1、2017 年 12 月大学英语六级真题（第三套）及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：130 分钟)Part I Writing(30 mi(总题数：1，分数：106.50)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on thesaying “Respect others, and youwill be respected.“ you can cite examples to illustrate your views.You should write at least
2、 150 words but no more than 200 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上（分数：106.50）_Part II ListeningCom(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Section A(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.4）(1).（分数：7.1）A.They reward businesses that eliminate food waste.B.They prohibit the sale of foods t
3、hat have gone stale.C.They facilitate the donation of un sold foods to the needy.D.They forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed.(2).（分数：7.1）A.It imposed penalties on businesses that waste food.B.It passed a law aiming to stop over production.C.It voted against food import from outside Eu
4、rope.D.It prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.(3).（分数：7.1）A.It has warned its people against possible food shortages.B.It has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foods.C.It has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.D.It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.(4
5、).（分数：7.1）A.The confusion over food expiration labels.B.The surplus resulting fromoverproduction.C.Americans habit of buying food in bulk.D.A lack of regulation on food consumption.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation youhave just heard.（分数：28.4）(1).（分数：7.1）A.It has started a week-long pro
6、motion campaign.B.It has just launched its annualanniversary sales.C.It offers regular weekend sales all the year round.D.It specializes in the sale of ladiesdesigner dresses.(2).（分数：7.1）A.Price reductions for its frequent customers.B.Coupons for customers with bulkpurchases.C.Freedelivery of purcha
7、ses for senior customers.D.Price adjustments within seven days ofpurchase.(3).（分数：7.1）A.Maila gift card to her.B.Allow her tobuy on credit.C.Credit it to her account.D.Give her some coupons.(4).（分数：7.1）A.Refunding for goods returned.B.Free installing of appliances.C.Prolonged goods warranty.D.Compli
8、mentary tailoring.Section B(总题数：2，分数：49.70)Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation youhave just heard.（分数：21.3）(1).（分数：7.1）A.They are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.B.They have more than twenty different hair textures.C.They have twenty-four different body shapes in total.D.They re
9、present people from virtually all walks of life.(2).（分数：7.1）A.They do not reflect young girls aspirations.B.They are not sold together with the original.C.Their flat feet do not appeal to adolescents.D.Their body shapes have not changed much.(3).（分数：7.1）A.Intoy storesB.In shopping malls.C.On theInte
10、rnet.D.At Barbie shops.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage youhave just heard.（分数：28.4）(1).（分数：7.1）A.Moveable metal type began to be usedin printing.B.Chinese printingtechnology was first introduced.C.The earliest known book was published.D.Metal type was imported fromKorea.(2).（分数：7.1）A.It
11、had more than a hundred printing presses.B.It was the biggest printer in the 16th century.C.It helped the German people become literate.D.It produced some 20 million volumes in total.(3).（分数：7.1）A.It pushed handwritten books out of circulation.B.It boosted the circulation of popular works.C.It make
12、writing a very profitable career.D.It provided readers with more choices.(4).（分数：7.1）A.It accelerated the extinction of the Latin language.B.It standardized the publication of grammarbooks.C.It turned translation into a welcome profession.D.It promotedthe growth of national languages.Section C(总题数：3
13、，分数：142.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you havejust heard.（分数：42.6）(1).（分数：14.2）A.They get bored after working for a period of time.B.They spend an average of one year finding a job.C.They become stuck in the same job for decades.D.They choose a job without thinking itthrough.(2).（
14、分数：14.2）A.Seeif there will be chances for promotion.B.Find out what job choices are available.C.Watch a film about ways of job hunting.D.Decide which job is most attractive to you.(3).（分数：14.2）A.The qualifications you have.B.The pay you aregoing to get.C.The culture of your target company.D.The work
15、 environment you will be in.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you havejust heard.（分数：56.8）(1).（分数：14.2）A.It is an important as Christmas for African-Americans.B.It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.C.It is an ancient festival celebrated by African-Americans.D.It is a r
16、eligious festival celebrated by African-Americans.(2).（分数：14.2）A.Tourge African-Americans to do more for society.B.To call on African-Americansto worship their gods.C.To help African-Americans to realize their goals.D.To remind African-Americans of theirsufferings.(3).（分数：14.2）A.Faith in self-determ
