1、厦门大学考博英语-8 及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The “formal learning“ refers to all learning which takes place in the classroom, regardless of whether such learning is _ by conservative or progressive ideologies.（分数：0.50）A.securedB.attainedC.manifestD.informed2.The fire was
2、 finally brought under control, but not _ extensive damage had been caused.（分数：0.50）A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.as3.Some crops are relatively high yielders and could be planted in preference to others to _ the food supply.（分数：0.50）A.enhanceB.curbC.disruptD.heighten4.A _ examination for the post of depar
3、tment manager will be held next Tuesday.（分数：0.50）A.classifyingB.comparingC.contrastingD.competitive5.Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people each year_ than automobile accidents.（分数：0.50）A.seven more timesB.seven times moreC.over seven timesD.seven times6.Our students“ educatio
4、nal achievements equal, and in many cases _ those of students in previous years.（分数：0.50）A.surpassB.advanceC.increaseD.multiply7.There are _ differences between theory and practice.（分数：0.50）A.legibleB.ladenC.radicalD.medieval8.Although the government still enjoys a high level of public support, the
5、crime problem has stirred political _ and suspicions. A. substance B. antagonisms C. dimension D possession （分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.We were most flattered to find that we had a wonderfully audience for last night“s performance.（分数：0.50）A.responsibleB.reflectedC.reactiveD.responsive10.A man who could _ su
6、ch treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage and moral strength.（分数：0.50）A.bear up onB.stand up toC.insist onD.persist in11.By the time you get to New York, I _ for London.（分数：0.50）A.would be leavingB.am leavingC.have already leftD.shall have left12.Some people would like to do shopping on
7、Sundays since they expect to _ wonderful bargains in the market.（分数：0.50）A.pickupB.bump intoC.pileupD.bring back13.They waited in the _ for the front door to open.（分数：0.50）A.porchB.porchC.thresholdD.inlet14.Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _ in presenting the series of lectures on American l
8、iterature.（分数：0.50）A.alterB.alternateC.substituteD.exchange15.The conference _ a full week by the time it ends.（分数：0.50）A.must have lastedB.will have lastedC.would lastD.has lasted16.They must _for us; let“s hurry up.（分数：0.50）A.waitB.have been waitedC.waitedD.be waiting17.Only when one_ the powerful
9、 current of the times will one“s life shine brilliantly.（分数：0.50）A.dips intoB.comes intoC.drops intoD.plunges into18.He hoped the firm would _ him to the Paris branch.（分数：0.50）A.exchangeB.transmitC.transferD.remove19.Is it proper for the government to_public opinion through self-serving, one-sided j
10、oumalism?（分数：0.50）A.touchB.huntC.swayD.proceed20.If a cat comes too close to its nest, the mockingbird _a set of actions to protect its offspring.（分数：0.50）A.hastensB.releasesC.devisesD.initiates二、Part Translation(总题数：2，分数：30.00)21.I was deeply shocked by a Recent survey that suggested 30 per cent of
11、 job applicants embellished the truth or lied on a curriculum vitae. Can the figure really be that low? (1). I had always assumed CVs were filled with evasions, half-truths and downright untruths. But the news that merely 70 per cent of workers are honest has shaken my lack of faith in my fellow hum
12、ans. The only consolation is that people often fib in anonymous surveys, just as they do on resumes, which means the real proportion may be higher. One prediction rang true from the research by the Chartered Institute of Educational Assessors. (2). It was that the incentive for falsehood is growing,
13、 as unemplogment balloons and competition for iobs rises. In coming months recruiters will therefore be bombarded with CVs making extremely misleading claims. It was the same during the downturn of the early 1990s. Then, one acquaintance obtained a graduate traineeship at a large bank by bumping his
14、 third-class degree up to a 2:1. A journalist colleague meanwhile admitted to me that his degree from a top university was entirely fictional. (3). Another contemporary explained away a gear lost to bone idleness by telling prospective employers that he had been writing a field guide to the wild flo
15、wers of the Pyrenees (比利斯山脉). I might have lied on my own CV, if an east coast Scottish upbringing had not lumbered me with the subliminal conviction that I would burn for eternity in hell if I did. (4). A company whose services include background checks on job applicants, sags that inaccuracies on
