1、厦门大学翻译硕士英语真题 2010 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)AAlthough cosmetic surgery (and non-surgically cosmetic (1)_procedures, such as Botox injections) sometimes produce negativeoutcomesmedia often highlights surgery “disasters“ (2)_in the most part, the health risk for cosme
2、tic procedures (3)_is low and patient satisfaction is high. Often, people who have beenhobbled by poor body image all of their life, walk away from (4)_cosmetic surgery in confidence and the motivation to lead (5)_healthier lives. In addition, reconstructive surgery for burning (6)_and accident vict
3、ims or to those disfigured from disease restore (7)_self-esteem and well-being in the way that other therapy cannot. (8)_In my professional opinion, it is a time for members of the (9)_medical community to examine the benefits and results ofcosmetic surgery with prejudice and jealousy. (10)_（分数：10.0
4、0）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_B1.Because noises modulate radiofrequency, radio stations use a band of frequencies to prevent interference with other stations.（分数：0.50）A.governB.adaptC.temperD.renovate2.A fossil is a remnant of a once-living organism.（分数：0.50
5、）A.boneB.solventC.pictureD.vestige3.When squashed the stem and leaves of the jewelweed exude a juice that will soothe some skin irritations.（分数：0.50）A.boiledB.agedC.crushedD.chopped4.The legislative filibuster is a parliamentary tactic designed to delay or prevent action by the majority.（分数：0.50）A.t
6、raditionB.ruleC.observanceD.maneuver5.Ocean waves can cut imposing cliffs along coastlines.（分数：0.50）A.immobileB.impermeableC.impressiveD.imaginative6.Mergers may be effected to revive or rejuvenate failing businesses by the infusion of new management and personnel.（分数：0.50）A.inspectionB.introduction
7、C.evaluationD.concentration7.A fable is a didactic tale focused on a single character trail.（分数：0.50）A.an authenticB.a muddiedC.an instructiveD.an old-fashioned8.The compact dictionaries published in recent years are not as unwieldy as some of the older editions.（分数：0.50）A.completeB.tiresomeC.reliab
8、leD.cumbersome9.Author Katherine Sherwood McDowell had a knack for converting almost every experience into marketable prose.（分数：0.50）A.an aptitude forB.an obsession withC.an alternative toD.a purpose for10.South Carolinas mineral resources are abundant, but not all of them can be lucratively mined.（
9、分数：0.50）A.profitablyB.safelyC.easilyD.extensively11.Ravaged by pollution and war, many famous monuments have become eroded and stained.（分数：0.50）A.discoloredB.dismemberedC.displacedD.distinctive12.Orioles are arboreal birds, and when they descend to the ground, it is mainly to gather nest materials.（
10、分数：0.50）A.territorialB.tree-dwellingC.consummateD.grumpy13.Louisa May Alcotts novel Little Women, which recounts the experiences of the four March sisters during the American Civil war, is largely autobiographical.（分数：0.50）A.praisesB.narratesC.exaggeratesD.classifies14.Fertilizer applied to soil can
11、 replace depleted nutrients.（分数：0.50）A.organicB.acidicC.exhaustedD.desirable15.Galena, the chief ore of lead, is a brittle mineral with a metallic luster.（分数：0.50）A.hazelB.denseC.breakableD.sparking16.In Hawaii, endemic birds, such as the omao and the apapane, dwell in the volcanic highlands and tro
12、pical rain forests.（分数：0.50）A.alluringB.aquaticC.gracefulD.native17.Biologists have ascertained that specialized cells convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.（分数：0.50）A.determinedB.arguedC.hypothesizedD.griped18.Pocahonta, a seventeenth century Powhatan Indian, went to the Jamestown colony a
13、s her fathers emissary.（分数：0.50）A.wardB.attendantC.messengerD.translator19.Neon light is utilized in airport beacons because it can permeate fog.（分数：0.50）A.pass throughB.transmitC.suspendD.break up20.Alexander Woollcotts flamboyant personality combined sharpness of wit with sentimentality.（分数：0.50）A
