1、2010年 11月北京成人英语三级考试真题(B 卷)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Reading Compr(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: Breastfeeding (母乳喂养) for a month or longer appears to reduce a womans risk of getting diabetes (糖病) later in life, according to a new study. The
2、breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her study makes the link easier to believe. Her study is published in a journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and her colleagues looked at data about breastfeeding practices. They eval
3、uated data on 2,233 women fom Califomia. Of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703 were mothers who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old. According to Schwarzs study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (诊断) of Type 2 diabetes for women w
4、ho breastfed all their children for a month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. Mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to develop di
5、abetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, Schwarz found. While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Schwarz says, even longer is better. (76) “Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.” Many experts recommend breastfee
6、ding for six months and continuing for a year, she says. The diabetes-breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. Mothers, who dont breastfeed, as they get older, may have more belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. “Belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as you
7、get older,” she says. The finding isnt surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She often gives advice to women who get diabetes (occurring during pregnancy (怀孕) that they are at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes and suggests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Gregory to a
8、dd to the-advice she gives moms-to-be about the benefits of breastfeeding. She often focuses on the benefits to the baby.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? （分数：2.00）A.About two thousand and two hundred old women took part in the study.B.Eleanor
9、 Schwarzs research program was about men and women who suffered from diabetes.C.Over one fifths of the women never got married.D.Eleanor Schwarzs results seem more reliable.(2).According to Schwarzs findings, who are more likely to get diabetes later in life? （分数：2.00）A.Those mothers who had never b
10、reastfed.B.Those mothers who never gave birth.C.Those mothers who breastfed for a month.D.Those mothers who breastfed for six months.(3).Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with? （分数：2.00）A.Breastfeeding is not advisable because it is not good for a mom to keep a good shape.B.Breas
11、tfeeding can greatly reduce a mothers chances of getting all kinds of serious disease.C.Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better.D.Breastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter.(4).What does the author mean by “moms-to-be” in the last paragraph? （分数：2.00）A.W
12、omen who are pregnant, especially for the first time.B.Women who dream of having babiesfor the first time.C.Women who already have children.D.Women who have just got babies for the first time.(5).Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （分数：2.00）A.Breastfeeding May Enhance Ba
13、bies Chances of SurvivalB.Breastfeeding May Lower Moms Diabetes RiskC.Breastfeeding May Become Very Fashioaable in Near FutureD.Breastfeeding May Help Women Lose WeightPassage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, m
14、ore or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs，but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materi
15、als that dont break down or disappear very quicklythings like human bones and objects made from stone and metal. It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history-normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood.
16、 Occasionally, things are different. In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soupwalk in the wrong place an
17、d you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking outa human foot! Naturally, the men called the police，who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly-but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a bo
18、dy from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organsthe scientists who examined him were able to look inside the mans stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal! Why was this man so well preserved? (77) It w
19、as because he was in a very watery environment, safe fi:om the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the mans skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes. How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and othe
20、r scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called,“Lindow Man”. (78) His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadnt done heavy manual work in his lifehe could have been a rich man. They found that he hadnt died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to thr
21、ee different gods. （分数：10.00）(1).Which language does the word “archaeology”come from? （分数：2.00）A.French.B.Greek.C.Roman.D.German.(2).The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to_. （分数：2.00）A.lettersB.photographsC.paintingsD.objects(3).Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man”? （分数：2
22、.00）A.Ice and Iow temperature.B.Bacteria and oxygen.C.Soil and energy.D.Acid and water(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? （分数：2.00）A.“Lindow Man”was named after the person who first found him.B.Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard
23、evidence.C.“Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.D.“Lindow Man”was good at manual work(5).Which is the best title for the passage? （分数：2.00）A.What Is Archaeology?B.Archaeology and HistoryC.An Amazing Archaeological DiscoveryD.The Death of“Lindow Man”Passage 3 Questions
24、 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis
25、, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare. And yet, city life isnt easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. (79) After spending a
26、 few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control . While its long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so. One of the main f
27、orces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apa
28、rtments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life. This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead
29、of inhabiting wide-open spaces, were crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of Strangers. In recent years, its become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think. This research
30、 is also leading some scientists to dabble (涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. (80) The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can signific
31、antly reduce the negative side effects of city life . The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? （分数：2.00）A.The city inspires talented people.B.The city hurts your brain.C.The city has many pleasures and benef
32、its.D.The city seriously affects the natural balance(2).The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_. （分数：2.00）A.citizenB.natureC.cityD.stress(3).People have just come to realize that_. （分数：2.00）A.human attention is a scarce resourceB.city life can make people very tiredC.t
33、he city is an engine of intellectual lifeD.an urban environment is damaging to the brain(4).What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly? （分数：2.00）A.Nature.B.Better treatment.C.Experienced doctors.D.Good medicine.(5).According to the passa
34、ge, which of the following statements is TRUE? （分数：2.00）A.Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self-control.B.Small changes in urban design, cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.C.For the first time in history, the ea
35、rths population is more urban than rural.D.A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.二、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.By the end of last week 611 people from 49 countries to attend the meeting, with nearly half coming from the United States, Germany and Britain. （分数：1.00）A.
