1、美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)-18 及答案解析(总分：38.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part One(总题数：38，分数：38.00)1.To assess orientation to place in a client suspected of having Alzheimers the nurse should askA“Where are you?“ B“Who brought you here?“C“Do you know where you are?“ D“Do you know the day you arrived?/（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.An eld
2、erly nursing home resident with the diagnosis of Alzheimers likes to talk about older days and at times has a tendency to confabulate. The nurse should recognize that this behavior serves toAPrevent regression BIncrease self-esteemCAttract the attention of others DReminisce about achievements（分数：1.0
3、0）A.B.C.D.3.When planning care for a 72-year-old client who has been admitted to the hospital because of bizarre behavior, forgetfulness, and confusion, the nurse should give priority toAPreserving the dignity of the clientBPromoting a structured environmentCLimiting the acceleration of symptomatolo
4、gyDDetermining or ruling out an organic etiology（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.An elderly nursing home resident with the diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimers type hoards lefto ver food from the meal tray and other seemingly valueless articles and stuffs them into pockets “so the others wont steal them. “ The
5、 nurse should plan toARemove unsafe and soiled articles from the residents belongings during the nightBGive the resident a small bag in which to place selected personal articles and foodCExplain to the resident why the nursing homes policy for cleanliness and safety must be followedDTell the residen
6、t that the staff is required to keep harmful objects out of reach in the residents closet（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.A 54-year-old client has demonstrated increasing forgetfulness, irritability, and antisocial behavior. After being found disoriented and seminaked walking down a street, the client is admitted
7、 to the hospital, and a diagnosis of Alzheimers disease is made. The client expresses fear and anxiety. Considering the clients diagnosis, the best approach would be for the nurse toAInitiate a program of planned interaction and activityBReassure the client by the frequent presence of staffCExplore
8、in depth the reasons for the clients concernsDExplain the purpose of the unit and why admission was necessary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Nursing management of a forgetful, disoriented client with the diagnosis of Alzheimers disease should be directed towardARechanneling the clients excessive energiesBManagin
9、g the clients somewhat bizarre behaviorsCRestricting all gross motor activity to prevent injuryDPreventing further deterioration in the clients condition（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.An elderly resident with the diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimers type frequently talk about the good old days at the ranch a
10、s a child. On the basis of an understanding of the residents diagnosis, the nurses most appropriate action at this time would be toAInvolve the resident in interesting diversional activities in a small groupBAllow the resident to reminisce about the past and listen with interest to the storiesCGentl
11、y remind the resident that those “good old days“ are past and thinking should focus on the presentDIntroduce the resident to other residents of the same age so that they can mutually share their past experiences（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.An elderly female client is admitted to a nursing home from the genera
12、l hospital with a diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimers type. One morning, after being in the nursing home for several days, the client is going to join a group of residents in recreational therapy. The nurse notes that the client has laid out several dresses on her bed but has not changed from he
13、r nightclothes. It would be most helpful for the nurse toARemind the client to dress more quickly to avoid delaying the other residentsBHelp the client select appropriate attire and offer her assistance in getting dressedCHelp the client dress and tell her what time the residents are expected at the
14、 activityDAllow the client as much time as she needs but explain that she is too late to attend this activity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.In the management planning of a patient with a delusional disorder, the nursing goals would include that the patient willADevelop a trusting relationship with the nurseBDec
15、rease the frequency of delusional content in his speechCIngest medications and nutrition and socialize with the nurse and othersDAll of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Which of the following is a actor indicating high risk or vulnerability to schizophrenia?AHyperactivity in the preschool ageBPresence o
16、f intimate peer relationships during early adolescenceCLoss of a loving oneDDisorganized, disruptive families（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.What is the main symptom of hebephrenic schizophrenia?AThe inappropriate affect of the person BAbnormal and postural movementsCDelusions and extreme suspiciousness DUndiff
17、erentiated symptoms（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.How should a psychiatric nurse respond when a delusional patient fearfully tells her that people are waiting outside the hospital to kill him?A“You dont have to worry because you are safe here. “B“You know as well as I do that no one is trying to kill you. “C“Y
