1、Geography 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：5.00)BPart A/BI For questions 1-5, you will hear a passage. Listen and answer the questions with the information you ve heard. Write Bnot more than 3 words/B in each blank. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to re
2、ad the questions below./I（分数：5.00）(1).Each year, an average of _ people visit the Niagara Falls.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).There are two falls: the Canadian or Horseshoe Falls, and _ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Some visitors find the Horseshoe Falls curious that the falls are _ in the early morning.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
3、:_(4).Niagara Falls became a favorite site for _ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).There s more to Niagara Falls than _ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).When will showers reach south-west England and the southern coast of Wales?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What will the minimum temperature be in th
4、e south during the night?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).On what day of the week do y0u think this weather forecast was given?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What will be the general feeling about the weekend in the Netherlands?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What part of England will be cloudy and dry over the weekend?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:
5、_三、BPart C/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)IQuestions 11-13 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11-13./I（分数：3.00）(1).Comets are like planets in that they _ .（分数：1.00）A.have moons of their ownB.can be seen at regular intervalsC.blaze across the skyD.orbit the sun(2).The Rom
6、ans believed that comets were _ .（分数：1.00）A.stars shining brightly in the skyB.planes turning round and round the sunsC.evil spirits with long beardsD.signs predicting some cheerful events(3).In the Middle Ages an astronomer described the comet of 1531 as _ .（分数：1.00）A.of red colorB.something sent b
7、y God to punish manC.an evil spirit that would bring illness to peopleD.riding on the back of a bloody colored horseIQuestions 14-16 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 14-16./I（分数：3.00）(1).The difference in time between zones is _ .（分数：1.00）A.seven daysB.tw
8、enty-four hoursC.one hourD.more than seven days(2).From this selection it seems true that the Atlantic ocean _ .（分数：1.00）A.is in one time zoneB.is divided into twenty-four zonesC.is divided into five time zonesD.cannot be crossed in five days(3).The international date line is the name for _ .（分数：1.0
9、0）A.the beginning of any new time zoneB.any point where time changes by one hourC.the point where a new day beginsD.any time zone in the Pacific OceanIQuestions 17-20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read questions 17-20./I（分数：4.00）(1).How far is the earth away from the
10、 sun?（分数：1.00）A.93 million miles.B.193 million miles.C.930 million miles.D.93 billion miles.(2).What is the temperature on the sun?（分数：1.00）A.Not clear.B.10,000 degrees Fahrenheit.C.10,000 degrees Centigrade.D.Over 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit.(3).Which of the following is true according to the passage?
11、（分数：1.00）A.The sun s light comes from millions of candles.B.Most of the sun s heat and light are received on the earth.C.The temperature of the sun is the same as that of the earth.D.Without the correct balance of heat and light, life on the earth would not be possible.(4).What does “sufficient“ mea
12、n?（分数：1.00）A.enoughB.goodC.muchD.adequate四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In 1971 there were about 3,700 million people in the world. If the population wereU (21) /Uevenly over the earth s surface there would be about 50 people to the square mile; but there are vast areas of desert and mountain and t
13、ropical forestU (22) /Uare uninhabited,U (23) /Uat the otherU (24) /U, in the great cities millions may live within a few square miles.U (25) /Uof the world s population is concentrated on only a smallU (26) /Uof the earth s land surface, in the rich valleys andU (27) /Uplains, because people up to
14、the present time haveU (28) /Uto congregate in place where the climate and soil make it easy to grow food and obtain shelter.AU (29) /Uworld population and the discoveries of scienceU (30) /Uthis pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent f
15、amines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; and inU (31) /Uthe population of the world is steadilyU (32) /U.When numbersU (33) /U, the extra mouths must be fed. New lands must be broughtU (34) /Ucultivation, or land alreadyU (35) /U, made to yield larger crops. In some areas the accessible l
