1、BEC 剑桥商务英语(高级)15 及答案解析(总分：19.96，做题时间：149 分钟)一、SECTION 1 (Question(总题数：1，分数：1.00)A The survey, of 265 senior HR professionals and more than 1, 000 employees, also found that employers were taking a more strategic approach. Rather than relying on one online method of attracting and finding staff, comp
2、anies are using a number of techniques87 percent of those using corporate websites also use job boards, while 56 percent of respondents reported using more than three online options at the same time. Research conducted last year by Brooklands, a provider of integrated HR solutions, reveals that comp
3、anies with fast recruitment processes have a definite advantage in the online war for talent. B Nearly three-quarters of recruiters also reported wasting time interviewing unsuitable candidates, although this is something that can be addressed by the use of online tests, which sift out unsuitable ca
4、ndidates before face-to-face interviews take place. The aim is not so much to filter people out, says Trevor Bond, Siemens UK project management champion, but to get as much information as possible on the individuals before they get to interview stage. C JD Wetherspoons online recruitment process fo
5、r shift and kitchen managers, designed in conjunction with Changeworknow, combines relationships. The online application form looks formal, admits senior recruitment and training manager Paula Goodwin. But the system is quite informal, on the whole. Its chatty and upbeat, and candidates get a few qu
6、irky comments from the system as they go along. That makes the experience fun. D Job boards do not create more candidates; they simply provide another channel through which they can be contacted. To survive, therefore, they have to deliver value above other channels. Another area where job boards ar
7、e making their mark is in the provision of candidate pools. Website visitors will not always be-searching for work, but they may still register their CVs on the off chance that their dream job will come along. We have got a database of 1.3 million passive jobseekers, says Keith Potts, managing direc
8、tor of Jobsite.co.uk. Its become a shop window for employeesa place where anyone can get headhunted. E Richard Alberge, chief executive of PSL, believes there is an evolution taking place in online recruitment. Its not only about job boards and testing. Its about how technology can make a difference
9、, he says. He recognized there is still potential for growth among job boards. But he is also aware that some areas of Internet activity, including social networking sites such as Friends Reunited, Yahoo groups and even eBay communities, have yet to make their mark on the recruitment arena. These on
10、line communities could prove a better resource for candidates than any number of CV databases. 0. It is believed that online recruitment is developing. (E) （分数：0.96）(1).Online recruitment is more effective than interviewing every candidate.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.(2).Online recruitment is a timesaving way
11、to find suitable talents whom the employers need.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.(3).More online ways of recruiting are used by many companies to attract staff.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.(4).Online recruitment is quite efficient to get enough information of candidates.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.(5).The process of finishing the online
12、 application form interests the candidates.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.(6).Job boards have their own problems.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.(7).Some candidates put their CVs in the job boards without aiming to find a job.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.(8).It is thought that some online communities could be a better resou
13、rce than CV databases.（分数：0.12）A.B.C.D.E.二、SECTION 2 (Question(总题数：1，分数：1.00)In an uncertain economic environment, top management will be interested in asset management and flow management. (0) . They can represent over 50 percent of manufactures total asset, and more than 80 percent of wholesalers
14、and retailers total assets. When top management mandates a reduction in accounts receivable and/or inventories, its objective is to improve cash flow and reduce the companys investment in assets. (9). But reduction in the terms of sale, or even enforcement of the stated terms of sale, in effect chan
15、ges tile price component of the firms marketing mix. (10). The arbitrary reduction of accounts receivable and/or inventories in the absence of technological change or changes in the logistics system can have a devastating impact on corporate profit performance. (11). First, the change alters the man
16、ufacturers price and therefore the competitive position of its products, which may lead to decreased sales. Second, it further complicates the cash flow problems of the manufacturers customers. Forcing faster payment of invoices causes channel members to improve their cash flow by reducing their inv
