1、在职攻读硕士联考英语-36 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The potential of closed-circuit television and other electronic teaching tools is so great that it is inspiring to imagine “the school of tomorrow“. Televised lesson will be given in a central
2、building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lesson will be carried out into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the allimportant “follow-up“ period. The students will ask any troublesome
3、 questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher“s desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel (控制板) and magnetic tape players. The tape machines w
4、ill run prerecorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lesson will be specifically connected closely to the student“s levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson directed to his particular level
5、of ability. Should questions arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual “intercoms“ (对讲装置) without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.（分数：20.00）(1).The closed-circuit televis
6、ion will probably carry lessons to _.（分数：4.00）A.only a single classroom in the schoolB.all the schools with classroomsC.all the classrooms in the worldD.all the classrooms in a city or a country(2).After the televised lesson _.（分数：4.00）A.the students will go to their next classB.the classroom teache
7、r will ask questionsC.the students will take over for the follow-up periodD.the classroom teacher will take over to help the students(3).In the schools of tomorrow, the teacher“s desk will _.（分数：4.00）A.contain electronic equipmentB.actually be a television setC.no longer existD.look like an isolatio
8、n cabin(4).In the schools of tomorrow, students will _.（分数：4.00）A.all study different subjects at the same timeB.study at different levels within a subject at the same timeC.have no need to study very hard at allD.not have to read books and watch television programs(5).Electronic tools will enable t
9、he teacher to _.（分数：4.00）A.teach more than one class at the same timeB.retire as early as they feel like to doC.teach only a small number of pupilsD.have no class but rely on TV stations only三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of
10、the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England. “One man draws out the wire; another strengthens it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the he
11、ad requires two or three operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man
12、 will some times perform two or three of them. “ Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4800 pins per worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, none of them could have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps
13、 not even one. There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the di
14、fference between expanding economies and those that stand still (停滞不前). But division of labor adds nothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to _.（分数：4.00）A.take advantage of the division of l
15、aborB.introduce the division of labor into EnglandC.understand the effects of the division of laborD.explain the causes of the division of labor(2).Adam Smith saw that the division of labor _.（分数：4.00）A.enabled each worker to make pins more quickly and more cheaplyB.increased the possible output per
16、 workerC.increased the number of people employed in factoriesD.improved the quality of pins produced(3).Adam Smith mentioned the number 4 800 in order to _.（分数：4.00）A.show the advantages of the division of laborB.show the advantages of the old craft systemC.emphasize how powerful the individual work
17、er wasD.emphasize the importance of increased production(4).According to the writer, Adam Smith“s mistake was in believing that division of labor _.（分数：4.00）A.was an efficient way of organizing workB.was an important development in methods of productionC.certainly led to economic developmentD.increa
18、sed the production of existing goods(5).Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passage?（分数：4.00）A.Adam Smith, the English Economist.B.The Theory of Division of Labor.C.Division of Labor, an Efficient Way of Organizing Work.D.Adam Smith, the Last Discoverer of Division of
19、Labor.四、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention
20、. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it“s a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the USA guests tend to
21、feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a
22、date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently; promptness (准时) is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be
23、regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the US no one would think of keeping a business friend waiting for an hour; it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, thoug
24、h perhaps he will not complete the sentence.（分数：20.00）(1).“The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. “Here “attached“ means（分数：4.00）A.takenB.drawnC.givenD.shown(2).Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at midnight, this would mean _.（分数：4.00）A.the matter is less im
25、portantB.the matter is somewhat importantC.the matter requires immediate attentionD.it is a matter of critical importance(3).According to this passage, time plays an important role in _.（分数：4.00）A.everyday lifeB.private lifeC.communicationsD.transmission(4).The best title for this passage is _.（分数：4
26、.00）A.The Choices of TimeB.The Saving of TimeC.The Importance of an AnnouncementD.Time and Tide Wait for No Man(5).According to the passage, the author of the article may agree with which of the following statements?（分数：4.00）A.It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three or four days before
27、 a dinner party date in the US.B.It may be appropriate to send your invitation cards to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some cultures.C.It is best for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less.D.If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a s
28、hort apology.五、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Do you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room? In 2040 it will not matter. They will turn themselves offand on again when you return. You will choose the temperature for each room, the lighting and the humidity. A sensor will de
29、tect the presence of a human (and, with luck, ignore the dog! ) and turn the systems on, and when the humans leave it will turn them off again. The sensors will work through the central home computer, and they will do much more than just turn the fires and lights on and off for you. They will detect
30、 faulty electrical appliances, plugs or switches, isolate them so that they cannot harm anyone, and then warn you that they need repair. They will detect fire and if you are out of the house, the computer will call the fire brigade. It will also call the police should the sensors detect an intruder.