16、and is largely so intensively cultivatedU (36) /Uit will be difficult to make itU (37) /Umore food. in some areas the population is so dense that the land is divided into. unitsU (38) /Utiny to allow for much improvement in farming methods.U (39) /Ua large part of this farming population drawnU (40)
17、 /Uinto industrial occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods.（分数：20.00）A.scatteredB.restrainedC.separatedD.resembledA.in whichB.whichC.whereD.in whereA.whenB.whileC.thoughD.asA.handB.placeC.extentD.extremeA.ManyB.LittleC.MuchD.FewA.fractionB.portionC.districtD.fr
18、agmentA.abundantB.fertileC.plentyD.numerousA.accustomedB.tendedC.movedD.turnedA.growingB.decreasingC.increasingD.improvingA.divideB.alterC.differD.utterA.resultB.consequenceC.effectD.sequenceA.increasedB.increasingC.decreasedD.reducingA.raiseB.arouseC.ariseD.riseA.beneathB.insideC.oppositeD.underA.o
19、ccupiedB.exhaustedC.farmedD.used upA.whenB.thatC.whileD.whatA.equipB.offerC.provideD.sendA.tooB.soC.veryD.suchA.WasB.WereC.OnlyD.IfA.onB.outC.offD.up五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPassage 1/BHumans are forever forgetting that they can t control nature. Exactly 20 years ago, a Time magazine cover s
20、tory announced that scientists are on the verge of being able to predict the time, place and even the size of earthquakes. “The people of quake-ravaged Kobe learned last week how wrong that assertion was.“None of the methods conceived two decades ago has yet to discover a uniform warning signal that
21、 preceded all quakes, let alone any sign that would tell whether the coming tremor is mild or a killer. Earthquake formation can be triggered by many factors, says Hiroo Kanamori, a seismologist at the California Institute of Technology. So, finding one all-purpose warning sign is impossible. One re
22、ason: Quakes start deep in the earth, so scientists can t study them directly. If a quake precursor were found, it would still be impossible to warn humans in advance of all dangerous quakes. Places like Japan and California are riddled with hundreds, if not thousands, of minor faults.Prediction wou
23、ld be less important if scientists could easily build structures to withstand tremors. While seismic engineering has improved dramatically in the past 10 to 15 years, every new quake reveals unexpected weaknesses in “quake-resistant“ structures, says Terry Tullis, a geophysicist at Brown University.
24、 In Kobe, for example, a highway that opened only last year was damaged. In the Northridge earthquake, on the other hand, well-built structures generally did not collapse.A recent report in science adds yet more anxiety about life on the faulty lines. Researchers ran computer simulations to see how
25、quake-resistant buildings would fare in a moderate-size tremor, taking into account that much of a quakes energy travels in a large “pulse“ of focused shaking. The results: Both steel-frame buildings and buildings that sit on insulating rubber pads suffered severe damage.More research will help expe
26、rts design stronger structures and possibly find quake precursors. But it is still a certainty that the next earthquakes will prove once again that every fault cannot be monitored and every highway cannot be completely quake-proofed.（分数：5.00）(1).From what the author said in Para. 1, it can be inferr
27、ed that _ .（分数：1.00）A.scientists can never be able to predict the coming of earthquakesB.the existing power on predicting earthquakes is somewhat exaggeratedC.quite a lot of scientific assertions are groundlessD.earthquake predictions are beyond the reach of scientists(2).One of the chief difficulti
28、es in accurate earthquake warning is that _ .（分数：1.00）A.earthquakes may take place in anywhere possibleB.earthquakes may happen at any unexpected momentC.most earthquakes take place simultaneously and unexpectedlyD.the occurrence of earthquakes involves too many unforeseen factors(3).What does the w
29、ord “precursor“ in the context in Para. 3 mean?（分数：1.00）A.A man that may come before the happening of an earthquake.B.The leading factor that may cause a series of events to occur.C.Any meaningful sign that indicates some would-be happenings.D.An event that may have symbolic or significant nature.(4
30、).What does the author mean to say when he talks about the damage caused by earthquakes to the buildings?（分数：1.00）A.It is hard to build structures strong enough to withstand serious tremors.B.Not all structures can be made to withstand the tremor of the earthquakes.C.The degree of damage caused by e
31、arthquakes to different buildings can hardly be predicted accurately.D.No structures would be strong enough to endure violent earthquakes.(5).All the following statements are TRUE except that _ according to the passage.（分数：1.00）A.stronger materials will be developed to withstand serious earthquakesB
32、.seismic engineering has been greatly improved in the past yearsC.it won t be long before earthquakes can be predicted accuratelyD.something unpredictable may still happen beyond the expectations of the seismologistBPassage 2/BWhen Jules Verne wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth in 1864, there