17、entories of the manufacturers products. (12). This situation may also result in stock-out of the manufacturers products as the wholesale or retail level of the channel, further reducing sales volume. Similarly, a manufacturers policy of arbitrarily reducing inventory level to increase inventory sums
18、, in the absence of a system change, may escalate transportation costs and/or production setup costs as the logistics system scrambles to achieve the specified customer service levels with lower inventories (assuming the company was efficiently and effectively distributing products prior to the poli
19、cy change). (13). In this case, customer service levels would be eroded, and a decrease in market share might result. (14). A. However, if management concentrates on system changes that improve logistics efficiency and/or effectiveness, it may be able to satisfy all of the firms objectives. B. Usual
20、ly, management assumes that revenues and other costs will remain the same. C. They do so by placing smaller, more frequent orders, which may increase total logistics cost for both the manufacturer and its customers. D. In either set of circumstances, the increased cost of transportation and/or produ
21、ction or the lost sales contribution could far exceed the savings in inventory carrying cost. E. If a manufacturer changes its terms of sale, for example, the effect on wholesalers and retailers will be twofold. F. In addition, simply reducing the level of inventory can significantly increase the co
22、st of logistics if current inventories have been set at a level that allows the firm to achieve least total cost logistics for a desired level of customer service. G. Alternatively, pressure to reduce expenses may preclude the use of premium transportation or increased production setups to achieve t
23、he desired customer service levels with smaller inventory. H. The two most common strategies used to improve cash flow and return on assets are: (l) reducing accounts receivable and (2) reducing the investment in inventory, as inventories and accounts receivable are a major portion of corporate asse
24、ts. EXAMPLE：The correct answer for blank (0) is H. （分数：1.02）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.三、SECTION 3 (Question(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Cooperative cooperation. Competitive cooperation. Confused? Airline alliances have travelers scratching their heads over whats going on
25、in the skies. Some folks view alliances as a blessing to travelers, offering seamless travel, reduced fares and enhanced frequent-flyer benefits. Others see a conspiracy of big business, causing decreased competition, increased fares and fewer choices. Whatever your opinion, theres no escaping airli
26、ne alliances: the marketing hype is unrelenting, with each of the two mega-groupings, Oneworld and Star Alliance, promoting itself as the best choice for all travelers. And, even if you turn away from their ads, chances are they will figure in any of your travel plans. By the end of the year, Onewor
27、ld and Star Alliance will between them control more than 40% of the traffic in the sky. Some pundits predict that figure will be more like 75% in 10 years. But why, after years of often ferocious competition, have airlines decided to band together? Lets just say the timing is mutually convenient. No
28、rth American airlines, have exhausted all means of earning customer loyalty at home, have been looking for ways to reach out to foreign flyers. Asian carriers are still hurting from the region-wide economic downturn that began two years ago-just when some of the airlines were taking delivery of new
29、aircraft. Alliances also allow carriers to cut costs and increase profits by pooling manpower resources on the ground and code-sharingthe practice of two partners selling tickets and operating only one aircraft. So alliances are terrific for airlinesbut are they good for the passenger? Absolutely, s
30、ay the airlines: think of the lounges, the joint FFP (frequent flyer program) benefits, the round-the-world fares, and the global service networks. Then theres the promise of “seamless“ travel: the ability to, say, travel from Singapore to Rome to New York, all on one ticket, without having to wait
31、hours for connections or worry about your bags. Sounds Utopian? Peter Buecking, Cathay Pacifics director of sales and marketing, thinks that seamless travel is still evolving. “Its fair to say that these links are only in their infancy. The key to seamlessness rests in infrastructure and information
32、 sharing. Were working on this.“ Henry Ma, spokesperson for Star Alliance in Hong Kong, lists some of the other benefits for consumers. “Global travelers have an easier time making connections and planning their itineraries.“ Ma claims alliances also assure passengers consistent service standards. C