14、.deviousB.humorousC.singularD.showyC21.The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the _ in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wider range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.（分数：0.50）A.relationshipB.sequenceC.patternsD.environment22.Since most, if not al
15、l, learning occurs through _, relating one observation to another, it would be strange indeed if the study of other cultures did not also illuminate the study of our own.（分数：0.50）A.assumptionsB.experimentsC.comparisonsD.repetitions23.He had expected gratitude for his disclosure, but instead he encou
16、ntered _ bordering on hostility.（分数：0.50）A.patienceB.discretionC.ineptitudeD.indifference24.Although Simpson was ingenious at _ to appear innovative and spontaneous, beneath the ruse he remained uninspired and rigid in his approach to problem-solving.（分数：0.50）A.intendingB.contrivingC.forbearingD.dec
17、lining25.Because modern scientists find the ancient Greek view of the cosmos outdated and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of _ interest.（分数：0.50）A.historicalB.intrinsicC.experimentalD.superfluous26.In spite of the increasing _ of their opinions, the group knew they had to arrive at a consen
18、sus so that the award could be presented.（分数：0.50）A.impartialityB.judiciousnessC.polarityD.consistency27.Ironically, the proper use of figurative language must be based on the denotative meaning of the words, because it is the failure to recognize this _ meaning that leads to mixed metaphors and the
19、ir attendant incongruity.（分数：0.50）A.esotericB.literalC.allusiveD.symbolic28.Although any destruction of vitamins caused by food irradiation could be _ the use of diet supplements, there may be no protection from carcinogens that some fear might be introduced into foods by the process.（分数：0.50）A.coun
20、terbalanced byB.attributed toC.augmented withD.stimulated by29.Data concerning the effects on a small population of high concentrations of a potentially hazardous chemical are frequently used to _ the effects on a large population of lower amounts of the same chemical.（分数：0.50）A.verifyB.redressC.pre
21、dictD.realize30.Early critics of Emily Dickinsons poetry mistook for simplemindedness the surface of artlessness that in fact she constructed with such _.（分数：0.50）A.astonishmentB.vexationC.allusionD.cunning31.After a slow sales start early in the year, mobile homes have been gaining favor as _ to in
22、creasingly expensive conventional housing.（分数：0.50）A.a reactionB.an additionC.an introductionD.an alternative32.Although adolescent maturational and developmental states occur in an orderly sequence, their timing _ with regard to onset and duration.（分数：0.50）A.lastsB.variesC.faltersD.accelerates33.Ps
23、ychology has slowly evolved into an _ scientific discipline that now functions autonomously with the same privileges and responsibilities as other sciences.（分数：0.50）A.independentB.unusualC.outmodedD.uncontrolled34.Noting the murder victims flaccid musculature and pear-like figure, she deduced that t
24、he unfortunate fellow had earned his living in some _ occupation.（分数：0.50）A.treacherousB.ill-payingC.illegitimateD.sedentary35.The discovery that, friction excluded, all bodies fall at the same rate is so simple to state and to grasp that there is a tendency to _ its significance.（分数：0.50）A.underrat
25、eB.reassessC.praiseD.eliminate36.The painting was larger than it appeared to be, for hanging in a darkened recess of the chapel, it was _ by the perspective.（分数：0.50）A.improvedB.diminishedC.embellishedD.jeopardized37.Because folk art is neither completely rejected nor accepted as an art form by art
26、historians, their final evaluations of it necessarily remain _.（分数：0.50）A.arbitraryB.estimableC.equivocalD.orthodox38.Although economists have traditionally considered the district to be solely an agricultural one, the _ of the inhabitants occupations makes such a classification obsolete.（分数：0.50）A.