33、were many conflicting theories about the nature of the Earth s interior. Some geologists thought that it contained a highly compressed ball of incandescent gas, while others suspected that it consisted of separate shells, each made of different materials. Today well over a century later, there is li
34、ttle direct evidence of what lies beneath our feet. Most of our knowledge of the Earth s interior comes not from mines or boreholes, but from the study of seismic waves-powerful pulses of energy released by earthquakes.The way that seismic waves travel shows that the Earth s interior is far from uni
35、form. The continents and the seabed are formed by the crust-a thin sphere of relatively light, solid rock. Beneath the crust lies the mantle, a different layer that extends approximately halfway to the Earth s center. There the rock is the subject of a battle between increasing heat and growing pres
36、sure.In its high levels, the mantle is relatively cool; at greater depths, high temperatures make the rock behave more like a liquid than a solid. Deeper still, the pressure is even more intense, preventing the rock from melting in spite of a higher temperature.Beyond a depth of around 2,900 kilomet
37、ers, a great change takes place and the mantle gives way to the core. Some seismic waves cannot pass through the core and others are bent by it. From this and other evidence, geologists conclude that the outer core is probably liquid, with a solid center. It is almost certainly made of iron, mixed w
38、ith smaller amounts of other elements such as nickel.The conditions in the Earth s core make it a far more alien world than space. Its solid iron heart is subjected to unimaginable pressure and has a temperature of about 9,000F. Although scientists can speculate about its nature, neither humans nor
39、machines will ever be able to visit it.（分数：5.00）(1).What is today s richest source of information about the Earth s interior for geologists?（分数：1.00）A.Journey to the Center of the Earth, the book written by Jules Verne.B.Conflicting theories about the nature of the Earth s interior.C.The study of Se
40、ismic waves-powerful pulses of energy released by earthquakes.D.The theories that there is little direct evidence of what lies beneath our feet.(2).The word “There“, the first word in the last sentence of paragraph 2 refers to which of the following?（分数：1.00）A.A layer beneath the crust that extends
41、halfway to the Earth.B.A thin sphere of relatively light, solid rock with high temperature.C.The continents and the crust that are with both heat and pressure.D.Earth s center where the rock is the subject of battle between heat and pressure.(3).Which of the following is a primary characteristic of
42、the Earth s mantle?（分数：1.00）A.Light, solid rock.B.Uniformity of composition.C.Dramatically increasing pressure.D.Compressed, incandescent gas.(4).The phrase “gives way to“ in the paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _ .（分数：1.00）A.runs alongB.turns intoC.rubs againstD.floats on(5).Why does the author
43、 state in the last paragraph that the Earth s core is “more alien“ than space?（分数：1.00）A.Government funds are not available to study the Earth s core.B.Scientists aren t interested in the characteristic of the Earth s core.C.It is impossible to go to the Earth s core to do research.D.The Earth s cor
44、e is made of elements that are dangerous to humans.BPassage 3/BMost scientists blame people, at least in part, for global warming. Now, some researchers say people may be partly to blame for the cooling of Antarctica as well.While average global temperatures have risen about one degree Fahrenheit ov
45、er the past century, Antarctica over all appears to have cooled slightly in the past few decades. That has been puzzling, because the polar regions are thought to be more sensitive to warming trends than the rest of the globe. Even more puzzling, a small portion of Antarctica-the peninsula that stre
46、tches north toward South America-defies the cooling trend. It has been warming very rapidly, about five degrees over the past 50 years, 10 times the global average.Writing in today s issue of the journal Science, Dr. David Thompson, a professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University, an
47、d Dr. Susan Solomon, a senior scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Boulder, Colo., argue that the ozone hole, which has opened up each spring over Antarctica in recent years, may help explain both contradictory trends.A vortex of winds continually blows around Antarcti
48、ca, tending to trap cold air at the South Pole. In the new paper, Dr. Thompson and Dr. Solomon show that the winds have strengthened in the past few decades, keeping the cold air even more confined. The peninsula, which lies outside the wind vortex, escapes the cooling effect, the scientists said. They say the ozone hole may be the cause of the stronger
