1、2008年 11月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统考(A 卷)题及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Reading Compr(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: Scientists in India have invented a new way to produce electricity. Their invention does not get its power from oil, coal or other fuels. It
2、 produces electricity with the power of animals. India has about eighty million bullocks. They do all kinds of jobs. They work in the fields. They pull vehicles through the streets. They carry water containers. (76)Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide en
3、ergy. Scientists at the National Institute for Industrial Engineering in Bombay wondered whether the millions of bullocks could help. Many villages in India lack electricity, but they have many bullocks. And often the animals are not working. One job done by bullocks is to pump water out of the well
4、. The animals do this by walking around and around in a circle. As they walk, they turn a heavy stick that makes the pump move. This simple technology is centuries old. Scientists thought that the same technology could be used to produce electricity. Bullocks walk in a circle only two or three times
5、 a minute. This is much too slow to produce electricity, but it can create enough power to turn a series of gears. A large gear sits next to a smaller gear. As the large gear turns, it causes the smaller gear to turn. That gear turns an even smaller one. Each gear moves faster because it is a little
6、 smaller. The smallest gear may turn extremely fast. (77)Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity. According to the officials in the United Nations, the idea is being tested at several places in India. The device is easy to
7、 operate and repair. And it can be moved easily. It costs about three hundred and seven dollars now to make such a device, but production of large numbers of them could cut the cost of each to about two hundred dollars. （分数：10.00）(1).Who first thought of using bullocks to provide energy? （分数：2.00）A.
8、Indian energy officialsB.Scientists in IndiaC.Officials in the United NationsD.Researchers in Europe.(2).Which kind of job that the bullocks do is NOT mentioned in the passage? （分数：2.00）A.Pulling vehiclesB.Plowing fieldsC.Pumping water out if wellsD.Carrying food baskets(3).Why are bullocks used to
9、provide energy in India? （分数：2.00）A.Because bullocks have long been used by Indian peopleB.Because bullocks walk slowly and are easy to controlC.Because there are few non-working bullocks in IndiaD.Because there is not enough oil in India(4). In the sentence “This simple technology is centuries old”
10、 in Paragraph One, “This simple technology” refers to _. （分数：2.00）A.using bullocks to produce energyB.using pumps to draw water outC.having bullocks walk around to make the pump moveD.connecting gears of different sizes to produce electricity.(5).Which of the following is true about the device menti
11、oned in the passage? （分数：2.00）A.It has a large gear and a smaller gear.B.Its easy to use, but difficult to move.C.Its quite cheap.D.Its still being tested.Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: On-the-job smoking is a hot issue for both smokers and non-smokers, and many mana
12、gers now see smoking as a productivity problem. Although some people question whether smoking really affects ones productivity, it has, in fact, been proven that a smoker costs a company more than a non-smoker. According to Professor William Weis, a smoking employee costs his or her employer about $
13、 5,700 more a year than a never-smoker. These costs include medical care, lost earnings and insurance. And absence due to smoking breaks is one of the productivity problems, yet it accounts for a great deal of employer costs. (78) When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the
14、most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers. It has long been proven that smoking is linked to lung cancer. Now many health experts warn that passive smoking can cause lung cancer and other illnesses in healthy never-smokers. Passive smoking can be
15、 defined as exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke in enclosed areas. Anyone who has been with smokers indeed knows that their smoke can cause eye irritation, coughing, headaches and throat soreness. While eye irritation may seem a small thing to some smokers, it nevertheless is a problem that occurs
16、 every workday in offices and break-rooms and can lead to greater health problems. Employees who do not smoke should not be subjected to the risks of passive smoking and need to be able to work in a safe environment. Surgeon General Koop states that the right of the smoker stops at the point where h