27、productivityB.diversityC.predictabilityD.profitability39.Although specific concerns may determine the intent of a research project, its results are often _.（分数：0.50）A.unanticipatedB.beneficialC.spectacularD.specialized40.The notion that a parasite can alter the behavior of a host organism is not mer
28、e fiction; indeed, the phenomenon is not even _.（分数：0.50）A.observableB.realC.comprehendedD.rare五、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Passage ANotation gave western music a means of written record, but at first only for a kind of music, chant, that was believed to have originated half a millennium and
29、more in the pastto be effectively, ageless. Early medieval chants sprang from the whole time of eternal sameness, which they so readily convey, and similarly there was no measure of the time within themthe rhythm. Then measure came. And with it came the first identifiable composers and precisely dat
30、able works.Where chant was of a piece with other musical traditions in being self-sufficient melody, working within a modal system, belonging to no creator (but to God) and designed for worship, the new music of the twentieth century opened a distinctively western path. The measuring of time was the
31、 beginning not only of rhythmic notationknown, far beyond Europe, to the Indian theorist Sarngadeva in the first half of the thirteenth centurybut also of music involving coordination among singers carrying different melodies, of polyphony. This, too, was by no means confined to the wedge of land be
32、tween the Mediterranean and the Atlantic : the gamelan music of Bali, a tradition independent of Europe, is comparable with early western polyphony in its snperposition of different time streams, fast and slow, while the music of many sub-Saharan African peoples often piles up dissimilar rhythmic la
33、yers in ways foreign to Europe outside certain special repertories (fourteenth-century song and some music since 1950). But, from the twelfth century to the fifteenth, polyphony in the west gradually moved away from the repetitive structures that were retained on Bali or in central Africa as Europea
34、ns discovered how harmony could result in continuous flow.The source, as of so much in western culture, was a misunderstanding of classical Greek knowledge, again acquired through Boethius. He had nothing to say about harmony in the sense of chords, but he conveyed a Geek satisfaction in the primacy
35、 of the octave and the fifth, which medieval musicians took as models of consonance (the euphonious combining notes). Just as essential were dissonant combinations, lacking euphony, for these would intensify the need for consonance. A dissonance placed immediately before a final consonance would pro
36、duce a firmly conclusive endinga cadence, such as became an essential of western musiC. Extending back from the cadence, the forces of harmony, marshaled through relationships between each chord and the next, could amplify the directional sense already present in the melodythe sense of movement towa
37、rds a resting point on the last note. Thus time measured became time decisively having a goal, and music could emulate the progress in every human soul towards eternity.Music mirrored, too, how time generally was being told. Guidos staff notation came roughly when water clocks were reintroduced from
38、 Byzantium and Islam, enabling monks to know when a service was due from the level reached by water slowly filling a vessel. Thus reading, whether of a chantbook or a water gauge, substituted for memory and intuition. Exact synchrony between music and time was lost a little when clockwork mechanisms
39、 appeared in the mid-thirteenth century, half a century later than the gear-driven music produced at Notre Dame in Paris. However, the perfection of hour-chiming with hour-chiming capabilities, in the astronomical clock made by Richard Wallingford for St. Albans Abbey (1327-36), strikingly coincided
40、 with the perfection of rhythmic notation that spread from Paris and gave music its own machinery of time lengths.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage?（分数：2.00）A.The Development of RhythmB.Time Measured.C.Notation and TimeD.Music and Civilization(2).It
41、can be inferred from the passage that before notation appeared _.（分数：2.00）A.music was always renewed and could last only as long as memoryB.music presented people with three times at once: the now in which they heard it, the then in which it was made, and the further then of when the piece was compo
42、sedC.polyphony had already been developed to such a degree that different melodies carried by different singers could form a coordinated harmonyD.music mostly was not improvised and was not dated with precision(3).The author would most likely consider Western musicand the music of non-Western cultur
43、es as _.（分数：2.00）A.respectively revolutionary and conservativeB.equal but distinctC.both homogeneous and heterogeneousD.illustrative of advancement and backwardness(4).The passage states that _.（分数：2.00）A.music and civilization complement each other and contradict each otherB.rhythmic notation appea
44、red because human beings could tell time in a new wayC.notation appeared when musical works were no longer anonymous and non-datableD.the appearance of rhythmic notation manifests a new stage of human beings quantitative method of thought(5).Summarize the passage in 4 or 5 sentences.（分数：2.00）_Passag
45、e BFrench toys: One could not find a better illustration of the fact that the adult Frenchman sees the child as another self. All the toys one commonly sees are essentially a microcosm of the adult world; they are all reduced copies of human objects, as if in the eyes of the public the child was, al
46、l told, nothing but a smaller man, a homunculus to whom must be supplied objects of his own size.Invented forms are very rare : a few sets of blocks, which appeal to the spirit of do-it-yourself, are the only ones which offer dynamic forms. As for the others, French toys always mean something, and t
47、his something is always entirely socialized, constituted by the myths or the techniques of modern adult life: the army, broadcasting, the post office, medicine (miniature instrument-cases, operating theaters for dolls), school, hair styling (driers for permanent-waving), the air force (parachutists)
48、, transport (trains, Citroens, Vedettes, Vespas, petrol stations), science (Martian toys).The fact that French toys literally prefigure the world of adult functions obviously cannot but prepare the child to accept them all, by constituting for him, even before he can think about it, the alibi of a Nature which has at all times created soldiers, postmen, and Vespas. Toys here reveal the list of all the things the ad
