1、2017 年 12 月大学英语四级真题（第一套）及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：130 分钟)Part I Writing （25 m(总题数：1，分数：106.50)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.（分
2、数：106.50）_Part II Listening Co(总题数：10，分数：248.50)Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.2）1.（分数：7.1）A.Her friend Erika.B.Her little brother.C.Her grandfather.D.Her grandmother.2.（分数：7.1）A.By taking pictures for passers-by.B.By working part time at a hospital.C.By se
3、lling lemonade and pictures.D.By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.（分数：14.2）3.（分数：7.1）A.Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B.Generating electric power for passing vehicles.C.Providing clean energy to five million people.D.Tes
4、ting the efficiency of the new solar panel.4.（分数：7.1）A.They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B.They can be laid right on top of existing highways.C.They are only about half an inch thick.D.They are made from cheap materials.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just h
5、eard. （分数：21.3）5.（分数：7.1）A.Endless fighting in the region.B.The hazards from the desert.C.Inadequate funding for research.D.The lack of clues about the species.6.（分数：7.1）A.To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B.To identify the reasons for the lions disappearance.C.To study the habitat o
6、f lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.D.To find evidence of the existence of the lost lions.7.（分数：7.1）A.Lions walking.B.Lions tracks.C.Some camping facilities.D.Traps set by local hunters.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hea
7、r four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11
8、are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.4）8.（分数：7.1）A.Her lucky birthdayB.Her wedding anniversary.C.A call from her dad.D.A special gift from the man.9.（分数：7.1）A.Gave her a big model plane.B.Bought her a good necklace.C.Took her on a trip overseas.D.Threw her a surprise party.10.（分数
9、：7.1）A.The gift her husband has bought.B.The trip her husband has planned.C.What has been troubling her husband.D.What her husband and the man are up to.11.（分数：7.1）A.He will be glad to be a guide for the couples holiday trip.B.He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees.C.He is eager to
10、learn how the couples holiday turns out.D.He wants to find out about the couples holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.4）12.（分数：7.1）A.They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B.They see the importance of making compromises.C.They know wh
11、en to adopt a tough attitude.D.They take the rivals attitude into account.13.（分数：7.1）A.They know how to adapt.B.They know when to stop.C.They know when to make compromises.D.They know how to control their emotion.14.（分数：7.1）A.They are patient.B.They are good at expression.C.They learn quickly.D.They
12、 uphold their principles.15.（分数：7.1）A.Make clear ones intentions.B.Clarify items of negotiation.C.Formulate ones strategy.D.Get to know the other side.Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the pass
13、age and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just
14、 heard. （分数：42.6）16.（分数：14.2）A.When Americas earliest space program started.B.When the International Space Station was built.C.How many space shuttle missions there will be.D.How space research benefits people on Earth.17.（分数：14.2）A.They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B.The
15、y developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C.They tried to meet astronauts specific requirements.D.They tried to make best use of the latest technology.18.（分数：14.2）A.They are extremely accurate.B.They are expensive to make.C.They were first made in space.D.They were invented in the 197
16、0s.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：42.6）19.（分数：14.2）A.It was when her ancestors came to America.B.People had plenty of land to cultivate then.C.It marked the beginning of something new.D.Everything was natural and genuine then.20.（分数：14.2）A.They believed in workin
17、g for goals.B.They enjoyed living a living a life of ease.C.They had all kinds of entertainment.D.They were known to be creative21.（分数：14.2）A.Chatting with her ancestors.B.Furnishing her country house.C.Polishing all the silver work.D.Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the
18、passage you have just heard.（分数：56.8）22.（分数：14.2）A.Use a map to identify your location.B.Call your family or friends for help.C.Sit down and try to calm yourself.D.Try to follow your footprints back.23.（分数：14.2）A.You may find a way out without your knowing it.B.You may expose yourself to unexpected
19、dangers.C.You may get drowned in a sudden flood.D.You may end up entering a wonderland.24.（分数：14.2）A.Look for foodB.Wait patientlyC.Start a fireD.Walk uphill25.（分数：14.2）A.Inform somebody of your plan.B.Prepare enough food and drink.C.Check the local weather.D.Find a map and a compass.Part Reading Co
20、mpr(总题数：4，分数：248.50)A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals t
21、hat have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 30 with s
22、preading disease rather than 31 it, but this longtailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rats nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors （嗅觉感受器）,whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect 33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to
23、detect TB（肺结核）.When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected. Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesnt rely on specialist equipment. I
24、t is also more accurate the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。A) associated B) examine C) indicate D) nuisance E) peak F) preventing G) prohibiting H) sensitive I) slight J) specify K) superior L) suspicious M) tip N) treated O) visual （分数：
25、35.50）26.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.27.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.28.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.29.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.30.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.31.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.32.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.
26、33.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.34.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.35.（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify
27、the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder? Research suggests they may study more broad
28、ly for the unexpected rather than search for answers.A I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supp
29、ly the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.B Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues
30、 take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.C As I was suffering through my week of anxiety,
31、 overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study
32、groups. That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldnthappen without the pressure of an in-class exam, he explained, Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.D He also says there is less chance of cheating with
33、 the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled Introduction To Congress. Some colleges have what they call an honor code, though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, yo
34、u are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldnt just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me
35、going.E Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her schools professors to refrain from take-hone exams. Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams wi
36、thout clear, time-limited boundaries,she told me. Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.F Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-b
37、ased one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches His
38、tory of Broadcast Journalism at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland,points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. In my field, its not what you knowits what you know how to find out, says Koch. There is way too much information, and
39、more coming all the time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.G Students test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. I prefer take-home essays because it is then real
40、ly about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research, says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you swallo
41、w information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up. Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true exams. If you underst
42、and the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.H How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personal test-taking abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then th
43、ere those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.I Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability to access the information as quic
44、kly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, told me, We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Our fellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last in school.J If nothing else, the situation has given my
45、college son and me something to share, When I asked his opinion on this matter, he responded, I like in-class exams because the time is already reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test, he responded. It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a
46、 day or two in advance, and then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead.K Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her final exam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, It is going to be a piece of cake. Wh
47、en the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a blue book in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were given a slice.（分数：71.0）36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.37. Some believe ta
48、ke-home exams may affect students performance in other courses.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J
49、.K.40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult than they actually are.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.（分数：7.1）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on type of
