1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 49 及答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：8，分数：60.00)1.Section A_A.443122.B.9712765.C.96753229.D.312244A.Pediatrics.B.Neurology and Psychiatry.C.Ophthalmology.D.Dermatology.A.She should move the desk back.B.She should go to the doctor.C.She should have had someone help him.D
2、.She should have known the desk was heavy.A.Ask the professor if the course will be given again.B.Postpone talking the course.C.Request permission to take the courses together.D.Take the course from a different professor.A.She is going to miss her first class.B.She prefers going to the dentist later
3、 in the day.C.The man will be finished before his first class.D.The man might sleep late and miss his appointment.A.She decided not to cancel her appointment.B.Her new glasses arent comfortable.C.Shes too busy to get a checkup.D.She has to check when the appointment is.A.Discuss a magazine article w
4、ith the woman.B.Help the woman find a new doctor.C.Go to the store for some medicine.D.Buy the woman some magazines.A.The doctor can see the man this week.B.Appointments must be made two weeks in advance.C.The man should call back on Friday.D.The doctor canceled his appointments on Friday.A.The jobs
5、 short hours make it impossible for her to refuse.B.Shes looking forward to meeting her new colleagues.C.She refused the position because of the low salary.D.The job is turning into an excellent opportunity for her.A.The man should see an optometrist.B.Shed like to postpone working on the proposal.C
6、.She wants to know why the proposal was late.D.It wont take long to write the proposal.A.He sometimes considers changing majors.B.Most people frequently change their minds.C.He rearranged his artwork a while ago.D.Everyones inside for a short time.A.Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.B.Tuesday and Saturd
7、ay.C.Tuesday and Thursday.D.Saturday and Sunday.A.The test was harder than he had anticipated.B.He never does well in biology.C.He was lucky to pass the test.D.Professor Morrison is known for giving hard tests.A.Tea is better than coffee.B.The man should switch to tea.C.There are two reasons not to
8、drink coffee.D.The man shouldnt drink either.A.She was asked to take another examination.B.She failed the examination last week.C.She did quite well in the examination.D.She didnt take the examination last week.2.Section B_A.He wanted to have a cavity filled.B.He needed to have a tooth pulled.C.He c
9、ame in for a dental check-up and leaning.D.He came to see a friend.A.The man has discolored teeth.B.The man has a chipped front tooth.C.The man has a chipped back tooth.D.The man has a decayed back tooth.A.Doing a root canal.B.Putting a filling in.C.Pulling the tooth.D.Putting a crown on the tooth.A
10、.High-strength silver alloy.B.Porcelain.C.Steel.D.Iron.A.She forgot to use anything.B.She used something to ease the pain.C.She asked the man to grin.D.She used high-strength filling.A.Why certain people are aging sooner than others.B.How to make people live longer.C.The size of certain peoples brai
11、ns.D.Which people are most intelligent.A.A survey of farmers in northern Japan.B.Tests performed on a thousand old people.C.The study of brain volumes of different people.D.The latest development of computer technology.A.Our brains shrink as we grow older.B.Sixty-year-olds have better brains than th
12、irty-year-olds.C.The front section of the brain does not shrink.D.Some peoples brains have contracted more than other peoples.A.Thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking.B.Blood circulation can prevent the brain from shrinking.C.Conversation can prevent the brain from shrinking.D.The fresh oxyge
13、n can prevent the brain from shrinking.A.Lawyers.B.Clerks.C.Farmers.D.Shop assistants.A.To stay in a very warm room with a lot of people.B.To expose oneself to severe weather.C.To play outdoors long when it is snowing.D.To wait for a bus on a cold and windy day.A.Youll catch a cold sooner or later.B
14、.Youve already come down with a cold.C.There are viruses hidden in your body.D.The room is not warm enough for your health.A.It is generally believed that colds are caused by exposure to cold weather.B.Most colds are “caught“ by hand contact.C.Cold virus will keep alive for several hours once it lea
15、ves human body.D.Cold virus can spread around only through the air.A.Wash our hands frequently.B.Never rub our nose or eyes.C.Throw away tissues immediately after use.D.Shake hands with our friends instead of kissing them.A.A cold-sufferer is staying with him in the same room.B.The viruses have been
16、 exposed to the air for over 3 hours.C.He dropped in a warm room.D.He shakes hands with a cold-sufferer.二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：22，分数：40.00)3.Section A_4.An enormous number of people in the worlds poorest countries do not have clean water or adequate sanitation_.（分数：2.00）A.capacitiesB.facilitiesC.auth