17、ination.B.The first fruits of the harvest.C.Unity and cooperative economics.D.Creative work andachievement.(4).（分数：14.2）A.They recite a principle.B.They take a solemn oath.C.They drink windfrom the unity cup.D.They call out their ancestors names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have
18、just heard.（分数：42.6）(1).（分数：14.2）A.It is one of the worlds most healthy diets.B.It contains large amounts of dairyproducts.C.It began to impact the world in recent years.D.It consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.(2).（分数：14.2）A.It involved 13,000 researchers from Asia, Europe andAmerica.B.It w
19、as conducted in seven Mid-Eastern countries in the 1950s.C.It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.D.It has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.(3).（分数：14.2）A.hey care much about their health.B.They eat foods with little fat.C.They use little oil in cooking.D.T
20、hey have lower mortality rates.Part III Reading Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)SectionA(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Many European countries have been makingthe shift to electric vehicles and Germany has just stated that they plan toban the sale of vehicles using gasoline and diesel as fuel by 2030. The countryis also plannin
21、g to reduce its carbon footprint by 80-95% by 2050, 26 ashift to green energy in the country. Effectively, the ban will include theregistration of new cars in the country as they will not allow any gasoline 27 vehicle to be registered after 2030.Part of the reason this ban is being discussed and 28
22、isbecause energy officials see that they will not reach their emissions goals by2050 if they do not 29 a large portion of vehicle emissions. Thecountry is still 30 that it will meet its emissions goals,like reducing emissions by 40% by 2020 but the 31 ofelectric cars in the country has not occurred
23、as fast as expectedOther efforts to increase the use of electric vehicles include plans tobuild over 1 million hybrid and electric car battery charging stations acrossthe country. By 2030, Germany plans on having over 6 million charging stations 32 . According to the InternationalBusiness Times, ele
24、ctric car sales are expected to increase as Volkswagen isstill recovering from its emissions scandal.There are 33 around 155,000 registered hybrid andelectric vehicles on German roads dwarfed by the 45 million gasoline and dieselcars driving there now. As countries continue setting goals of reducing
25、emissions, greater steps need to be taken to have a 34 effecton the surrounding environment. While the efforts are certainly not 35 ,the results of such bans will likely only start to be seen by generations downthe line, bettering the world for the future.A)acceptance F)futile K) noticeableB)current
26、ly G) hopeful L) poweredC) disrupting H)implemented M)restorationD) eliminate I)incidentally N) skepticalE) exhaust J)installed O) sparking（分数：35.50）(1).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(2).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(3).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(4).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E
27、.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(5).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(6).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(7).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(8).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(9).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.(10).（分数：3.55）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.SectionB(总题数：1，分数：71
28、.00)Apples Stance Highlights a More Confrontational TechIndustryA) The battle between Apple and lawenforcement officials over unlocking a terrorists smartphone is the culmination of a slowturning of the tables between the technology industry and the United Statesgovernment.B) After revelations by th
29、e former National Security Agency contractorEdward J. Snowden in 2013 that the government both cozied up to(讨好）certain tech companies and hackedinto others to gain access to private data on an enormous scale, tech giantsbegan to recognize the United States government as a hostile actor. But if theco
30、nfrontation has crystallized in the latest battle, it may already be headingtoward a predictable conclusion: In the long run, the tech companies aredestined to emerge victorious.C) It may not seem that way at the moment.On the one side, you have the United States governments mighty legal andsecurity
31、 apparatus fighting for data of the most sympathetic sort: the secretsburied in a dead mass murderers phone. The action stems from a federal courtorder issued on Tuesday requiring Apple to help the Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI) to unlock an iPhone used by one of the two attackers whokilled 14
32、 people in San Bernardino, California, in December.D)In the other corner is the worlds mostvaluable company, whose chief executive, Timothy Cook, has said he will appealthe courts order. Apple argues that it is fighting to preserve a principlethat most of us who are addicted to our smartphones can d
