1、在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士英语二卷一真题 2009年及答案解析(总分：60.07，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section I Use of E(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Can you “think” yourself younger? Anti-aging may be more than herbs, creams, or exercise. Recently, more and more people are 01 towards anti-aging psychology, a major claim of 02 is that anti-aging requires yo
2、u to learn life 03 attitudes, beliefs, and coping skills that 04 youthfulness and health. It is said only 30% of you aging is predetermined by your genetic code, and the 05 is you decisions and attitude. So can you “think” yourself younger? Many people 06 these sorts of attitude adjustments as oppos
3、ed to 07 you body with countless chemicals. Often, people say mind over matter, and to a degree 08 psychology works when you are looking 09 better performance on sports or other tests, but you cannot use your mind to 10 a physical injury, such as a broken bone, or in our 11 , get a wrinkle out of ou
4、r forehead. Your attitude can change your 12 personality, and smiling may make other people 13 you more, but I am not sure it is truly anti-aging. 14 , your attitudes and believes can change your outward appearance and 15 as a possible effective anti-aging agent 16 by changing your attitude you redu
5、ce stress, which is a large 17 in aging. So, indirectly you can “think” yourself younger if your thoughts lead to less stress, but you will never become younger 18 simply thinking about becoming younger. Thinking positively and anti-aging is not 19 , rather thinking positively is correlated with ant
6、i-aging 20 it reduces stress and helps you live a more active life. （分数：20.00）A.movingB.goingC.turningD.comingA.thatB.whichC.whatD.whoA.enhancedB.enhanceC.enhancingD.enhancesA.includeB.constituteC.constructD.fosterA.restB.otherC.enjoyD.oppositeA.likeB.preferC.enjoyD.supportA.coveringB.checkingC.chan
7、gingD.fillingA.positiveB.reliableC.advancedD.modernA.forB.toC.atD.upA.dealB.healC.revealD.recoverA.caseB.senseC.mindD.timeA.majorB.bornC.outwardD.obviousA.to likeB.likeC.likingD.likedA.ThereforeB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.FurthermoreA.areB.findC.playD.actA.unlessB.butC.ifD.afterA.problemB.factorC.issueD.qu
8、estionA.whenB.forC.byD.withA.causeB.causedC.causingD.causationA.becauseB.whileC.whetherD.how二、Section Reading C(总题数：4，分数：40.00)The True Meaning of Self-Help According to self-help expert Tony Robbins, walking barefoot across 1,000-degree red-hot coals “is an experience in belief. It teaches people i
9、n the most intuitive sense that they can do things they never thought possible.“ Ive done three tire walks myself, without chanting “cool moss“ or thinking positive thoughts. I didnt get burned. Why? Because charcoal is a poor conductor of heat ,particularly through the dead calloused skin on the bo
10、ttom of your feet and especially if you walk across the bed of coals as quickly as fire walkers are likely to do. Physics explains the “how“ of fire walking. To understand the “why“, we must turn to psychology. In 1980 I attended a bicycle industry trade convention whose keynote speaker was Mark Vic
11、tor Hansen, well known coauthor of the wildly popular Chicken Soup for the Soul book series. I was surprised that Hansen didnt require a speakers fee until I saw what happened after his talk: people were lined up out the door to purchase his motivational tapes. I listened to those tapes over and ove
12、r during training rides in preparation for bicycle races. （分数：10.02）(1).What does Tony Robbins say about fire walks? （分数：1.67）A.Fire walkers are actually cheaters.B.Fire walkers should have experience.C.Fire walking is a special experience.D.Fire walking requires much self-confidence.(2).“ turning b
13、uyers into repeat customers” implies （分数：1.67）A.SHAM may lead to a dramatic shopping inspiration.B.SHAM believers buy more books of similar content.C.usually SHAM will only last for several weeks.D.tapes of Steve Salernos talks are sold at different time.(3). The advantage that SHAM takes is possibl
14、y the （分数：1.67）A.public indulgence.B.economic benefit.C.scientific advances.D.believers vulnerability.(4).What is the authors attitude towards SHAM? （分数：1.67）A.Admiring.B.Indifferent.C.Critical.D.Understanding.(5).The purpose of mentioning the prices (for prices that range from $500 to $5,995 ) is t
15、o （分数：1.67）A.satirize the high cost and a not-much-useful activity.B.recommend some of the worthwhile soul trainings.C.show the quality discrepancy among such activities.D.tell readers the actual cost of such activities.(6).Which of the following statements would the author agree with? （分数：1.67）A.SH
16、AM works as effectively as physical healing.B.SHAM will work together with certain medicine.C.SHAM may work for only a small number of people.D.SHAM techniques are better than other techniques.Preparation for the Master of Ceremony The Master of Ceremony (MC) performs a variety of duties during a pr