17、oritiesD.warranties5.Family-planning clinics give out_advice to people who have decided to limit the size of their families.（分数：2.00）A.insensitiveB.interrogativeC.contraceptiveD.communicative6.Caffeine is the_drug that will just about get you out of the door on time to catch the bus.（分数：2.00）A.mirac
18、leB.mythC.trickD.legend7.Today investigators are still far from_a master map of the vasculature of the heart.（分数：2.00）A.constitutingB.decodingC.draftingD.encoding8.I have never seen a more caring, _group of people in my life.（分数：2.00）A.emotionalB.impersonalC.compulsoryD.compassionate9.By the time I
19、reached my residency, I_treating the patient as a whole human being.（分数：2.00）A.yearned forB.broke intoC.passed forD.made for10.We now obtain more than two-thirds of our protein from animal sources, while our grandparents _only one-half from animal sources.（分数：2.00）A.originatedB.digestedC.deprivedD.d
20、erived11.Obesity carries an increased risk of_.（分数：2.00）A.mortalityB.mobilityC.longevityD.maternity12.The best exercise should require continuous_, rather than frequent stops and starts.（分数：2.00）A.compassionB.accelerationC.frustrationD.exertion13.Environmental officials insist that something be done
21、 to_acid rain.（分数：2.00）A.curbB.sueC.detoxifyD.condemn14.Section B_15.The recent deterioration in the economy is of great concern to the government.（分数：2.00）A.depressionB.deficiencyC.degenerationD.deformity16.A substantial hike in the top rate of income tax would not solve this problem but merely agg
22、ravate the nations already waning support.（分数：2.00）A.depreciatingB.warningC.decliningD.startling17.He was not conspicuously hairy nor shiny-bald, but his hair was graying and receding tactfully in keeping with his age.（分数：2.00）A.prominentlyB.warilyC.consciouslyD.conventionally18.The water company is
23、 obliged to maintain a supply of wholesome water.（分数：2.00）A.availableB.hydraulicC.balancedD.hygienic19.Smoking makes one six times more likely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly assaults the tissues that line the mouth and throat.（分数：2.00）A.detectsB.contaminatesC.occupiesD.attack
24、s20.Most organisms must fit in with their surroundings because their skills to alter their environment are restricted and highly specialized.（分数：2.00）A.attach themselves toB.succumb toC.lean onD.adapt themselves to21.Instead of being recycled, garbage is left to accumulate in insanitary heaps which
25、attract flies and spread infectious diseases.（分数：2.00）A.innocuousB.gatheringC.filthyD.inflammable22.The prevalence of highly intelligent devices has eliminated the handicaps associated with most disabilities.（分数：2.00）A.disadvantagesB.dispositionsC.disappointmentsD.discomforts23.In general, lasers op
26、erate by creating an intense amount of light and energy which is then converted into heat and used to control bleeding or destroy diseased tissue.（分数：2.00）A.developedB.reducedC.transformedD.decoded24.Shyness, the most common form of social anxiety, occurs when a persons apprehensions are so great th
27、at they inhibit his making an expected or desired social response.（分数：2.00）A.dischargeB.triggerC.restrainD.defer三、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, after heart disease. In the past, it was often considered a death sentence. But many patients
28、now live longer【C1】_of improvements in discovery and treatment. Researchers say death【C2】_in the United States from all cancers combined have fallen for thirty years. Survival rates have increased for most of the top fifteen cancers in both men and women, and for cancers in【C3】_. The National Cancer
29、 Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention studied the number of cancer survivors. A cancer survivor is defined【C4】_anyone who has been found to have cancer. This would include current patients. The study covered the period from 1971 to 2001. The researchers found there are three【
30、C5】_as many cancer survivors today as there were thirty years ago. In 1971, the United States had about three million cancer survivors. Today there are about ten million. The study also found that 64% of adults with cancer can expect to still be【C6】_in five years. Thirty years ago, the five-year sur
31、vival rate was 50%. The government wants to【C7】_the five-year survival rate to 70% by 2010. The risk of cancer increases with age. The report says the majority of survivors are 65 years and older. But it says medical improvements have also helped children with cancer live【C8】_longer. Researchers say
32、 80% of children with cancer will survive at least five years after the discovery. About 75% will survive at【C9】_ten years. In the 1970s, the five-year survival rate for children was about 50%. In the 1960s, most children did not survive cancer. Researchers say they expect more improvements in cance
33、r treatment in the future. In fact, they say traditional cancer-prevention programs are not enough anymore. They say public health programs should also aim to support the【C10】_numbers of cancer survivors and their families.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.owingB.becauseC.regardlessD.due(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）
