1、BFT（阅读）-试卷 17 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 1(总题数：1，分数：16.00)Read the following passages, eight sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences AH the one which fits each gap. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(AH)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. Todays car
2、eer assumptions are you can get a lot of development, challenge and job satisfaction and not necessarily be in a management role. A new malady is running rampantly in corporate America: management phobia. 1 “ I hated all the meetings,“ says a 10-year award-winning manager, “and I found the more you
3、did for people who worked for you, the more they expected.“ 2 With technology changing in a wink, you can never slack off these days if youre on the technical side. 3 In addition, the Dilbert factor is at work. With Scott Adamss popular cartoon character as well as many television sitcoms routinely
4、portraying managers as morons or enemies, they just dont get much respect anymore. Supervising others was always a tough task, but in the past that stress was offset by hopes for career mobility and financial rewards. 4 But in todays global, more competitive arena, a manager sits on an insecure perc
5、h. 5There are far fewer rungs on the corporate ladder for managers to climb. In addition, managerial jobs demand more hours and headaches than ever before but offer slim, if any, financial paybacks and perks. Furthermore, managers now must supervise many people who are spread over different location
6、s, even over different continents. 6 In an age of entrepreneurship, when the most praised people in business are those launching something new, management seems like an invisible, thankless role. 7 Management layoffs have done much to erode interest in managerial jobs, of course. 8A. Many people don
7、t want to be a manager and many people who are managers are, frankly, itching to jump off the management track or have already.B. Its a rare person who can manage to keep up on the technical side and handle a management job, too.C. Restructuring have eliminated layer after layer of management as com
8、panies came to view their organizations as collections of competencies rather than hierarchies.D. They must manage across functions with, say, design, finance, marketing and technical people reporting to them.E. I was a counselor, motivator, financial adviser and psychologist.F. Employers are lookin
9、g for people who can do things, not for people who make other people do things.G American Management Association surveys say three middle managers are laid off for every one being hired. H. Along with a sizable pay raise, people chosen as managers would begin a nearly automatic climb up the career l
10、adder to lucrative executive perks: stock options, company cars, club memberships, plus the key to the executive washroom.（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、Part 2(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Read the following article and answer questions 9-18 on the next page. Addiction1 The wo
11、rd “addiction“ is often used loosely or ironically in informal conversation. People will refer to themselves as “mystery book addicts“, “fashion addicts“ or “cookie addicts“. Yet nobody really believes that reading mysteries, being crazy about fashion or eating cookie is serious enough to be compare
12、d with addiction to heroin, drug or alcohol. The word “addiction“ is here used jokingly to denote a tendency to thoroughly or over indulge in some pleasurable activities.2 Some people often refer to being “hooked on TV“. Does this, too, fall into the lighthearted category of cookie eating and other
13、pleasures that people pursue with unusual intensity, or is there a kind of television viewing that falls into the more serious category of destructive addiction, like of drug or alcohol? The answer is obvious.3 When we think about addiction to drugs or alcohol, we frequently focus on negative aspect
14、s, ignoring the pleasures that accompany drinking or drug-taking. And yet the essence of any serious addiction is a pursuit of pleasure, a search for a “high“ substance that is dismaying, the dependence of the organism upon a certain experience and an increasing inability to function normally withou
15、t it. Thus a person will take two or three drinks at the end of the day not merely for the pleasure drinking provides, but also because he “doesnt feel normal“ without them.4 An addict does not merely pursue a pleasurable experience and need to experience it in order to function normally. He needs t
16、o repeat it again and again. Certain thing about that particular experience makes his life without it less than complete. Other potentially pleasurable experiences are no longer possible for him, for under the magic spell of the addictive experience, his life is peculiarly distorted, and he is depri
17、ved of other possible pleasures. The addict intensely desires an experience and yet he is never really or fully satisfied. The organism may be temporarily sated or satisfied, but soon it begins to desire severely again.5 Finally a serious addiction is distinguished from a harmless pursuit of pleasur
18、e by its distinctly destructive elements and consequences. A heroin addict, for instance, leads a damaged life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from rational thinking, from capable working, from maintaining relationships normally, from developing in human ways. Simila
19、rly an alcoholics life is ruined tooit is narrowed down, cut short and dehumanized by his incurable dependence on alcohol.Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 913, choose the best title for each paragraph from the box below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(AG)on your Answer Sheet
20、. Do not mark any letter twice.A. Classification of TV addiction questionB. Functions of the harmless pursuit of pleasureC. Essence of serious addictionsD. Development of the addicts organismE. Destructive features of serious addictionsF. Importance of addictive experiences for addictsG. Informal us
21、age of the word “addiction“（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with an expression from the l
22、ist below. For each sentence(14-18),mark one letter(AG)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. the addict is looking for pleasureB. serious and does harm to the addictsC. a serious addiction has destructive featuresD. they are making comment jokingly on their likesE. it should not be c
23、riticized to pursue addictive pleasuresF. his life is totally ruinedG. all addictions have negative and positive aspects（分数：10.00）(1).When people refer to themselves as “cookie addicts“, 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The essence of a serious addiction is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).The difference between a seriou
24、s and a harmless addiction is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).The author believes that TV addiction 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).When a person is addicted to heroin, 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、Part 3(总题数：1，分数：14.00)Read the following article from a newspaper and answer questions 19-25. For questions 19-25, choose the corre