17、is or her smoking increases the disease risk of those occupying the same environment. （分数：10.00）(1).All the following cases are on-the-job smoking except that_. （分数：2.00）A.an employer smokes while working in the officeB.a taxi driver smokes while driving the carC.a worker smokes while working in the
18、 workshopD.a worker smokes while reading in the train(2). According to the passage, on-the-job smoking affects an employees performance in the office in that_. （分数：2.00）A.he can concentrate on what he is doing while smokingB.he often goes away from his desk to smoke in the break-roomC.he often asks
19、for sick leave as a result of too much smokingD.he takes a rest from time to time because of eye irritation(3).Many managers do not seem to be in favor of on-the-job smoking mainly because it _. （分数：2.00）A.reduces productivity of the company to a certain degreeB.does harm to the health of never-smok
20、ers of the companyC.affects the relationship between smokers and non-smokersD.makes the break-rooms more crowded and more polluted(4).Passive smoking means_ （分数：2.00）A.never-smokers take up the habit of smoking unwillinglyB.never-smokers have to put up with the active smokersC.never-smokers take in
21、smoke released by a lit cigaretteD.never-smokers share an enclosed area with smokers(5).In the second part of the passage, the author suggests banning on-the-job smoking so as to_.（分数：2.00）A.cut down costs of medical care and insuranceB.create a healthy and safe working environmentC.prevent eye irri
22、tation from becoming a big health problemD.improve the smoking employees work efficiencyPassage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with
23、 terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares(噩梦). (79)Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it
24、 might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories. In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. (80) So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may
25、be reduced, not that the memories are erased. The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from
26、 terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin peoples lives. They come back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “This could relieve a lot of that suffer
27、ing.” But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lived that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. Im not sur
28、e we want to wipe those memories out,” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist. （分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about _. （分数：2.00）A.a new medical inventionB.a new research on memoriesC.a way of erasing painful memoriesD.an argument about the research on the pill(2). The drug tested on people ca
29、n _. （分数：2.00）A.cause the brain to fix memoriesB.stop people remembering their experiencesC.prevent body producing certain chemicalsD.wipe out the emotional effects of memories(3).We can infer from the passage that_. （分数：2.00）A.people doubt the effects of the pillsB.the pill will stop peoples bad ex
30、periencesC.taking the pill will do harm to peoples healthD.the pill has probably been produced in America(4).Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with? （分数：2.00）A.Some memories can ruin peoples lives.B.People want to get rid of bad memories.C.Experiencing bad events makes us different f
31、rom others.D.The pill will reduce peoples sufferings from bad memories.(5). The word “scars” in Paragraph One is close in meaning to _. （分数：2.00）A.good storiesB.painsC.experiencesD.memories二、Part II Vocabulary (总题数：30，分数：30.00)1. Dont be too _ about things you are not supposed to know. （分数：1.00）A.st
32、rangeB.amusingC.curiousD.conscious2. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. （分数：1.00）A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why3. In order to change attitudes _ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws. （分数：1.00）A.aboutB.ofC.towardsD.on4.The fact cam
33、e up _ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old. （分数：1.00）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whose5. It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science. （分数：1.00）A.an art much asB.much an art asC.as an art much asD.as much an art as6. _, I have to put it away and focus my
34、attention on study this week. （分数：1.00）A.However the story is amusingB.No matter amusing the story isC.However amusing the story isD.No matter how the story is amusing7. For the sake of her daughters health, she decided to move to a warm_. （分数：1.00）A.weatherB.temperatureC.seasonD.climate8.Be careful
