1、美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)-16 及答案解析(总分：37.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part One(总题数：37，分数：37.00)1.Child abuse is suspected in a 3-year-old girl admitted to the hospital with many poorly explained injuries. During a conversation, the statement by the mother that would further this suspicion would beA“When I get angry, I tak
2、e her for a walk. “B“I send her to her room alone when she misbehaves. “C“I make her stand in the corner when she doesnt eat her dinner. “D“The other children were no problem; this one is stubborn and whiny. /（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.A mother of four is remanded to the psychiatric unit by the court for ob
3、servation. She was arrested and charged with abusing her 2-year-old son, who is in the pediatric intensive care unit in critical condition with a fractured skull and other injuries from a beating. When approaching the client, the nurse should expect the client toADeny beating her sonBExpress concern
4、 for her sonCAsk where her three other children areDAvoid talking about the situation completely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.When speaking with a mother accused of child abuse, the nurse should expect her toAAttempt to rationalize and explain her behaviorBOffer a detailed explanation of how her son was injure
5、dCReveal an overwhelming feeling that her children are worthlessDAsk how she may get permission to visit her son on the pediatric unit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The nurse may best assist an abusing parent to alter behavior toward an abused 2-year-old child by helping the client toALearn what behavior is app
6、ropriate for a 2-year-old childBLearn appropriate ways of punishing the childs inappropriate behaviorCIdentify the specific ways in which the childs behavior provokes frustrationDIgnore the childs negative, nondestructive behavior and support acceptable behavior（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.A young child suspe
7、cted of being sexually abused says to the nurse, “Did I do something bad?“ The nurses most therapeutic reply would beA“Who said you did something bad?“B“What do you mean, something bad?“C“Do you think that you did something bad?“D“Im not sure I would say it was something bad. /（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.A r
8、ecently married 22-year-old is brought to the trauma center by the police. She had been robbed, beaten, raped, and sodomized. The client, although very anxious and tearful, appears in control. The physician orders diazepam(Valium) 5 mg po prn for agitation. The nurse should administer this medicatio
9、n when theAClient requests something to calm herBClients crying and trembling seem to increaseCPhysician is ready to do a vaginal examination abuse historyDNurse determines the clients anxiety is increasing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The most important feeling for the nurse to convey to the client in order f
10、or the client with personality disorder to accept the nurse is one ofALet client feel warm and being careBWillingness to helpCRemorse for clientDNo-nonsense demands with client（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.When the physician examines the genital area of a child suspected of being abused, the nurse can be most
11、therapeutic byAExplaining the procedure and remaining with the child during the examinationBTelling the child that the doctor wants to see if there is “anything wrong down there. “CHelping the mother explain the examination and the findings in terms the child will understandDAsking whether the child
12、 would prefer the nurse or the mother to be present during the examination（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.When a six-year-old girl who is suspected of being sex abused refuse to be examined by an emergency nurse, whats the best appropriate response by the nurse?AAsk another nurse in emergency room to examine her
13、BRefer the child to a clinician expert in the examination and care of the sexually abused child or adolescentCCarefully explain to the girl why she need be examinedDCall the local child protective service（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Which one is not common factor attributing to the child abuse?AFamily stress
14、 factorsBParents psychological factorsCSocial factorsDChildrens knowledge（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.A woman who is firmly committed to natural childbirth and who has attended each natural childbirth class in preparation for her experience of labour and delivery undergoes a caesarean delivery when her fetus
15、 displays signs of distress. Inconsolable, she cries and calls herself a failure as a mother. Her loss may best be described asAActual BPerceived CPsychological DCombination of above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.When you interview an 82-year-old resident in a nursing home, she tells you that she has never got
16、ten over the death of her son who died 20 years age. She reports that her life fell apart after that and she never again felt like herself or was able to enjoy life. This type of grief is best described asAAbbreviated BAnticipatory CDysfunctional DInhibited（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Mr. Cooney is an 85-yea