16、CVs divide into three main groups. First, there are honest mistakes, typically made when candidates muddle dates. Second, there is deliberate fibbing about qualifications. Mr Thomas says:“A lie told 20 years ago to get a job can become part of the liar“s reality. So he tells it again when he switche
17、s jobs, even though he has become a successful finance director.“ Third, applicants close up suspicious gaps in their employment history. In one case investigated by Kroll, a candidate turned out to have spent a three-month gap in prison for fraud. About 65 per cent of businesses take up references
18、for shortlisted job applicants, according to research by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Fewer than half said they found out anything useful. (5). This is hardly surprising now that the fear of litigation prevents past employers from saying anything more revealing than: “Yes. D
19、erek worked for us. He has a beard and knows a bit about databases.“ Less than 40 per cent of businesses bother to check academic and professional qualifications. （分数：15.00）_.(1). When we talk about the danger of romantic love, we don“t mean danger in the obvious heartbreak way - the cheap betrayals
20、, the broken promises - we mean the dark danger that lurks when sensible, educated women fall for the dogmatic idea that romantic love is the ultimate goal for the modem female. Every day, thousands of films, books, articles and TV programs hammer home this message -that without romance, life is som
21、ehow barren. However, there are women who entertain the subversive notion, like an intellectual mouse scratching behind the skirting board, that perhaps this higher love is not necessarily the celestial highway to absolute happiness. (2). Their empirical side kicks in and they observe that couples w
22、ho marry_ in a haze of adoration and sex are, ten years later throwing china and fighting bitterly over who gets the dog. (3). But the women who notice these contradictions are often afraid to speak them in case they should be labelled cynics. Surely only the most jaded and damaged would challenge t
23、he orthodoxy of romantic love. The received wisdom that there is not something wrong with the modem idea of sexual love as ultimate panacea, but that if you don“t get it, there is something wrong with you. You freak, go back and read the label. (4). We say: the privileging of romantic love over all
24、others, the insistence that it is the one essential incontrovertible element of human happiness, traced all the way back to the caves, is a trap and a snare. The idea that every human heart, since the invention of the wheel, was yearning for its other half is a myth. (5). Love is a human constant; i
25、t is the interpretation of it that changes. The way that love has been expressed, its significance in daily life have never been immutable or constant. The different kind of love and what they signify are not fixed, whatever the traditionalists may like to tell you. So the modem idea that romantic l
26、ove is a woman“s highest calling, that she is somehow only half a person without it that if she questions it she is going against all human history, does not stand up to scrutiny. It is not an imperative carved in stone; it is a human idea, and human beings are frail and suggestible and sometimes ge
27、t the wrong end of the stick.（分数：15.00）_三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：3，分数：30.00)In 1998 consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were available from World Wide Web sites that seemed to spring up almost dally. A few years
28、earlier, some people had predicted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their home computer was proved to be a convenient alternative to driv
29、ing to the store. A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $ 7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier owing to the rise of online auctions and Web sites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal. For
30、 all the consumer interest, retailing in cyberspace was still a largely unprofitable business, however. Internet pioneer Amazon. com, which began selling books in 1995 and liter branched into recorded music and videos, posted revenue of $ 153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $ 37.9 million in
31、 the same period of 1997. Overall, however, the company“s loss widened to $ 45.2 million from $ 9.6 million, and analysis did not expect the company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, Amazon. com had a stock market value of many billions, reflecting investors“ optimism about the fu
32、ture of the industry Internet retailing appealed to investors because it provided an efficient means for reaching millions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies com