18、ou should rest now and, when you wake up, Im certain youll feel less afraid. “D“I understand how frightened you feel but when you are better you will see things in a different way. /（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Which of the followings distinguish the schizophrenic from the non-schizophrenic?AA heightened cap
19、acity for pleasure BA strong tendency to be dependent on othersCA disturbance in mental functioning DAn impairment in social competence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The group of medications most often used in the treatment of schizophrenia isAAntichoinergics BPhenothiazines CThioxanthenes DAntidepressants（分数：
20、1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Which of the following ego defense mechanisms is most pronounced in paranoid conditions in which there is an actual break with reality?ADisplacement BIsolation CRegression DProjection（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.When working in a psychiatric setting, it is imperative that the nurse prevent cl
21、ients fromABreaking contracts BUsing delusional thinkingCHarming themselves or others DIncreasing hallucinatory behaviors（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.To deal with a clients hallucinations therapeutically, the nurse plans toAReinforce the perceptual distortions until the client develops new defensesBProvide a
22、n unstructured environment and assign the client to a private roomCAvoid helping the client make connections between anxiety-producing situations and hallucinationsDDistract the clients attention by providing a competing stimulus that is stronger than the hallucinations（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.A disturbe
23、d client is scheduled to begin group therapy. The client refuses to attend. The nurse shouldAAccept the clients decision without discussionBHave another client ask the client to reconsiderCTell the client that attendance at the meeting is requiredDInsist that the client join the group to help the so
24、cialization process（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.One morning a client tells the nurse, “my legs are turning to rubber because I have an incurable disease called schizophrenia. “ The nurse recognizes that this is an example ofAA hallucination BParanoid thinkingCDepersonalization DAutistic verbalization（分数：1.00
25、）A.B.C.D.20.A male clients statement about a microcomputer implanted in his ear by a foreign agent would help the nurse recognize that the client is experiencingAIllusions BHallucinationsCNeologistic thinking DDelusional thoughts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.To increase the self-esteem of a client with schizo
26、phrenia, the nurse should plan toAReward healthy behaviors BIdentify various means of copingCEncourage good hygiene and grooming DExplain the diagnosis and treatment plan（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The nurse is aware that a common nursing diagnosis for clients with a schizophrenic disorder isASocial isolati
27、on related to impaired ability to trustBSleep pattern disturbances related to impaired thinking abilityCRisk for violence directed at others related to hallucinationsDImpaired mobility related to fear of loss of control of hostile impulses（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.When planning activities for a withdrawn,
28、 hallucinatory client, the nurse should recognize that it would be most therapeutic for the client toAGo for a walk with the nurse BWatch a movie with other clientsCPlay cards with a group of clients DPlay solitaire alone in the dayroom（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Which of the following techniques should the
29、 nurse use in working with individual depressed patients? She shouldABe aggressively cheerful BIndicate the patients good prognosisCPush the patient toward making decisions DAlways give elaborate encouragement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Which of the following is used to treat serious depression when drug th
30、erapy has failed?AElectroconvulsive therapy BInsulin treatmentCPsychosurgery DHydrotherapy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Which of the following is least likely to make a suicide attempt?AThe patient with a history of suicide attemptsBMembers of the patients family having a history of suicide attemptsCPatients
31、who obsessively fear that they will commit suicideDPatients who write suicide notes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Which is the BEST way to treat depression?AThe nurse helps the patient to bear the feelings he doesnt want to bear aloneBThe nurse helps the patient resolve the feelings that brought on the depress
32、ionCThe nurse encourages the patient to express negative feelingsDThere is no single way to treat depression（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Which of the following is the most effective antidepressant medication?AReserpine BTricyclics CThioxanthenes DMiltown（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.The nurse is aware that aside from
33、feeling sad and having difficulty concentrating and sleeping, other common signs of depression include:ARigid and narrowing of perceptionBAlternating episodes of fatigue and high energy levelsCDiminished pleasure in activities and alteration in appetiteDFleeting participation and interest in activit