17、ogram. As the MC you are responsible for getting things started, keeping the program moving, and closing the meeting. All that occurs between the opening and closing is your responsibility. 27 As in preparing for any speaking situation, it may work to your advantage to outline the program and then t
18、he “body“ of the presentation before you prepare your introduction and conclusion. In some instances, however, your welcome may be an established custom, and its preparation may well be your first and easiest task. 28 In preparing the welcome, remember to start on time. Then, greet your guests and f
19、ellow members. Briefly make your remarks welcoming all present. Never let your welcome be presented impromptu. Plan the wording carefully as your beginning is likely to set the mood for the entire program. If you are serious or humorous, the atmosphere will have thus been set for the occasion. 29 On
20、 the other hand, you dont want people waiting for a speaker long after they have completed their dessert. It is best to prepare a time schedule for your entire program, check it with your caterer and speakers, and then stick to it as closely as you can. 30 As you arrange the program, have a reason f
21、or putting one event or speaker first, another second, and so on. This will help you provide continuity and will help the audience to see connections between speakers. In some instances, you may need to provide jmpromptu remarks to tie one speakers presentation to the next speaker. 31 Finally, as yo
22、u prepare for the closing review the suggestions in chapter 33 for the fare well speech. While the two are not exactly the same, there are similarities. Even the best program needs some sense of finality. Dont simply dismiss your audience; you need to take a few seconds and thank the audience and ti
23、e the program to then one final time. Plan a way of tying the program to something in the future, and point out the benefits of having attended the meeting. 32 As you can see, the preparation for being an MC is very extensive and needs to be planned carefully. Nothing should be left to chance. On th
24、e other hand, you should also prepare to speak, change, and adapt to the circumstances of the situation at hand. Adapt to the specific remarks of the speakers. A On some occasions, you may also need to prepare yourself for either presenting or receiving awards or gifts. As in the other speeches by t
25、he MC, these speeches are generally brief. All you need to do is to highlight the honoree and stimulate the audience to appreciate the person being honored. B Next, prepare your introductions and transitional remarks so they tie your program together and provide continuity. When you speak, make your
26、 comments brief and related to the speeches or events that have just occurred or are about to take place . C It is essential that you keep a constant reminder that your purpose as MC is to: get things started, keep the program moving, and close the meeting. Resist any temptation during your preparat
27、ion to think the audience has come to hear you. Whatever the occasion, you are not the featured speaker, so you will not want to “spotlight“ you speeches. D As you introduce speakers, remember, it is your responsibility in introducing speakers to arouse interest in the speaker and the speakers topic
28、. Again, try to avoid lengthy or too brief introductions. Otherwise, you may find yourself in a predicament by having used too much of the speakers time or not have properly prepared the audience for the speaker. E As a follow-up, stop and shake hands and thank all of your guest speakers again. Let
29、them know that you are pleased with their performance and appreciate their help in making your job easy and enjoyable. Wait until all guests have departed before leaving. It is generally rude and impolite for the MC to leave the banquet or dinner before the special guests. F Sometimes the MC has oth
30、er responsibilities within the organization. These duties must also be maintained. Handle these duties first, so the duties do not interfere with your responsibilities as MC. Once you have accounted for your official duties, you can begin to prepare for the responsibilities of being MC. G Once the p
31、rogram is under way, it is your responsibility to see that things keep moving. Try to avoid long gaps of time between events, but you dont want to rush things too quickly eitherIf it is a dinner or banquet, you dont want to have people eating their main course while the guest is speaking. （分数：10.02）
32、A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.You are going to read a passage about habits. From the list of headings A - G choose the best one to summarize each paragraph (33-38) of the passage. There is one extra heading that you do not need to use. Habits are bad only if you cant ha
33、ndle them 33 We are endlessly told were creatures of habit. Indeed, making this observation as if it were original is one of the most annoying habits of pop psychologists. The psychologist William James said long ago that life “is but a mass of habits our dressing and undressing, our eating and drin