33、peting for consumers“ attention, price competition was intense and profit margins thin or nonexistent. one video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for $ 9. 99, undercutting (削价) the $ 19.99 suggested retail price and losing about $ 6 on each copy sold. With Internet retailing still in its initial
34、stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losses in an attempt to establish a dominant market position.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is TRUE according to the writer?（分数：2.00）A.Consumers are reluctant to buy things on the Internet.B.Consumers are too busy to buy things on the Internet.C.I
35、nternet retailing is a profitable business.D.More and more consumers prefer Internet shopping.(2).Finding a bargain on the Internet was getting easier partly because _ .（分数：2.00）A.there were more and more Internet usersB.there were more and more online auctionsC.the consumers had more money to spend
36、D.there were more goods available on the Internet(3).“For all the consumer interest“ (Paragraph 3) means _ .（分数：2.00）A.to the interest of all the consumersB.for the interest of all the consumersC.though the consumers are very much interestedD.all the consumers are much interested(4).It can be inferr
37、ed from the passage that Amazon. com _ .（分数：2.00）A.will probably make a profit in 2001B.is making a profit nowC.is a company that sells books onlyD.suffers a great loss on the stock market(5).Investors are interested in Internet retailing because _ .（分数：2.00）A.selling online involves little riskB.In
38、ternet retailing is in its initial stageC.it can easily reach millions of consumersD.they can make huge profits from itPoseidon sat at his desk, doing figures. The administration of all the waters gave him endless work. He could have had assistants, as many-and he did have very many-but since he too
39、k his job very seriously, he would in the end go over all the figures and calculations himself, and thus his assistants were of little help to him. It cannot be said that he enjoyed his work: he did it only because it had been assigned to him; in fact, he had already filed many petitions foras he pu
40、t it-more cheerful work, but every time the offer of something different was made to him it would turn out that nothing suited him quite as well as his present position. And anyhow it was quite difficult to find something different for him. After all, it was impossible to assign him to a particular
41、sea; aside from the fact that even then the work with figures would not become less but only pettier, the great Poseidon could in any case occupy only an executive position. And when a job away from the water was offered to him he would get sick at the very prospect, his divine breathing would becom
42、e troubled and his brazen chest began to tremble. Besides, his complaints were not really taken seriously; when one of the mighty is vexatious the appearance of an effort must be made to placate him, even when the case is most hopeless. In actuality a shift of posts was unthinkable for Poseidon-he h
43、ad been appointed God of the Sea in the beginning, and that he had to remain. What irritated him most- and it was this that was chiefly responsible for his dissatisfaction with his job-was to hear of the conceptions formed about him: how he was always riding about through the tides with his trident.
44、 When all the while he sat here in the depths of the world-ocean, doing figures uninterruptedly, with now and then a trip to Jupiter as the only break in the monotony-a trip, moreover, from which he usually returned in a rage. Thus he had hardly seen the sea-had seen it but quickly in the course of
45、hurried trips to Olympus, and he had never actually traveled around it. He was in the habit of saying that what he was waiting for was the fall of the world; then, probably, a quiet moment would be granted in which, just before the end and having checked the last row of figures, he would be able to
46、make a quick little tour. Poseidon became bored with the sea. He let fall his trident. Silently he sat on the rocky coast and a gull, dazed by his presence, described wavering circles around his head.（分数：10.00）(1).The underlined sentence (“It.him“) in the first paragraph suggest that Poseidon regard
47、ed his work with_（分数：2.00）A.resignationB.enthusiasmC.hostilityD.intimidation(2).It can be inferred from the author“s description of Poseidon“s routine (“how. in a rage“) that_（分数：2.00）A.Poseidon prefers performing his duties to visiting JupiterB.Poseidon is too busy to familiarize himself with his kingdomC.Poseidon requires silence for the performance of his dutiesD.Poseidon“s dissatisfaction with his job detracts from his efficiency(3).According to the passage, Poseidon“s dissatisfaction with his job primarily st