31、 This will not be too difficult because the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You will open them using your personal cardthe one you use for shoppingmaybe using a number known only to you. It will be impossible to lose the key, and a housebreaker will have to tamper (拨弄) with the lock o
32、r with a window. It is not very difficult to make such tampering send a signal to the computer. The computer will be more than a fireman policeman servant. It will be an entertainer, and most of your entertainment will come right into your home. It does now, of course, but by 2040 “entertainment“ wi
33、ll mean much more. For one thing, you will be able to take part actively, rather than just watching.（分数：20.00）(1).The author intends to tell us that _.（分数：4.00）A.in 2040 we will live without the lights and heatersB.in 2040 we will use much more lights and heatersC.in 2040 lights and heaters will be
34、on and off automaticallyD.in 2040 there will be no switches of lights and heaters(2).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：4.00）A.You can be taken for an intruder if you tamper with the lock or with a window.B.The sensor will detect fire and make an emergency call.C.Without a computer, t
35、he sensor can not do much.D.The sensor is multi-functional.(3).According to the author, in 2040, new technology _.（分数：4.00）A.will turn everything into sensorsB.will free us from the keys we use todayC.will make the locks out of dateD.will eliminate all crimes(4).Thanks to computers, in 2040 people _
36、.（分数：4.00）A.will have no entertainment outsideB.will replace TV with computersC.will be controlled by computersD.will have more fun at home(5).The best title for the passage might be _.（分数：4.00）A.Life at Home in the Year 2040B.Sensors and ComputersC.The Development of Science and TechnologyD.Lights
37、and Heaters in the Year 2040六、Passage Five(总题数：1，分数：20.00)How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that
38、they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their associ
39、ationsthe things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases. G
40、reat writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing
41、like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and dull.（分数：20.00）(1).The origin of language is _.（分数：4.00）A.a legend handed down from the pastB.a matte
42、r that is hidden secretlyC.a question difficult to answerD.a problem not yet solved(2).One of the reasons why men invented certain sounds to express thoughts and actions was that（分数：4.00）A.they could agree upon certain signsB.they could write them downC.they could communicate with each otherD.they c
43、ould combine them(3).What is true about the words?（分数：4.00）A.They are used to express feelings only.B.They can not be written down.C.They are simply sounds.D.They are mysterious.(4).In expressing their thoughts, great writers are able _.（分数：4.00）A.to confuse the readersB.to move men to tearsC.to mov
44、e our actionsD.to puzzle our feelings(5).Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?（分数：4.00）A.He is no more a master of words than an ordinary person.B.He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.C.He can move men to tears.D.His style is always charming.在职攻读硕士联考英语-
45、36 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The potential of closed-circuit television and other electronic teaching tools is so great that it is inspiring to imagine “the school of tomorrow“. Televised lesson will be given in a central building hav
46、ing perhaps four or five master studios. The lesson will be carried out into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the allimportant “follow-up“ period. The students will ask any troublesome questions,
47、and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher“s desk, the traditional bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel (控制板) and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run prer
48、ecorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lesson will be specifically connected closely to the student“s levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson directed to his particular level of ability.
49、Should questions arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual “intercoms“ (对讲装置) without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.（分数：20.00）(1).The closed-circuit television will probably carry lessons to _.（分数：4.00）A.only a single classroom in the schoolB.all the schools with classroomsC.all the classrooms in the worldD.all the classrooms in a city or a country 解析：本题问闭路电视将可能把课堂内
