1、(A)上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试英译中社会人文(一)及答案解析(总分：99.99，做题时间：90 分钟)一、试题 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-mail ads, California is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation. A law that goes into effect on Jan. 1 allows computer users in the state to refu
2、se unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as 1 million. Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers. Fearing t
3、he law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states that are going the same route. But such self-interest is hardly enlightened. The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC user
4、s, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam. In fact, a survey released Oct. 22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve. The survey of computer users, funded by
5、the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.（分数：24.99）(1).At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-mail ads, Califomia is abou
6、t to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation.（分数：3.57）_(2).A law that goes into effect on Jan. 1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as 1 million.（分数：3.57）_(3).Those potent weapons for deflecting p
7、itches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers.（分数：3.57）_(4).Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the to
8、ugh tactics in California and other states that are going the same route. But such self-interest is hardly enlightened.（分数：3.57）_(5).The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam.（分数：3.57
9、）_(6).In fact, a survey released Oct. 22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve.（分数：3.57）_(7).The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use
10、e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.（分数：3.57）_二、试题 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)The book shows us the progress of a remarkable American, who, through his own enormous energies and efforts, made the unlikely journey from Hope, Arkansas, to th
11、e White Housea journey fueled by an impassioned interest in the political process which manifested itself at every stage of his life: in college, working as an intern for Senator William Fulbright; at Oxford, becoming part of the Vietnam War protest movement; at Yale Law School, campaigning on the g
12、rassroots level for Democratic candidates; back in Arkansas, running for Congress, attorney general, and governor. We see his career shaped by his resolute determination to improve the life of his fellow citizens, an unfaltering commitment to civil fights, and an exceptional understanding of the pra
13、cticalities of political life. We come to understand the emotional pressures of his youthborn after his father“s death; caught in the dysfunctional relationship between his feisty, nurturing mother and his abusive stepfather; drawn to the brilliant, compelling lady whom he was determined to marry; p
14、assionately devoted, from her infancy, to their daughter, and to the entire experience of fatherhood; slowly and painfully beginning to comprehend how his early denial of pain led him at times into damaging patterns of behavior.（分数：25.00）(1).The book shows us the progress of a remarkable American, w
15、ho, through his own enormous energies and efforts, made the unlikely journey from Hope, Arkansas, to the White Housea journey fueled by an impassioned interest in the political process which manifested itself at every stage of his life.（分数：6.25）_(2)in college, working as an intern for Senator Willia
16、m Fulbright; at Oxford, becoming part of the Vietnam War protest movement; at Yale Law School, campaigning on the grassroots level for Democratic candidates; back in Arkansas, running for Congress, attorney general, and governor.（分数：6.25）_(3).We see his career shaped by his resolute determination to
17、 improve the life of his fellow citizens, an unfaltering commitment to civil rights, and an exceptional understanding of the practicalities of political life.（分数：6.25）_(4).We come to understand the emotional pressures of his youth-born after his father“s death; caught in the dysfunctional relationsh
18、ip between his feisty, nurturing mother and his abusive stepfather; drawn to the brilliant, compelling lady whom he was determined to marry; passionately devoted, from her infancy, to their daughter, and to the entire experience of fatherhood; slowly and painfully beginning to comprehend how his ear
19、ly denial of pain led him at times into damaging patterns of behavior.（分数：6.25）_三、试题 3(总题数：1，分数：25.00)The three sacred words “duty“, “honor“ and “country“ reverently dictate what you should be, what you can be, and what you will be. They urge you to build courage when courage seems to fail, to regai
20、n faith when there seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope becomes abandoned. I am convinced that these words teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble and gentle in success; not to substitute words for action; not to seek the path of comfort, but to face
21、 the stress of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall; to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high; to learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future, yet never neglect the past; to be serious, yet never ta
22、ke yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness, the open mind of true wisdom, the meekness of true strength. In short, these words teach you to be both a militant fighter and a gentleman.（分数：25.00）(1).The three sacred words “duty“, “honor“ and “cou