33、ritics of alliances say the much-touted benefits to the consumer are mostly pie in the sky, that alliances are all about reducing costs for the airlines, rationalizing services and running joint marketing programs. It is believed that alliances will ultimately result in decreased flight choices and
34、increased costs for consumers. Instead of two airlines competing and each operating a flight on the same route at 70% capacity, the allied pair will share the route and run one full flight. Since fewer seats will be available, passengers will be obliged to pay more for tickets. Those whove already m
35、ade the elite grade in the FFP of a major airline stand to benefit the most when it joins an alliance: then they enjoy the FFP perks and advantages on any and all of the member carriers. For those who havent made the top grade in any FFP, alliances might be a way of simplifying the earning of freque
36、nt flyer miles. For example, I belong to United Airlines Mileage Plus and generally fly less than 25, 000 miles a year. But I earn miles with every flight I take on Star Alliance memberAll Nippon Airways and Thai Airways. If you fly less than I do, you might be smarter to stay out of the FFP game al
37、together. Hunt for bargains when booking flights and you might be able to save enough to take that extra trip anyway. The only real benefit infrequent flyers can draw from an alliance is an inexpensive round-the-world fare. The bottom line: for all the marketing hype, alliances arent all things to a
38、ll peoplebut everybody can get some benefit out of them. （分数：1.02）(1).According to the first paragraph, which is the best word to describe air travelers reaction to airline alliances?（分数：0.17）A.Delight.B.Indifference.C.Objection.D.Puzzlement.(2).According to paragraph two, setting up airline allianc
39、es will chiefly benefit（分数：0.17）A.North American airlines and their domestic travelersB.North American airlines and their foreign counterpartsC.Asian airlines and their foreign travelersD.Asian airlines and their domestic travelers(3).According to the third paragraph, which of the following is NOT a
40、 perceived advantage of alliances?（分数：0.17）A.Baggage allowance.B.Passenger Comfort.C.Convenience.D.Quality.(4).According to the fourth paragraph, one disadvantage of alliances foreseen by the critics is that air travel may be more expensive as a result of_.（分数：0.17）A.less convenienceB.higher operati
41、on costsC.less competitionD.more joint marketing(5).According to the passage, which of the following categories of travelers will gain most from airline alliances?（分数：0.17）A.Travelers who fly frequently economy class.B.Travelers who fly frequently business class.C.Travelers who fly occasionally duri
42、ng holidays.D.Travelers who fly economy class once in a while.(6).In general, for whom are alliances beneficial?（分数：0.17）A.Its beneficial for all the travelers.B.Its beneficial for some travelers.C.Its beneficial for those travelers who fly frequently.D.Its beneficial for those travelers who fly inf
43、requently.四、SECTION 4 (Question(总题数：1，分数：1.00)There are examples of (0) can be done by the retailer within his store, but perhaps the biggest opportunity for cost-reduction stems (31) cooperation between manufacturer and distributor in analyzing the total costs involved in moving the product from th
44、e factory to the shoppers basket. A helpful technique in this connection is the concept of “direct product profit“ (32) is widely used in the United States. This is a technique for analyzing very precisely the costs and profits associated (33) each product line, with a view to isolating opportunitie
45、s for cost reduction. For example, the in-store handling costs for particular item may be reduced (34) the manufacturer puts it in a large case or reduces the number of layers in the case. With the growing importance of prepackaging (35) for perishable items like meat and for non-food products, it i
46、s essential that the container should facilitate quick unloading and easy display. More obvious is the case for cooperation in reducing the costs of delivery and unloading? the night delivery experiment in Central London is an example of this. Many shops lack proper unloading facilities, often becau
47、se the local authorities or private developers (36) built them were not aware of (37) was needed. Many retailers do not employ modern handling techniques. Some consumer goods manufacturers, (38) as Unilever, are playing a big part in streamlining the distribution system, simply because they are “mar
48、ket-oriented“ companies which recognize the importance of low distribution costs. Even in Unilever, Lord Cole recalled the bad old days (39) distribution was looked upon as the least important of costs. The process of distribution will gradually be made less labor-intensive; the difficulty of findin
49、g additional labor, apart (40) its cost, is the major factor behind. EXAMPLE：The correct answer for blank (0) is “WHAT”. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、SECTION 5 (Question(总题数：1，分数：1.00)In just eight years, by 2010, there will be 58 million jobs in the United States, (0) t
