandC.put on guardD.amuseE.(E) protect37.IMMEDIATE:（分数：-1.00）A.exhaustingB.manifoldC.prospectiveD.complicatedE.(E) inadequate38.UNEARTH:（分数：-1.00）A.mergeB.planC.admireD.complyE.(E) conceal八、SECTION 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、Directions: Each sen(总题数：7，分数：-7.0
35、0)39.The stage was set for simmering hostility between the two sects, and the breakdown in - relations was hastened by the high-handed attitude of those 1 who had lost many of their ancestral privileges and lands.（分数：-1.00）A.intemperateB.exogamousC.consanguineousD.amicableE.(E) idiosyncratic40.This
36、thing called love is a total mystery, and the - of passion and despair that accompanies every romantic devotion may keep one eternally perplexed.（分数：-1.00）A.coagulationB.requitalC.admixtureD.instabilityE.(E) vagaries41.Considering the - of available options for investing ones hard-earned retirement
37、funds, as evidenced by a plethora of daytime television advertisements aimed at appealing to the incapacitated senior, you may well find it difficult to avoid feeling -.（分数：-1.00）A.diversity ingratiatedB.dearth belligerentC.gamut overwhelmedD.appeal mortifiedE.(E) periodicity exhausted42.At the pres
38、ent time, unfortunately, several governments grant permission to rapacious animal poachers, with few conditions attached and - compensation for those whose - are exploited.（分数：-1.00）A.little sciencesB.diminutive ideasC.significant resourcesD.scanty environmentsE.(E) inappropriate laws43.His father s
39、erved as - to the entire Garcia clan, dispensing money and advice to those who needed it, and the family, in turn, revered him.（分数：-1.00）A.prelateB.paterfamiliasC.mountebankD.valetE.(E) creditor44.Although he had been many times given the caveat emptor, Feldman purchased paintings and - in quantity,
40、 often without - them first.（分数：-1.00）A.baubles rejectingB.supplies appraisingC.antiques examiningD.collectibles shippingE.(E) trinkets criticizing45.Molds were once used only for small amounts of fat, shared with neighbors at cooperative candle dippings or supplied by - candle makers who canvassed
41、large geographical areas.（分数：-1.00）A.redoubtableB.impecuniousC.sententiousD.meretriciousE.(E) itinerant十、Directions: In each (总题数：9，分数：-9.00)46.FROWN: DISPLEASURE :（分数：-1.00）A.scoff: glumnessB.sneer: contemptC.adulate: intimacyD.collaborate: esteemE.(E) edify: ridicule47.CREDULOUS: GULLIBLE :（分数：-1.
42、00）A.didactic: onerousB.adventurous: pusillanimousC.yielding: servileD.sycophantic: adulatoryE.(E) assiduous: vain48.TORNADO: AIR :（分数：-1.00）A.downpour: floodB.guzzler: gasC.vortex: waterD.gutter: roofE.(E) meadow: spark49.SPICE: FLAVOR :（分数：-1.00）A.splint: limbB.block: vimC.copper: alloyD.symmetry:
43、 balanceE.(E) moisturizer: plant50.FORGERY: DOCUMENT :（分数：-1.00）A.slaughter: tragedyB.feint: sentimentC.rape: castigationD.felony: reinsuranceE.(E) double-dealer: testimonial51.ADROITNESS: INEPITUDE :（分数：-1.00）A.obscurity: necessityB.stoicism: generosityC.ferocity: insubordinationD.complexity: tange
44、ncyE.(E) difficulty: simplicity52.RECLUSE: WITHDRAW :（分数：-1.00）A.malefactor: reiterateB.rhetorician: equivocateC.philosopher: cogitateD.autocrat: improviseE.(E) figurehead: boycott53.TENDER: ACCEPTANCE :（分数：-1.00）A.examine: solicitudeB.legalize: disapprobationC.submit: approvalD.announce: scrutinyE.
45、(E) perish: idea54.ASCETIC: INDULGENCE :（分数：-1.00）A.libertine: restraintB.puritan: conventionC.vagabond: frugalityD.zealot: fervorE.(E) antiseptic: hygiene十一、Directions: Each pas(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Crosbys recent stud(总题数：4，分数：-4.00)55.The passage suggests that one major difficulty in establishing pat
46、terns of migration is（分数：-1.00）A.the infrequency of life course events, which restricts the amount of data available to demographersB.the overwhelming availability of proxies in migration patterns, which creates a degree of stasis in migration recordsC.the lack of parishioner birth records, which li
47、mits the hard evidence upon which demographers base their observationsD.the homogeneity of single parishes, which makes it difficult to distinguish the motivations of migrantsE.(E) the repetitive nature of migration, which results in a surfeit of unusable data that overwhelms demographers56.Accordin
48、g to the passage, Crosby has made which of the following assumptions concerning historical means of demography?（分数：-1.00）A.Migration is in most cases dictated by life course events as opposed to the economic factors that contribute to the development of cities.B.Population growth tends not to affect
49、 the availability of proxies for replacing emigrants from population centers.C.Sedimentary populations are more historically significant than nomadic or migratory ones.D.It is permissible to rely upon a single source of information in studying population movement patterns.E.(E) Migration can be disregarded as a demographic pattern in historical contexts prior to the developmen
