1、BFT 阅读（综合）-试卷 34 及答案解析(总分：56.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 3(总题数：4，分数：56.00)While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least UN is getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than two million have left the rolls since 1994. In the past f
2、our years, welfare rolls in Athens country has been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: the Athens country poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent twice the national average. For advocates for the p
3、oor, thats an indication that much more needs to be done. “More people are getting jobs, but its not making their lives any better, “ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington. A center analysis of US census data nationwide found that between 1995
4、 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, fame-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in i
5、tself a huge victory. “Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin that was poisoning the family,“ says Rector, a welfare reform analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. Its beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important. “ Mr. Rector and others argue
6、d that once “the habit of dependency is cracked“, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.（分数：14.00）(1).It can be seen from the passage that the author _.（分数：2.00）A.is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reformB.insists that welfare reform is doin
7、g little good for the poorC.believes the reform has reduced the governments burdenD.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful(2).Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?（分数：2.00）A.Because their wages are low.B.Because many families are divorced.C.Because the cost of
8、living is rising.D.Because government aid is now rare.(3).What is worth noting from the example of Athens country is that _.（分数：2.00）A.60 percent of the population no longer relies on welfareB.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two yearsC.the living standards of most people are go
9、ing downD.great efforts should be made to improve peoples living standards(4).From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _.（分数：2.00）A.providing more jobsB.saving welfare fundsC.rebuilding the work ethicD.cutting government expenses(5).According to the passage, before the welfare reform was
10、 carried out, _.（分数：2.00）A.the poor used to rely on government aidB.the poverty rate was lowerC.the average worker was paid higher wagesD.average living standards were higher(6).From the passage we can infer that before 1994 _.（分数：2.00）A.most of the people depended on governmentB.most of the people
11、took jobsC.we dont know as the passage didnt sayD.most of the people live a richer life(7).About the welfare reform the authors attitude is _.（分数：2.00）A.indifferentB.positiveC.objectiveD.criticalComputer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-literate“, in other words,
12、 to learn to understand computers and what makes them tick. Not all experts agree, however, that is a good idea. One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees, is. David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people are seeing this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the co
13、mputer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to people and make them “people-literate“. Daived first got the idea when he visited one of Americas best-known computer “guru“ figures, Bob Arbrecht, in the small univers
14、ity town of Palo Alto in Northern California. Albrect had started a project called Computertown USA in the local literary, and the local children used to call round every Wednesday to borrow some time on the computer there, instead of borrowing literary books. Albrecht was always on hand to answer a
15、ny questions and to help the children discover about computers in their own way. Over there, in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. David Tebbutt thinks they are most successful when tied up with a computer club. He insisted ther
16、e was a vast and important difference between the two, although they complement each other. The clubs cater for the enthusiasts, with some computer knowledge already, who get together and eventually form an expert computer group. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertown
17、s where there are computers available for them to experiment on, with experts available to encourage them and answer any questions; they are not told what to do, they find out. David Tebbutt finds it interesting to see the two different approaches working side by side. The computer experts have to l
18、earn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to explain the answer to the questions that people really want to know. In some Computertowns there are question sessions, rather like radio phone-ins where the experts listen to a lot of questions and trying to work out some structure to
19、answer them. People are not having to learn computer jargons, but the experts are having to translate computer mysteries into easily understood terms; the computers are becoming “people-literate“.（分数：14.00）(1).According to the passage, David Tubbutts purpose of running Computertown UK is to_.（分数：2.0
20、0）A.train people to understand how computers workB.make more computers available to peopleC.enable people to fix computer themselvesD.help people find out more about computers(2).We learn from the passage that Computertown USA was a_.（分数：2.00）A.townB.projectC.libraryD.school(3).Which of the followin
21、g statements is INCORRECT?（分数：2.00）A.Computertowns in the UK have become popular.B.Computertowns and clubs cater for different people.C.Computertowns are more successful than clubs.D.Its better that Computertowns and clubs work together.(4).Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Computertowns
22、?（分数：2.00）A.Experts give lectures and talks on computers.B.Experts are on hand to answer peoples questions.C.People are left to discover computers on their own.D.There are computers around for people to practice on.(5).Which of the following viewpoints does David disagree with?（分数：2.00）A.Bringing co
23、mputer to people and making them “people-literate“.B.Computer is a good way to get people closer.C.Computertown can meet peoples need to become “computer-literate“.D.Computertown is a good way to show peoples ability.(6).According to the passage, which is the main difference between Computertowns an
24、d computer clubs?（分数：2.00）A.Peoples ages.B.Peoples tastes.C.Whether they have experts take part in.D.The passage didnt refer to.(7).According to the last paragraph, what is the consequence of computer town and computer clubs working together?（分数：2.00）A.The computers become “people-literate“.B.The co
25、mputers become “computer-literate“.C.It makes people learn computer easier.D.It gives more opportunities to the non-experts to do practice.Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised hunting