34、ies of daily living（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Extremely depressed clients seem to do best in settings where they have:AMany varied activities BA great deal of stimuliCA simple daily schedule DTo make only simple decisions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.When caring for a client with a major depression, the nurse usuall
35、y has the most difficulty, dealing with the:AClients lack of energy BNegative nonverbal responsesCClients psychomotor retardation DPervasive quality of the depression（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.When working with a client who is depressed, the nurse should initially:AAccept what the client says BAttempt to k
36、eep the client occupiedCTry to keep the client from talking too much DKeep the clients surroundings bright and gay（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.When planning continuing care for the depressed client, the nurse should include:AOffering the client an opportunity to make some decisionsBEncouraging the client to
37、decide how to spend leisure timeCMaking all decisions to relieve the client of this responsibilityDAllowing the client time to be alone to decide in which activities to engage（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.One day, the nurse sits by a depressed clients bed and states, “I will be spending some time with you tod
38、ay. “ The client responds angrily, “Go talk to someone else. They need you more. “ The most therapeutic response by the nurse would he:A“Why are you angry with me?“B“Ill go, but I will be back tomorrow. “C“Dont say that. You are important, too. “D“I will be spending the next 15 minutes with you. /（分
39、数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.As a clients depression begins to lift, the nurse encourages involvement with unit activities, primarily because this type of activity:AProvides for and encourages group interactionBAllows the client to verbalize repressed feelings of hostilityCSupports the clients ego strengths an
40、d builds self-confidenceDKeeps the client in view of the staff to limit suicide opportunities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.The primary nursing diagnosis for a client with a medical diagnosis of major depression would be:ASpiritual distress related to depressionBSelf-esteem disturbance related to altered roleC
41、Powerlessness related to the loss of idealized selfDImpaired verbal communication related to depression（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.37.A depressed female client appears to show sadness in her nonverbal behavior. The nurse should plan to help the client to:AIncrease her structured physical activityBBe able to ca
42、rry out activities of daily livingCImprove her ability to communicate with significant othersDDeal with painful feelings by sharing them（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.When finding a depressed client crying, the most therapeutic response by the nurse to help the client explore feelings would be:A“Does crying he
43、lp?“ B“I know you are upset. “C“Tell me what has upset you. “ D“Do you want to tell me why you are crying?/（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)-18 答案解析(总分：38.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part One(总题数：38，分数：38.00)1.To assess orientation to place in a client suspected of having Alzheimers the nurse should askA“Where a
44、re you?“ B“Who brought you here?“C“Do you know where you are?“ D“Do you know the day you arrived?/（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：2.An elderly nursing home resident with the diagnosis of Alzheimers likes to talk about older days and at times has a tendency to confabulate. The nurse should recognize that this b
45、ehavior serves toAPrevent regression BIncrease self-esteemCAttract the attention of others DReminisce about achievements（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：3.When planning care for a 72-year-old client who has been admitted to the hospital because of bizarre behavior, forgetfulness, and confusion, the nurse should
46、 give priority toAPreserving the dignity of the clientBPromoting a structured environmentCLimiting the acceleration of symptomatologyDDetermining or ruling out an organic etiology（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：4.An elderly nursing home resident with the diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimers type hoards left
47、o ver food from the meal tray and other seemingly valueless articles and stuffs them into pockets “so the others wont steal them. “ The nurse should plan toARemove unsafe and soiled articles from the residents belongings during the nightBGive the resident a small bag in which to place selected perso
48、nal articles and foodCExplain to the resident why the nursing homes policy for cleanliness and safety must be followedDTell the resident that the staff is required to keep harmful objects out of reach in the residents closet（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：5.A 54-year-old client has demonstrated increasing forg
49、etfulness, irritability, and antisocial behavior. After being found disoriented and seminaked walking down a street, the client is admitted to the hospital, and a diagnosis of Alzheimers disease is made. The client expresses fear and anxiety. Considering the clients diagnosis, the best approach would be for the nurse toAInitiate a program of planned interaction and activityBReas