25、ct answer A, B, C or D. Are You Afraid of MOOCs? Are MOOCs and other online materials a threat to quality public higher education, and to our role as professors? The members of the philosophy department at San Jose State University think so. They recently issued an open letter to Michael Sandel, a p
26、rofessor of Harvard University, objecting to his role in encouraging the use of MOOCs at public universities. The controversy stems from San Jose States contract with edX, a company that provides MOOCs, including one based on Sandels course on justice at Harvard. San Jose State has agreed to use mat
27、erials provided by edX, but the philosophy department has refused to use Sandels online lectures in its courses. Though MOOCs are still new, many of the arguments presented by the San Jose State philosophy professors do not ring true in light of my experience. We should begin by distinguishing two i
28、ssues. The philosophy professors state that they have felt pressured by their administration to use the materials from Sandels course. The administration denies exerting any such pressure. Whatever the truth of the matter, that is an issue of academic freedom, and not about the pedagogical merits of
29、 using MOOCs and other online materials. I certainly agree that professors should be, responsible for the content and pedagogy in their own courses. The real issue, then, is whether the availability and use of online materials, whether through MOOCs or through other channels, is a threat to quality
30、education, especially at public universities. Many of the arguments presented in the letter presuppose an either/or, all-or-nothing approach when it comes to face-to-face versus online teaching. But the whole point of a hybrid, or blended, course is that it combines both. And it is difficult to see
31、why it makes a great deal of difference whether the online content is delivered via a MOOC or not. Nothing will ever replace the face-to-face discussions that occur in the classroom. But in many traditional, on-campus courses, little discussion occurs. In a lecture course with hundreds, or even just
32、 scores, of students, much of the time in the classroom is inevitably spent with the professor lecturing and the students(hopefully)taking notes-or at least listening attentively. In courses with a significant lecture component, the advantages of using online lectures are undeniable. I know from my
33、own experience that, if my attention wanes for a few moments, it is very convenient to simply go back and play a portion again. One can do the same if one doesnt quite understand something the first time. And one need not miss material to take a bathroom break. The availability of high-quality onlin
34、e lectures is an opportunity to rethink how we spend our time in the classroom. If an online lecture presents the material, or walks students through an argument, we are freed to spend more time discussing the aspects of the material that are most difficult-or most interesting. We can do other kinds
35、 of activities that we might not have time for if we felt obliged to present the material in the traditional way. Yes, hybrid courses usually involve less face-to-face time, but that time can be better and more effectively spent. The crucial thing is that the instructor remains in the drivers seat -
36、and that takes us back to academic freedom. As long as individual professors are choosing what material to assign or recommend, running their in-class discussions and adding material that they think is not adequately covered in the online lectures, choosing the assignments and tests, and grading tho
37、se tests, there is no threat to the professoriate, or to the quality of education at universities, public or otherwise.（分数：14.00）(1).The primary purpose of the passage is to_.（分数：2.00）A.encourage the utilization of MOOCsB.emphasize the importance of MOOCsC.criticize MOOCs for its inconvenienceD.expo
38、se the unreliability of MOOCs(2).The controversy at San Jose State University is caused by the professors_.（分数：2.00）A.requirements for the MOOCsB.expenses on the MOOCsC.opposition to the MOOCsD.misuse of the MOOCs(3).According to the author, the two issues that should be first distinguished are_.（分数
39、：2.00）A.academic freedom and content diversificationB.academic freedom and educational meritsC.administrative pressure and faculty responsibilityD.administrative pressure and teaching methodology(4).The author thinks online materials may_.（分数：2.00）A.threaten quality educationB.replace classroom teac
40、hingC.be combined with traditional teachingD.reduce offline teaching load(5).One major advantage of online courses over the traditional ones is that they_.（分数：2.00）A.motivate more students to learnB.require less time and concentrationC.provide more activities for teachersD.can be replayed when neede
41、d(6).With the help of online lectures, professors can_.（分数：2.00）A.use the classroom time more effectivelyB.have more face-to-face time with studentsC.develop more materials for offline instructionD.enjoy more free time and breaks between classes(7).The underlined part of the last paragraph indicates
42、 that the role of professors is_.（分数：2.00）A.to learn how to drive vehiclesB.to design and manage the courseC.to control everything in the classroomD.to develop and offer their own online courses四、Part 4(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Read the following text and decide which answer best fits each space. For question
43、s 2645, mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet Recycling Paper The process of recycling paper can help to reduce deforestation and energy consumption on a significant scale. There are many different reasons why we should recycle paper products, and some of these are【C1】_in the paragraphs
44、below. Energy consumption will always be on the【C2】_as population levels grow, and so any manufacturing processes which help to reduce energy consumption are【C3】_ The Energy Information Administration(EIA)claim that there can be as【C4】_as a 40% energy saving when recycling paper over producing paper
45、【C5】_the direct raw material. Although recycling paper has many【C6】_, it also has its drawbacks. One of these drawbacks is that we cannot recycle the【C7】_paper product for eternity, as the fibers contained within the paper degrade over time,【C8】_their strength and length. On【C9】_, an individual pape
46、r fiber can only be recycled a【C10】_of six times. Although this is a significant drawback, the six time recycling process will help to【C11】_a great deal of energy when you consider【C12】_much paper there is to be recycled. If paper fibers can be recycled up to 6 times, and we recycled all paper produ
47、cts, this could help to【C13】_the intensity of deforestation for paper products up to a factor of 6. With paper production said to【C14】_around 40% of harvested wood, and paper said to【C15】_around 90% wood, you can see how recycling paper is an important process for the【C16】_of our forests. Today, the
48、 use of recycled paper products is on the increase, as more and more people begin to recycle paper【C17】_products around the home. Although there are slight differences in the recycling processes of different【C18】_of paper products(e.g. corrugated, mixed paper, newspaper products), we are able to recycle just about any type of paper product around today. The recycling logo helps to【C19】_a recyclable product and can also sometimes