26、 pack. His killing weapon has changed into a harmless football and his prey into a goalmouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunters triumph of killing his prey. To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our ancient ancestors. They
27、 spent over a million years evolving as cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became radically changed. They cooperated as skillful male-group attackers. Then, about ten thousand years ago, a
28、fter this immensely long formative period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their unproved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use that of penning, controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms
29、, waiting for their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival. The hunting skills and the hunting urges remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequen
30、ces, but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead, the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their well-being.(To be sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.)The cha
31、se became exposed and end in itself. The logical extension of this trend was the big game hunter who never ate his kill, but merely hung its stuffed head on his wall, and the fox-hunter who has to breed foxes in order to release them to hunt them down. An alternation solution was to transform the ac
32、tivities of the hunting pack into other patterns of behavior. The key to the transformation lies in the fact that there was no longer any need to eat the prey. This being so, then why bother to kill any animal? A symbolic killing is all that is needed, providing the thrill of the chase can be retain
33、ed. The Greek solution was athletics-field sports involving chasing, jumping, and throwing. The athletes, experienced the vigorous physical activities so typical of the hunting scene, and the patterns they performed were all elements of the ancient hunting sequence, but their triumph was now transfo
34、rmed from the actual kill to a symbolic one of “winning“.（分数：14.00）(1).The hunt became out of date because _.（分数：2.00）A.people lost interests in huntingB.the wild animals decreased in numberC.people didnt rely on hunting as food supplyD.hunting was dangerous(2).The advantage of farming lies in that
35、_.（分数：2.00）A.the food supply is ensuredB.people didnt take risksC.people had vegetables to eatD.both A and B(3).With the appearance of farming, people began to _.（分数：2.00）A.hunt for sportB.hunt more preysC.give up huntingD.hunt foxes only(4).In paragraph 4, the “much simpler ways of obtaining a meat
36、y meal“ refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.domesticating animalsB.fishingC.huntingD.none of them(5).According to the author, sports activities are _.（分数：2.00）A.competitive behaviorsB.symbolic hunting activitiesC.aggressive behaviorsD.cruel activities(6).The Greek sports activity did not include _.（分数：2.00）A.cha
37、singB.swimmingC.jumpingD.throwing(7).The main difference between sports and ancient hunting lies in that _.（分数：2.00）A.the former is safer than the latterB.there are audience in athletics-fieldC.the former emphasizes the process itselfD.the winner in sport activities has rewardsWhat do you think of w
38、hen you hear the word motherhood? If you are like most people, you associate motherhood with a number of positive characteristics, such as warmth, selflessness, dutifulness, and tolerance. And though most women expect that motherhood will be happy and fulfilling, the reality is that motherhood had b
39、een accorded relatively low prestige in our society. When stacked up against money, power, and achievement, motherhood unfortunately doesnt fare too well, and mothers rarely receive the appreciation they warrant. When children dont succeed or develop problems, our society has had a tendency to attri
40、bute the lack of success of the development of problems to a single source mothers. One of psychologys most important lessons is that behavior is multiply determined. So it is with childrens development; when development goes awry, mothers are not the single cause of the problems even though our soc
41、iety stereotypes them in this way. The reality of motherhood in the 1990s is that although fathers have increased their child-rearing responsibilities somewhat, the main responsibility for child-rearing still falls on the mothers shoulders. Mothers do far more family work than fathers do two to thre
42、e times more. A few “exceptional“ men do as much family work as their wives; in one study the figure was 10 percent of the men. Not only do women do more family work than men, the family work most women do is unrelenting, repetitive, and routine, often involving cleaning, cooking, child care, shoppi
43、ng, laundry, and straightening up. The family work most men do is infrequent, irregular, and non-routine, often involving household repairs, taking out the garbage, and yard work. Women report that they often have to do several tasks at once, which helps to explain why they find domestic work less r
44、elaxing and more stressful than men do. Because family work is intertwined with love and embedded in family relations, it has complex and contradictory meanings. Most women feel that family tasks are mindless but essential. They usually enjoy tending to the needs of their loved ones and keeping the
45、family going, even if they do not find the activities themselves enjoyable and fulfilling. Family work is both positive and negative for women. They are unsupervised and rarely criticized, they plan and control their own work, and they have only their own standards to meet. However, womens family wo
46、rk is often worrisome, tiresome, menial, repetitive, isolating, unfinished, inescapable, and often unappreciated. It is not surprising that more men than women report that they are satisfied with their marriage. In sum, the role of the mother brings with it benefits as well as limitations. Although
47、motherhood is not enough to fill most womens entire lives, for most mothers, it is one of the most meaningful experiences in their lives. Father-mother cooperation and mutual respect helps the child to develop positive attitudes toward both males and females. It is much easier for working parents to
48、 cope with changing family circumstances and day-care issues then the father and mother equitably share child-rearing responsibilities. Mothers feel less stress and have more positive attitudes toward their husbands when they are supportive partners.（分数：14.00）(1).When childrens development goes awry
49、, the cause of problems is usually attributed to _.（分数：2.00）A.mothersB.fathersC.societyD.schools(2).Men have increased their child-rearing responsibilities, and _.（分数：2.00）A.men and women share family work equallyB.men do more family work than womenC.women still do more family work than menD.women do not do any family work any more(3).In terms of achievement, motherhood _.（分数：2.00）A.is accorded with high prestige in our societyB.is regarded as happy and fulfillingC.do