36、had registeredB.have registeredC.registeredD.were registered2.It was suggested that_big event like the Year of Russia in China should certainly benefit_relationship between the two countries. （分数：1.00）A.a; theB.the; aC a; /D.the; /3.Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the
37、field, he succeeded_ other more well-informed experimenters failed. （分数：1.00）A.asB.unlessC.whatD.where4.Having been praised by the teacher, the little girl ran back home, _. （分数：1.00）A.happily and satisfiedB.eager and excitedlyC.happy and satisfiedD.anxiously and excitedly5.20How are their talks goi
38、ng on? Have they reached any agreement? They only seemed to have agreed to set another date for _ talks. （分数：1.00）A.deeperB.slowerC.furtherD.higher6._ ten minutes earlier, you wouldnt have missed the train. But you were late. （分数：1.00）A.Had you comeB.Did you comeC.Have you comeD.Should you come7.Hav
39、ing been told that her son died in the accident, the old woman appeared very calm, as if nothing _. （分数：1.00）A.happenedB.were happenedC.was happenedD.had happened8.You should carefully think over_ the manager said at the meeting. （分数：1.00）A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose9.Last week I wrote to the hotel to
40、 book a room, but they _ yet. （分数：1.00）A.didnt answerB.wasnt answeringC.hadnt answeredD.havent answered10.Diana felt very much upset at _ to the party as she had longed to go for a long time. （分数：1.00）A.having not been invitedB.not having been invitedC.not to be invitedD.to be not invited11.On no ac
41、count _ held responsible for the car accident, so he should not be put into prison. （分数：1.00）A.the driver can beB.can the driver beC.the driver beD.be the driver12.All the kids are crying now. What_makes them so unhappy? （分数：1.00）A.it isB.is itC.it is thatD.is it that13.Unfortunately, the package I
42、was expecting was _ to the wrong address. （分数：1.00）A.writtenB.givenC.packedD.delivered14._by a large audience, he felt very nervous and didnt know what to say. （分数：1.00）A.WatchingB.WatchC.WatchedD.Having watched15.Im very grateful for your help and hope to do something for you_in the future. （分数：1.0
43、0）A.in exchangeB.insteadC.in returnD.in particular16.I can _you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you neednt worry about them. （分数：1.00）A.supposeB.assumeC.assureD.grant17.The drowning boy made a _ attempt to catch the rope thrown to him. （分数：1.00）A.dangerousB.gracefulC.gentleD.despe
44、rate18.If we_early tomorrow morning, we will reach the coast before dark. （分数：1.00）A.take offB.set offC.set upD.take up19.A lot of people mistake John for Bill because they _ each other in appearance too much! （分数：1.00）A.weaveB.utilizeC.revealD.resemble20.When there are cordial relations between the
45、 two countries, we mean there exists a_ relationship between them. （分数：1.00）A.friendlyB.hostileC.fertileD.complicated21.The patients recovery was very encouraging as he could_get out of bed without help. （分数：1.00）A.onlyB.almostC.merelyD.hardly22.At the job interview, Mr. Brown gave a good _ of himse
46、lf and finally got a job as a salesman. （分数：1.00）A.opinionB.ideaC.cryD.account23.As is well known, eating too much fat can_heart disease and cause high blood pressure. （分数：1.00）A.add toB.attend toC.contribute toD.apply to24.A club is a place to make frequent_with friends. （分数：1.00）A.accountsB.attemp
47、tsC.contentsD.contacts25._the obvious differences in size and population, the states of America have many things_ common. （分数：1.00）A.Although; onB.Though; inC.Despite; inD.Because of; on26.Scientists say it may be five or six years _this medicine is tested on human beings. （分数：1.00）A.sinceB.beforeC.
48、afterD.when27.With larger numbers of graduates than ever before, just having a degree will no longer be enough to make you _in the crowd. （分数：1.00）A.stand upB.stand byC.stand forD.stand out28.The doctor tried to do an experiment to find out the_of the medicine on the mice. （分数：1.00）A.causeB.resultC.
49、reasonD.effect29.This is only one of the laundries in the district modem equipment. （分数：1.00）A.that haveB.which haveC.that hasD.what has30.Skating can be good for you _ correctly. （分数：1.00）A.though doingB.though doneC.if doneD.if doing三、Part III Identificat(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.Who has eyes can see what great achievements we have made since 1978.（分数：1.00）A.WhoB.has eyesC.what great achievementsD.have made32.Surely, there