34、A.opportunitiesB.resultsC.ordersD.rates(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.menB.womenC.childrenD.people(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.asB.byC.atD.for(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.numbersB.periodsC.timesD.rounds(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.strongB.aliveC.healthyD.happy(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.fixB.lowerC.studyD.increase(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.veryB.fairlyC.muc
35、hD.more(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.leastC.lessD.better(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.smallB.growingC.fixedD.mixed四、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)When people are struck by lightening, they fall to the ground as though they were struck by a severe blow to the head. After the shock they may remain unconsciou
36、s, become semiconscious or be conscious but confused and dazed, at least for a time. Flashes of light may continue passing before their eyes, and blindness and deafness may follow. The nervous system may be badly affected, causing paralysis, pain in the limbs and even hemorrhage. There will be burns
37、 where the lightening passed through the body, and like all electrical bunts, they are often deep and sever. All persons, especially campers and hunters, should know how to give first aid to someone who has been struck by lightening. Do not be afraid to touch the victim. You wont get a shock. The li
38、ghtening has already been grounded. Remember that speed is of the greatest importance in severe cases. The first thing to do is to loosen tight clothing about the throat and waist. Then clear the air passages of mucus (黏液) if present, and apply artificial respiration if necessary. Give mouth-mouth r
39、esuscitation if needed, or give oxygen if available. Many victims thought to be dead have been revived after treatment. Send someone for a doctor as soon as possible, but dont leave the victim alone. If a doctor is not available, take the person to a hospital as soon as the person can be safely move
40、d. Signs of shock are: pale, cold, sticky skin; weak, rapid pulse; shallow, irregular breathing or, in extreme cases, no breathing at all. To treat shock, you must keep the patient lying down with the head lower than the feet and cover him or her with a blanket but watch out for overheating. Giving
41、a stimulating hot tea or coffee will help, but only if the patient is thoroughly conscious. After breathing has been restored and shock is treated, treat the burns. Apply some salve and cover them with a clean cloth or a sterile dressing. If conscious, the patient will be badly frightened, so do all
42、 you can to reassure. A little knowledge and a helping hand may save someones life.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage mainly talks about_.（分数：2.00）A.which metals conduct electricity bestB.where to go in a thunderstormC.how to treat someone struck by lighteningD.how to make mouth-to-mouth resuscitation(2).Acc
43、ording to the passage, all the following are signs of shock except_.（分数：2.00）A.abnormal feverB.cold skinC.irregular breathingD.rapid pulse(3).It can be guessed from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.many campers and hunters are struck by lighteningB.cars are convenient for outdoor activitiesC.electric sh
44、ock does little harm to the human bodyD.only professional nurses and doctors are allowed to give first aid(4).The word “salve“ in Line 2 of the last paragraph most likely means_.（分数：2.00）A.spongeB.bandageC.ointmentD.liquid(5).Which of the following must not be done while treating shock?（分数：2.00）A.Gi
45、ving the patient a cup of hot tea.B.Making the patient lie with the feet lower than the head.C.Covering the burns with a sterile dressing.D.Applying artificial respiration.Even as Americans have been gaining weight, they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in
46、 the past 15 years. And indeed, cutting fat to control or lose weight makes sense. Fat has nine calories per gram. Protein and carbohydrates have just four. Moreover, the body uses fewer calories to metabolize fat than it does to metabolize other foods. Compared with protein and carbohydrateswhich b
47、reak down into amino acids and simple sugars, respectively, and can be used to strengthen and energize the body dietary fat is more easily converted to body fat. Therefore, its more likely to stay on buttocks, thighs and bellies. But cutting fat from your diet doesnt necessarily mean your body wont
48、store fat. For example, between nonfat and regular cookies, theres trivial difference in calories because manufacturers make up for the loss of fat by adding sugar. Low-fat crackers, soups and dressings can also be just as high in calories as richer versions. No matter where the calories come from, overeating will still cause weight gain. The calories from fat just do it a little quicker. A
