1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 41 及答案解析(总分：182.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：8，分数：60.00)1.Section A_A.He is always fit.B.He had appendicitis.C.He has no problem.D.He has never been ill.A.Whether the dentist teaches at the University will decide.B.Whether the patient calls early in the morning.C.Whether it is
2、an emergency or a routine work.D.Whether it is the day for the dentist to have his practice.A.Its harmful for him to use his voice.B.He needs to see a doctor.C.He needs to whisper.D.The woman is Sams doctor.A.Shes really lucky.B.Shes far better than the others.C.Shes got the otherssupport.D.Shes bee
3、n working hard.A.Adviser.B.Computer programmer.C.Product designer.D.Computer designer.A.The man.B.Too little sleep.C.A hat.D.The sun.A.She likes to eat nuts.B.She is self-disciplined.C.She behaves badly at school.D.She enjoys leaving her parents in the dark.A.It is dull all the time.B.It comes and g
4、oes every now and then.C.It is not always that bad.D.It is sometimes as sharp as a knife attack.A.The woman was so silly as to waste much money.B.It was costly to have the motorcycle fixed in the garage.C.Bill must have repaired the motorcycle himself.D.There was a serious problem with the motorcycl
5、e.A.She is really angry.B.She forgives the man.C.She is indifferent to it.D.She feels sorry for the mans absence.A.Go to a different doctor.B.Ask her doctor for a different medication.C.Change her appointment.D.Buy some OTC medicines on her own.A.Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.B.Th
6、e women will be able to buy an intelligent car.C.He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.D.Driving to work is really a headache.A.At a physicians office.B.At the post office.C.At the pediatricians office.D.At an ophthalmologists office.A.Mrs. Smith is good at theory but drives poorly.B
7、.Mrs. Smith always get lost on the road.C.Mrs. Smith knows little about rules and drives fast.D.Mrs. Smith doesnt know how to stop the car.A.A delicate art.B.A religion.C.An exact science.D.Away of life.2.Section B_A.Running nose.B.Fever.C.Cough.D.Pain in joints and muscles.A.She has chronic illness
8、 of respiratory system.B.She has all the symptoms of a common cold.C.She has ever been to some crowded places.D.She contacted the person who is diagnosed of SARS.A.Go back home and relax.B.Get examined and wait.C.Get hospitalized and isolated.D.Get treated immediately.A.SARS is an infectious disease
9、 but curable.B.SARS is an infectious disease and incurable.C.The man has been identified as SARS for his contact history.D.The man cannot been identified as SARS because of his symptom.A.Blood pressure and joints examination.B.Blood pressure and X-ray.C.Blood test and X-ray.D.Blood test and joints e
10、xamination.A.Poor, untrained women.B.Young medical students.C.Wives of military officers.D.Middle-class men and women.A.Medical men.B.Upper-class women.C.Professional nurses.D.Military commanders.A.Nursing was an art that could not be taught.B.Additional medical care from nurses was unnecessary.C.Vo
11、lunteer nurses from the upper class were adequate.D.Educated nurses would undermine their authority.A.Public hygiene in the United States.B.Florence Nightingale: a nurses story.C.The fight for nursing education in the United States.D.Health care in upper-and lower-class neighborhoods.A.Bellevue was
12、a hospital.B.Bellevue was a government.C.Bellevue was a university.D.Bellevue was a womens prison.A.One always knows what his muscles are doing.B.One performs simple actions without working.C.Ones muscles are used only to the extent necessary for each action they perform.D.One improves muscular acti
13、on consciously.A.Voluntary muscles.B.Involuntary muscles.C.Muscles fibers.D.Sensory nerves.A.Because she has more voluntary muscles than an average man.B.Because she has only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle for her body mass as mans.C.Because she has 60 to 70 percent less muscles for her body mass.D
14、.Because she has less muscle fiber for her body weight.A.The efficiency of our muscles.B.The normal breathing function.C.Direction our muscles intelligently.D.The work of only our involuntary muscles.A.They can become shorter and thicker.B.They can stretch.C.They have sense linking the muscles to th
15、e brain.D.They can retract to their original position.二、Part Vocabulary(总题数：22，分数：40.00)3.Section A_4.The thieves fled with the local police close on their_.（分数：2.00）A.backsB.necksC.toesD.heels5.A friendship may be deep, lasting, or_, casual and situational.（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.identicalC.superficia
16、lD.original6.The head of the Museum was_and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.（分数：2.00）A.promisingB.agreeingC.pleasingD.obliging7.It is believed that children of two or three years old are able to learn any language if they are_it.（分数：2.00）A.involved inB.indulged inC.disposed toD.expos
17、ed to8.Tim has failed three courses this semester, so he will have to_them next semester.（分数：2.00）A.remakeB.repeatC.reapplyD.revise9.The tone of the article_the writers mood at the time.（分数：2.00）A.reproducedB.reflectedC.imaginedD.imitated10.The scientists have made an_study of the viruses that cause
18、 the disease.（分数：2.00）A.exhaustedB.exhaustingC.exhaustiveD.exhaustion11.In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, _action.（分数：2.00）A.determiningB.defensiveC.demandingD.decisive12.Last Sunday she came to visit us out of the blue. The italicized phrase means _.（分数：2.0
19、0）A.unexpectedlyB.unhappilyC.untidilyD.unofficially13.The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did_.（分数：2.00）A.absolutelyB.accidentallyC.accordinglyD.accurately14.Section B_15.The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ tran
20、splantation.（分数：2.00）A.factorB.constituentC.breakD.barrier16.Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.（分数：2.00）A.benefit fromB.count onC.stand forD.stick to17.The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political imp
21、lications of the events.（分数：2.00）A.foresawB.neglectedC.exploredD.assessed18.Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.（分数：2.00）A.remindedB.expectedC.requestedD.compelled19.Your grade will be based in large part on the originality o
22、f your ideas.（分数：2.00）A.popularityB.creativityC.feasibilityD.flexibility20.We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.（分数：2.00）A.consciousB.desperateC.intentionalD.clumsy21.So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can s
23、carcely believe myself to have been a party to them.（分数：2.00）A.hardlyB.justC.almostD.definitely22.Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.（分数：2.00）A.caughtB.constrainedC.concealedD.concentrated23.Employees in chemical factories are entitle