17、r-old male patient in advanced stages of pneumonia with a no-code order in his chart. Which of the following nursing care actions will help establish a trusting nurse-patient relationship?AThe nurse should not express his own fears about death in order to better concentrate on the patients needsBThe
18、 nurse should reduce verbal and nonverbal contact with the patient to avoid confusing himCThe Nurse should encourage family members to assist in his nursing careDThe nurse should arrange a visit from a spiritual advisor against the patients wishes to provide hope in the face of death（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
19、.14.When you next visit this dying patient with AIDS, he breaks down and cries and tells you that it is unfair that he should have to die now when hes finally made peace with his family and wants to live. You are shocked by this change in his mood. Your best reply would beA“You cant be feeling this
20、way. You have to proceed through the stages of dying in an orderly progression, and youve just moved backward. “B“It does seem unfair . tell me more about how you are feeling . “C“Youll be all right, who knows how much time any of us has to enjoy relationships with those we love. You are lucky to ha
21、ve had the opportunity to make your peace. “D“Tell me about your pain. Did it keep you awake last night?/（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Which of the following nurse responses would be endorsed by the American Nurses Association?AA nurse promises a dying patient that he will do everything possible to keep her c
22、omfortable but that he cannot administer an injection or overdose to cause her death.BA nurse tells a dying patient who is on a ventilator that under no condition can he be removed from the ventilator because this is active euthanasia and it is expressly forbidden by the Code for Nurses.CAfter exhau
23、sting every intervention in her bag of tricks to keep a dying patient comfortable the nurse says, “I think you are now at a point where Im prepared to do what youve been asking me. Lets talk about when and how you want to die. “DIn response to a patient who asks for assistance in committing suicide
24、a nurse replies, “Im personally opposed to assisted suicide but Ill find you a colleague who can help you. /（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.You are caring for a comatose patient whose primary diagnosis is breast cancer but who has suffered multiple complications and who is now in the end stages of her illness.
25、She has been in the medical intensive care unit for 3 weeks. Her husband tells you that he and his wife often talked about the end of her life and that she was very clear about not wanting aggressive treatment that would merely prolong her dying. You both agree that this seems to be all that therapy
26、 is now doing for her. Which of the following orders would you recommend the husband speak to her physician aboutAComfort-measures-only BDo-not-hospitalizeCDo-not-resuscitate DSlow-code-only（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.If you are involved in the terminal weaning of a patient, you will want to do all of the f
27、ollowing exceptAParticipate in the decision-making process by offering the family information about the advantages and disadvantages of continued ventilatory supportBExplain to the family what will happen at each phase of the weaning and offer supportCCheck the orders for sedation and analgesia and
28、make sure that the anticipated death is comfortable and dignifiedDTell the family that death will occur almost immediately after the patient is removed from the ventilator（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Which of the nursing actions described below would you correct if you saw a nursing assistant doing this?ATal
29、king to a comatose patientBSitting on the bed of a dying patient holding her hand and cryingCAgreeing with the daughter of a dying resident with Alzheimers disease that the burdens associated with artificially feeding her father may outweigh the benefitsDTelling a dying patient to sit back and relax
30、 and that she will wash him because its easier that way（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Which of the following nursing actions violates the standards of caring for the body after a patient has been pronounced dead?AKeeping the patient in a comfortable sitting position until the family has arrived and said their
31、goodbyesBPlacing identification tags on both the shroud and the ankleCRemoving soiled dressings and tubesDPreparing to transfer the body to the morgue（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.The family of a patient who has just died requests to be alone with the body and asks for supplies to wash the body. You know that
32、 the mortician usually washes the body. Your best response isAInform the family that there is no need for them to wash the body since the mortician does thisBExplain that hospital policy forbids their being alone with the deceased patient and that hospital supplies are only to be used by hospital pe
33、rsonnelCGive the supplies but watch the family so that nothing unusual happensDProvide the requested supplies and ask if this request is linked to their religious or cultural customs and if there is anything else you can do to be of assistance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.A 70-year-old woman who has had a num