35、 when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get _ by a car. （分数：1.00）A.run outB.run overC.run awayD.run after9. _, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. （分数：1.00）A.Strangely enoughB.Enough strangelyC.Strange enoughD.Enough strange10. Having a trip a
36、broad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. （分数：1.00）A.to seeB.to be seenC.seeingD.seen11.-You seem to show interest in cooking. -What? _, Im getting tired of it. （分数：1.00）A.On the contraryB.To the contraryC.On the other handD.To the other hand12.These wi
37、ld flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them. （分数：1.00）A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever13. Time will_ whether I made the right choice or not. （分数：1.00）A.seeB.sayC.tellD.know14.Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. （分数：1.00）
38、A.seizing; disappearedB.seized; disappearedC.seizing; disappearingD.seized; disappearing15. It suddenly _ me how we could improve the situation. （分数：1.00）A.occurredB.fearedC.shookD.struck16.Was it because he was ill _ he asked for leave? （分数：1.00）A.soB.whenC.whyD.that17. John likes Chinese food, but
39、 he _ eating with chopsticks. （分数：1.00）A.is used toB.used toC.isnt used toD.didnt used to18.Fujian Province lies _ the east of China and Taiwan is _ the east of Fujian. （分数：1.00）A.in; inB.to; inC.to; toD.in; to19.For John this was the beginning of a new life, _he thought he would never see.（分数：1.00）
40、A.whatB.thatC.oneD.it20.We stayed for the night at the foot of the mountain and _ to climb it the next morning. （分数：1.00）A.set aboutB.set offC.set upD.set out21. We should do as much ad we can _ our country better and more beautiful. （分数：1.00）A.makeB.to makeC.makesD.making22.“To put of something” me
41、ans “to _”. （分数：1.00）A.look for itB.put it in placeC.postpone itD.cancel it23. _, hell make a first-class tennis player. （分数：1.00）A.Giving timeB.To give timeC.Given timeD.Being given time24.-Did you see her off the day before yesterday? -No, but I wish I _. （分数：1.00）A.wereB.didC.hadD.would25.Some dr
42、ivers always drive carelessly. There is some _ danger while they are driving. （分数：1.00）A.painfulB.potentialC.probableD.primary26.You have stayed at home for two days. Its time you _ for a walk. （分数：1.00）A.go outB.went outC.will go outD.would go out27.Can you _ the three mistakes in this paragraph? （
43、分数：1.00）A.turn outB.bring outC.call outD.pick out28.This is much _ to the one I bought last week. （分数：1.00）A.worseB.lowerC.inferiorD.equal29. _ their country has plenty of oil, ours has none. （分数：1.00）A.WhileB.WhereC.WhenD.Unless30.There at the door stood a girl about the same height _. （分数：1.00）A.a
44、s meB.as mineC.with mineD.with me三、Part III Identificat(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.The reporter was very pleased when the chairman allowed him to ask few questions. （分数：1.00）A.veryB.whenC.allowedD.few questions32. He tried to learn Greek but soon got tired of it and gave up it. （分数：1.00）A.tried toB.soonC.ti
45、red of itD.gave up it33. With the sun setting, we stopped working, putting away our tools and were going to go home.（分数：1.00）A.settingB.workingC.puttingD.going34.Polite manners in China demand that a person stands up when anyone enters a room or when anyone hands him something.（分数：1.00）A.Polite mann
46、ersB.stands upC.entersD.hands35. This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the gold medal at the Winter Olympic Games.（分数：1.00）A.ThisB.whomC.saysD.at36.I heard that you really had a wonderful time at Johns birthday party, hadnt you?（分数：1.00）A.heardB.hadC.atD.hadnt37. E-mail as well as mobile
47、 telephones are becoming more and more popular in daily communication.（分数：1.00）A.as well asB.areC.more and moreD.in38.They are going to have the servicemen installed an electric fan in the office tomorrow.（分数：1.00）A.are going toB.haveC.installedD.in39.Two woman teachers and four girl students were p
48、raised at the meeting yesterday.（分数：1.00）A.womanB.girlC.wereD.at40.Lesson Three is the most difficult lesson, but it isnt the most difficult lesson in Book Four.（分数：1.00）A.theB.butC.theD.in四、Part IV Cloze (10%)(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Scientists say that something very serious is happening to the earth. It w
49、ill begin to get _56_ in the following years. There will be major changes in _57_ in the new century. Coastal waters will have a _58_ temperature. This will have a _59_ effect on agriculture. In northern areas, the _60_ season will be ten days longer by the year 2010. However, in warmer areas, it will be too dry. The _61_ of water could _62_ by eighty percent. This would _63_ a large decrease in agriculture p