34、king, our greetings and partings, our giving way for ladies to precede are things of a type so fixed by repetition as almost to be classed as reflex actions.“What pop psychology cant decide, though, is whether this state of affairs is good or bad. Are habits, properly controlled, the key to happines
35、s? Or should we be doing all we can to escape habitual existence? 34 This isnt a question of good versus bad habits: we can agree, presumably, that the habit of eating lots of vegetables is preferable to that of drinking a three-litre bottle of White Lightning each night. Rather, its a disagreement
36、about habituation itself. Since habit is so much more powerful than our conscious decision-making, what are needed are deliberately chosen routines. No matter how hard you resolve to spend more time with your spouse, itll never work as well as developing the habit of a weekly night out or of doing t
37、he hardest task first each morning. 35 Yet on the other hand, as we know all too well, habits lose their power precisely because theyre habitual. An expensive cappuccino, once in a while, is a life-enhancing pleasure; an expensive cappuccino every day soon becomes a boring routine. Even proven thera
38、peutic techniques, such as keeping a diary, work better when done occasionally, not routinely. 36 I dont have an answer to this dilemma. But there is one way to get the best of both worlds: develop habits and routines that are designed to disrupt your habits and routines, and keep things fresh. One
39、obvious example is the “weekly review“, which time-management experts are always recommending: a habit, yes, but one that involves stepping out of the daily habitual stream to gain perspective. Or take Bill Gatess famous annual: think week“, n which he holes up in the mountains with a stack of books
40、 and journals, to reflect on future paths of action. You dont need a week in the mountains, though: an hours walk in the park each week might prove as beneficial. 37 A smaller-scale kind of routinised disruption is a method known as burst working, involving tiny, timed sprints of 5 to 10 minutes, wi
41、th gaps in between. Each burst brings a microscopic but refreshing sense of newness, while each tiny deadline adds useful pressure, preventing a descent into torpor. Each break, meanwhile, is a moment to breathe - a miniature “think week“, to step back, assess your direction, and stop the day slidin
42、g into forgetfulness. 38 All these techniques use the power of habituation to defeat the downsides of habituation. Like jujitsu (柔道), youre turning the enemys strength against him; unlike jujitsu, we physically malcoordinated types can do it, too. A There is a way out from habituation. B It is possi
43、ble to change habits deliberately. C Breaking routines does not need a lot of time. D Things done too much lose their value. E Psychologists are not sure about the value of habits. F Habits are indication of laziness. G Disrupting habits and routines may lead to fresh ideas. （分数：10.02）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.
44、D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.A YES=the statement agrees with the information in the passage B NO=the statement contradicts the information in the passage C NOT GIVEN=there is no information on this in the passage Productive postponement Its a frustrating irony of the universe that the way
45、 to get something you really want is often not to want it so badly. Worry too hard about a task and the anxiety will prevent you performing your best; stop looking for love, goes the clich, and thats when youll find it. Try too hard to be happy and youll find yourself on a misery-inducing treadmill
46、(单调的工作) of self-improvement efforts, contradictory advice and motivational seminars conducted by exceptionally dubious men in hotel ballrooms. The solution is to “let go“ of worry, of seeking happiness. But implementing that advice is close to impossible: its a tall order just to stop feeling anxiou
47、s or to stop wanting something you want. Mercifully, some authors offer a far more palatable alternative: instead of getting embroiled in trying to let go of thoughts and emotions that get in your way. Postpone then instead. Understandably, putting things off has often been considered as undesirable
48、: see the bestseller Excuse Me, Your Life Is Waiting and similar warnings not to “pone your dreams“. But theres a flipside - a technique you might call productive postponement. The psychiatrist Robert Leahy, for example, recommends “worry postponement“: writing down your worries as they arise, and s
49、cheduling time to fret. It sounds strange, but theres research evidence for it, and logic: we worriers derive huge payoffs from worrying - we believe, on some level, that it makes things go better - and so the idea of giving it up can be terrifying. Just putting it off, safe in the knowledge that you can return to it later, is easier.(If youre worried youll forget to worry, consider an email reminder service, and if worrying youll forget to worry strikes you as absurd, well