23、ntry“ reverently dictate what you should be, what you can be, and what you will be.（分数：6.25）_(2).They urge you to build courage when courage seems to fail, to regain faith when there seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope becomes abandoned.（分数：6.25）_(3).I am convinced that thes
24、e words teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble and gentle in success; not to substitute words for action; not to seek the path of comfort, but to face the stress of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall; to ha
25、ve a heart that is clean, a goal that is high; to learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future, yet never neglect the past; to be serious, yet never take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness, the open mind of true w
26、isdom, the meekness of true strength.（分数：6.25）_(4).In short, these words teach you to be both a militant fighter and a gentleman.（分数：6.25）_四、试题 4(总题数：1，分数：25.00)What a noble medium the English language is. It is not possible to write a page without experiencing positive pleasure at the richness and
27、variety, the flexibility and the profoundness of our mother-tongue. If an English writer cannot say what he has to say in English, and in simple English, it is probably not worth saying. What a pity that English is not more generally studied. I am not going to attack classical education. No one who
28、has the slightest pretension to literary tastes can be insensible to its attraction. But I confess our present educational system excites in my mind grave misgivings, which I cannot believe is the best or even reasonable, a system that thrusts upon reluctant and uncomprehending multitudes treasures
29、which can only be appreciated by the privileged and gifted few. To the vast majority of children who attend our public schools; classical education is from beginning to end long, useless and meaningless. If I am told that classical subjects are the best preparation for the study of English, I reply
30、that by far this preparatory stage is incomplete and without deriving any of the benefits which are promised as its result.（分数：25.00）(1).What a noble medium the English language is. It is not possible to write a page without experiencing positive pleasure at the richness and variety, the flexibility
31、 and the profoundness of our mother-tongue.（分数：5.00）_(2).If an English writer cannot say what he has to say in English, and in simple English, it is probably not worth saying.（分数：5.00）_(3).What a pity that English is not more generally studied. I am not going to attack classical education. No one wh
32、o has the slightest pretension to literary tastes can be insensible to its attraction.（分数：5.00）_(4).But I confess our present educational system excites in my mind grave misgivings, which I cannot believe is the best or even reasonable, a system that thrusts upon reluctant and uncomprehending multit
33、udes treasures which can only be appreciated by the privileged and gifted few.（分数：5.00）_(5).To the vast majority of children who attend our public schools; classical education is from beginning to end long, useless and meaningless. If I am told that classical subjects are the best preparation for th
34、e study of English, I reply that by far this preparatory stage is incomplete and without deriving any of the benefits which are promised as its result.（分数：5.00）_(A)上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试英译中社会人文(一)答案解析(总分：99.99，做题时间：90 分钟)一、试题 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-ma
35、il ads, California is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation. A law that goes into effect on Jan. 1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as 1 million. Those potent weapons for deflecting p
36、itches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers. Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics i
37、n California and other states that are going the same route. But such self-interest is hardly enlightened. The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam. In fact, a survey released Oct. 2
38、2 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve. The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant
39、to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.（分数：24.99）(1).At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-mail ads, Califomia is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation.（分数：3.57）_正确答案：()解析：正当公众遭受不请自来的电子广告邮件之时，加州即将发动全国最为凌厉的反击。 解析 unsolicited意为“未被恳求的，主动提供的”。
40、Unsolicited Bulk Email (UBE)，指没获得收信者允许、向多数收信人一齐发送的邮件。 (2).A law that goes into effect on Jan. 1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as 1 million.（分数：3.57）_正确答案：()解析：1 月 1日生效的一项法律使加州计算机用户得以拒绝大量令人讨厌的电子垃圾广告，并
41、起诉违反其意愿的电子垃圾广告发送者，要求得到多达 100万美元的赔偿。一项法律在 1月 1日生效后，加州计算机用户就可以拒绝大量令人讨厌的电子垃圾广告，而且可以起诉违反其意愿的电子垃圾广告发送者，要求得到多达 100万美元的赔偿。 解析 原句是个无灵主语句，译成汉语时，方法之一是译成使动结构，如第一个译文；第二个方法是把原来的使动结构的主语译成状语，如第二个译文。句中的 en masse为法语，意为“全体地，一同地，大规模地”。 (3).Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger b
42、ody parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers.（分数：3.57）_正确答案：()解析：通过使用这些有力武器旨在摆脱种种商品广告，如推销较大的车身部件，较低的抵押利率等，这已引起美国商会和大规模专营销售公司的愤怒。 解析 上述译文使用了增译法，增加了动词“使用”以使语义明确。chamber 多用于表达工商业、矿业和运输方面的协会。如：西澳大利亚的 Chamber of Mines(矿业协会)、American Chamber o
43、f Commerce(美国商业协会)和 International Chamber of Shipping(国际航运协会)等；一些国家的翻译协会也用此词表达，如比利时的 Belgian Chamber of Translators， Interpreters and Philologists。而美国商务部则是 the Department of Commerce。此外，常用的表达“协会”的词还包括： 1) academy：通常指学者、科学家和艺术家的协会。如：Royal Academy of Arts(英国皇家艺术协会)、Academy of Television Arts and Sciences(美国电视科学艺术协会)，Academy of Country Music