33、efend: Weaken a singleiPhone so that its contents can be viewed by the American government and yourisk weakening all iPhones for any government intruder, anywhere.E)There will probably be months of legalconfrontation, and it is not at all clear which side will prevail in court, norin the battle for
34、public opinion and legislative favor. Yet underlying all ofthis is a simple dynamic: Apple, Google, Facebook and other companies hold mostof the cards in this confrontation. They have our data, and their businessesdepend on the global publics collective belief that they will do everythingthey can to
35、 protect that data.F) Any crack in that front could be fatalfor tech companies that must operate worldwide. If Apple is forced to open upan iPhone for an American law enforcement investigation, what is to prevent itfrom doing so for a request from the Russians or the Iranians? If Apple isforced to w
36、rite code that lets the FBI get into the Phone 5c used by SyedRizwan Farook, the male attacker in the San Bernardino attack, who would beresponsible if some hacker got hold of that code and broke into its otherdevices.G)Apples stance on these issues emergedpost-Snowden, when the company started putt
37、ing in place a series oftechnologies that, by default, make use of encryption(加密)to limit access to peoples data. More than that, Apple-and, indifferent ways, other tech companies, including Google, Facebook, Twitter andMicorsoft- have made their oppositionto the governments claims a point of corpor
38、ate pride.H) Apples emerging global brand isprivacy; it has staked its corporate reputation, not to mention the investmentof considerable technical and financial resources, on limiting the sort of masssurveillance that was uncovered by Mr. Snowden. So now, for many casesinvolving governmental intrus
39、ions into data, once-lonely privacy advocates findthemselves fighting alongside the mast powerful company in the world.I) “A comparison point is in the 1990sbattles over encryption, said Kurt Opsahl, general counsel of the ElectronicFrontier Foundation, a privacy watchdog group. Then you had a few c
40、ompaniesinvolved but not one of the largest companies in the world coming out with alengthy and impassioned post, like we saw yesterday from Timothy Cook. Itsprofile has really been raised.J) Apple and other tech companies holdanother ace: the technical means to keep making their devices more and mo
41、reinaccessible. Note that apples public opposition to the governments requestis itself a hindrance to mass government intrusion. And to get at the contentsof a single iPhone, the government says it needs a court order and apples helpto write new code; in earlier versions of the iPhone, ones that wer
42、e createdbefore Apple found religion on(*R f) privacy, the FBI might have been able tobreak into the device by itself.K) You can expect that noose(束缚) to continue to tighten. Experts said that whether or not Appleloses this specific case, measures that it could put into place in the futurewill almos
43、t certainly be able to further limit the governments reach.L) That is not to say that the outcome ofthe San Bernardino case is insignificant. As apple and several security expertshave argued, an order compelling Apple to write software that gives the FBIaccess to the iPhone in question would establi
44、sh an unsettling precedent. Theorder essentially asks Apple to hack its own devices, and once it is in place,the precedent could be used to justify law enforcement efforts to get aroundencryption technologies in other investigations far removed from nationalsecurity threats.M) Once armed with a meth
45、od for gainingaccess to iPhones, the government could ask to use it proactively(先发制人地),before a suspected terrorist attack-leaving Apple in a bind as to whether tocomply or risk an attack and suffer a public-relations nightmare. This is abrand-new move in the war against encryption, “Mr. Opsahl said
46、. “Wehave had plenty of debates in Congress and the media over whether thegovernment should have a backdoor, and this is an end run(迂回战术) around that-here they come with an order to create that backdoorN) Yet it is worth noting that even ifApple ultimately loses this case, it has plenty of technical
47、 means to close abackdoor over time.“If they are anywhere near worth their salt asengineers, I bet they are rethinking their threat model as we speak, “saidJonathan Zdziarski, a digital expert who studies the iPhone and itsvulnerabilities.O) One relatively simple fix, Mr. Zdziarskisaid, would be for
48、 Apple to modify future versions of the iPhone to require auser to enter a passcode before the phone will accept the sort of modifiedoperating system that the FBI wants Apple to create. That way, Apple could notunilaterally introduce a code that weakens the iPhone-a user would have toconsent to it.P
49、)“Nothing is 100 percent hacker-proof,“Mr. Zdziarski said, but he pointed out that the judges order in thiscase required Apple to provide “reasonable security assistance“tounlock Mr. Farooks phone. If Apple alters the security model of future iPhonesso that even its own engineers reasonable assistance“ will not be able tocrack a given device when compelled by the government, a precedent s