34、ber of strokes refuses further life-sustaining interventions, including artificial nutrition and hydration. She is competent, understands the consequences of her actions, is not depressed, and persists in refusing treatment. Her doctor is adamant that she cannot be allowed to die this way and her da
35、ughter agrees. An ethics consult has been placed. Who is the appropriate decision maker?APatient BDaughter CDoctor DEthics consult team（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.Prior to the death of her husband, Mrs. Sardi complained of frequent headaches and loss of appetite. No medical cause was found. Mrs. Sardi proba
36、bly was experiencing which type of grief?AAbbreviated grief BAnticipatory griefCUnresolved grief DInhibited grief（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.A mother whose daughter is killed in a school bus accident tells the nurse that her daughter was just getting over the chickenpox and did not want to go to school, but
37、 she insisted that she go. The mother cries bitterly and says her childs death is her fault. The nurse should realize that perceiving a death as preventable would most often influence the grieving process in that:AThe loss may be easier to understand and to acceptBBereavement may be of greater inten
38、sity and durationCThe grieving process may progress to a psychiatric illnessDIt causes the mourner to experience a pathologic grief reaction（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The husband of a patient who has died is unable to express his feelings of loss and at times denies them. His bereavement has extended over
39、a lengthy period. Which of the following types of grief would the husband be experiencing?AAnticipatory grief BInhibited grief CNormal grief DUnresolved grief（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.The nurse recognizes that at this time to assist a couple to deal with their feelings about the husbands terminal illness,
40、 it would be important to:AAssist the couple to express their feelings about his terminal illness to each otherBRefer the husband to the psychotherapist for assistance in dealing with his anger about deathCPlace the couple in a couples therapy group that deals with the terminal illness of one partne
41、rDEncourage the couple to verbalize their feelings to a therapist during their individual therapy sessions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Client: “I had an accident. “Nurse: “Tell me about your accident. “This is an example of which therapeutic communication technique?AMaking observations BOffering selfCGeneral
42、 lead DReflection（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.“Earlier today you said you were concerned that your son was still upset with you. When I stopped by your room about an hour ago, you and your son seemed relaxed and smiling as you spoke to each other. How did things go between the two of you?“This is an example
43、of which therapeutic communication technique?AConsensual validation BEncouraging comparisonCAccepting DGeneral lead（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.“Why do you always complain about the night nurse? She is a nice woman and a fine nurse, and has five kids to support. Youre wrong when you say she is noisy and unca
44、ring. “This example reflects which nontherapeutic technique?ARequesting an explanation BDefendingCDisagreeing DAdvising（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.“How does Jerry make you upset?“ is a non-therapeutic communication technique because itAGives a literal response BIndicates an external source of the emotionCIn
45、terprets what the client is saying DIs just another stereotyped comment（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Client: “I was so upset about my sister ignoring my pain when I broke my leg. “Nurse: “When are you going to your next diabetes education program?“This is a nontherapeutic response because the nurse hasAUsed t
46、esting to evaluate the clients insight BChanged the topicCExhibited an egocentric focus DAdvised the client what to do（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.When the client says, “I met Joe at the dance last week,“ what is the best way for the nurse to ask the client to describe her relationship with Joe?A“Joe who?“B“
47、Tell me about Joe. “C“Tell me about you and Joe. “D“Joe, you mean that blond guy with the dark blue eyes?/（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.Many popular entertainments involve us in vivid portrayals of violence and/or sexuality. Freud might argue that the success of such movies is due to the mechanism ofATransfer
48、ence BLibido CEgo development DSublimation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.ProjectionAMakes threatening material unavailable for recallBInvolves casting our unacceptable traits onto other peopleCAllows us to excuse unacceptable behaviorDProduces behavior designed to reverse the effects of undesirable behavior（分数
49、：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.Tamara says that her sister is attracted to their new next door neighbor, yet it is typically Tamara who watches their neighbor whenever he leaves his house. Freud would suggest that Tamara is usingAProjection BSublimation CIntellectualization DReaction formation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.Mark is a boy who is afraid of a lot of things. One day, his mather calls the community mental health clinic and tells the nurse that M