24、d to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work.（分数：2.00）A.poisonousB.difficultC.harmfulD.dangerous24.Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of 9 billion.（分数：2.00）A.preciselyB.merelyC.approximatelyD.substantially三、Part
25、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Recent studies of the human brain have resulted in some interesting discoveries. Scientists believe that a way to improve the power of the brain may soon be possible. Scientists have discovered that the brain can make its own drugs. The brain【C1】_a protein substance which can ac
26、t directly【C2】_the brain to change aspects of mental activity. Some may change or improve, for example, creativity, intelligence, imagination, and good【C3】_. Chemicals found in the brain【C4】_messages. In recent years scientists have found chemicals that【C5】_mood, memory and other happenings of the m
27、ind. About 25 have been found【C6】_. Today the role of chemicals and the protein substance in human behavior is creating much interest. Research seems to show that they may help【C7】_insomnia, pain, and mental illness. They have a great【C8】_to stimulate the brain to【C9】_deficiencies. They also improve
28、 the qualities of memory and learning already in the brain. They【C10】_the secret on mood and emotion. Some day there may be a chemical way to create a better and more efficient brain.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.entertainsB.restrainsC.sustainsD.contains(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.againstB.onC.forD.to(3).【C3】
29、（分数：2.00）A.characterB.temperC.spiritD.memory(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.obtainB.acceptC.carryD.receive(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.approachB.affectC.aidD.apply(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.so manyB.so muchC.so farD.so good(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.concealB.compressC.confineD.control(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.courageB.capacityC.authorityD.curio
30、sity(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.containB.contestC.conquerD.condemn(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.heldB.holdC.are holdingD.will hold四、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patient to speed recovery or to conceal the approach of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other li
31、nes of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose corruption or to promote the public interest. What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical ch
32、eckup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctors deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Sh
33、ould they at least conceal the truth until after the family vacation? Doctors confront such choices often and urgently. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patients own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones. Studies show that most doctors sincerely beli
34、eve that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide. As one physician wrote: “Ours is a profession which traditionally ha
35、s been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truths sake, and that is as far as possible do no harm. “ But the illusory nature of the benefits is now coming to be documented. Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of
36、patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: help them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover fas
37、ter after surgery. There is urgent need to debate this issue openly. Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Yet the public has every reason to be wary of prof
38、essional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust. Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, “ What you dont know cant hurt you. “（分数：10.00）(1).According to the authors
39、 opinion, lies_.（分数：2.00）A.can benefit the patientsB.can help the patients to recoveryC.can do nothing to the patients illnessD.can not benefit the patients(2).Which of the following statements is not true?（分数：2.00）A.Most of the doctors believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the
40、 truth about their condition.B.The truthful information helps patients to deal with their illness.C.There is a need to discuss whether to lie or not to the patients.D.It is true that “What you dont know cant hurt. “(3).What is the main idea of the last paragraph ?（分数：2.00）A.There is urgent need to d
41、ebate this issue openly.B.Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying. “What you dont know cant hurt you. “C.The public has every reason to be wary of professional deception.D.We need to discuss this issue in medicine, but not in other p
42、rofessions.(4).What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Deception is beneficial to patients.B.Whether patients should be told the truth of their illness.C.Whether patients really want to know the truth of their illness.D.Who benefits from deception.(5).The reasons that the docto
43、rs lie to the patients are_.（分数：2.00）A.seriously ill patients do not want to be told the truthB.informing them risks destroying their hopeC.telling truth may make them deteriorate fasterD.all the aboveEnglish speakers pick up pitch in the right hemispheres of their brains, but speakers of certain ot
44、her languages perceive it on the left as well. It all depends on what you want to learn from pitch, Donald Wong of the Indiana School of Medicine in Indianapolis told the meeting last week. Earlier studies have shown that when an English speaker hears pitch changes, the right prefrontal cortex leaps
45、 into action. This fits in with the idea that emotive nuances of languagewhich in English are often carried by the rise and fall of the voice are perceived on the right. But in “tonal“ languages like Thai, Mandarin and Swedish, pitch not only carries emotional information, but can also alter the mea
46、ning of a word. Wong and his colleagues suspected that a speaker of tonal language would register pitch in the left side of the brain in particular Brocas area, which processes the linguistic content of language. To test this, the team asked English speakers and Thai speakers to listen to 80 pairs o
47、f Thai words, and tracked the blood flow in their brains using positron emission tomography. The volunteers had to decide whether the two words sounded the same, either by consonant or by tone. In some eases, the words had no intelligible meaning. None of the words was emotionally charged, so even w
48、hen Thai speakers could understand them, there was no right-side activation. But sure enough the Thai speakers consistently lit up the left side of the brain, especially Brocas area, while the English speakers did not. The researchers are now planning to repeat the experiment with Thai speakers using whole sentences, complete with emotional information. “Both hemispheres will be engaged. “
