1、医学博士外语-试卷 5及答案解析(总分：186.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Section A（分数：10.00）_A.Customer and elevator.B.Boss and secretary.C.Customer and clerk.D.Clerk and lift operator.A.Jack“s car was accidentally lost.B.Jack was run over in a car accident.C.Jack survived a car accident.D.Jack fell out of a car.A.Speaker.B.Lecture
2、r.C.Player.D.Dramatis personae.A.The man feels so tired that he couldn“t contribute his attention at all.B.The lecture TA gave is so boring that their hearts go out to game.C.They have different opinions about the lecture.D.The lecture is beyond their understanding.A.A surprise party.B.A picnic.C.A
3、meeting.D.An appointment.A.The woman is afraid of thunderstorms.B.The man works for a roofing company.C.The roof of the woman“s house needs repair.D.The man“s roof is leaking.A.In a hotel.B.At home.C.In a hospital.D.In a dentist“s office.A.He is annoyed but understanding.B.He is not happy with Jane.
4、C.He is worried about Jane.D.He is rather angry with Jane.A.It“s excellent.B.The other place is far superior.C.It“s overrated.D.The menu isn“t very large.A.There are too many centers already.B.They aren“t really going to build one.C.He knew about the planned construction.D.He hasn“t been to the othe
5、r centers.2.Section B（分数：10.00）_A.He suffers from headaches.B.He suffers from nausea.C.He has an infection.D.He suffers from insomnia.A.Less than eight.B.Between eight and nine.C.More than nine.D.Between seven and eight.A.It“s continuous and constant.B.It“s worse during the daytime.C.It“s worse in t
6、he evening and at night.D.Walking is too pain.A.Stabbing.B.Quite intense.C.Labor.D.Dull.A.Martin got trauma in his forehead.B.With great pains and patience, Martin studied diligently.C.Martin is a painstaking doctor.D.Pain makes Martin hard to fall asleep.A.The Washington Monument.B.The White House.
7、C.The Capitol.D.The National Gallery.A.In 1862.B.In 1812.C.In 1800.D.In 1900.A.The tourists take a walk top to get to the observation level and take pictures from high up.B.The tourists take the lift up to top to get to the observation level and take pictures from high up.C.The tourists take the ele
8、vator up to get to the observation to take pictures from high up.D.The tourists take the lift up and take pictures on the top of the observation.A.It is a park-like Mall.B.It is obelisk.C.It is dome-like Mall.D.It is cube-like Mall.A.Madison Drive Capitol HillThe Washington MonumentThe White House.B
9、.The Washington MonumentCapitol HillThe White House.C.Capitol HillThe Washington MonumentThe White House.D.The Washington MonumentThe White HouseCapitol Hill.A.A journalist.B.A tour guide.C.A writer.D.A government official.A.Farmers.B.Clerks.C.Members of Congress.D.Members of Labor Unions.A.Clerk wh
10、o jumps on one foot.B.A bill.C.A box.D.A vote.A.Only a Congressional staff member.B.Congressional staff member, business, labor and farm groups, government agencies and White House staff.C.Every citizen of America.D.Government agencies and White House staff.A.The floor of the Senate.B.Labor Unions.C
11、.Joint sessions of Congress.D.Legislative body.3.Section A（分数：2.00）_4.Parents have a legal_to ensure that their children are provided with efficient education suitable to their ages.（分数：2.00）A.acknowledgementB.commitmentC.obligationD.promise5.In most countries, employers are required by law to pay_t
12、o their workers for injuries.（分数：2.00）A.subsidyB.allowanceC.complementD.compensation6.David likes country life and has decided to_farming.（分数：2.00）A.get along withB.go back onC.get round toD.go in for7.According to the psychologist Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the_of maturity.（分数：2.00）A.fulfillm
13、entB.achievementC.establishmentD.accomplishment8.The doctor_a new medicine for his patient.（分数：2.00）A.ascribedB.prescribedC.describedD.subscribed9.When you go sun-bathing, you must wear sun-glasses to_eyes from the strong ray.（分数：2.00）A.avertB.divertC.screenD.distract10.Although most dreams apparent
14、ly happen_, dream activities may be provoked by external influences.（分数：2.00）A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.homogeneouslyD.instantaneously11.Retired workers of our country are_free medical care.（分数：2.00）A.entitled toB.involved inC.associated withD.assigned to12.Section B（分数：2.00）_13.Wearing cosmet
15、ics does harm to the skin.（分数：2.00）A.tight clothesB.long hairC.makeupD.cover14.The forest ranger is an supporter of environmental protection laws.（分数：2.00）A.lawyerB.helperC.attackerD.advocate15.A spiral staircase takes up less space than a normal one.（分数：2.00）A.roundB.whirlC.windingD.bending16.The p
16、olice deduced that the murder had been committed by a woman.（分数：2.00）A.concluded by reasoningB.concluded by investigationC.concluded by guessingD.concluded by analyzing17.Such speculations no longer belong to the realm of science.（分数：2.00）A.transactionsB.ventureC.conjecturesD.meditate18.These statue
17、s are the only evidence of a once great civilization.（分数：2.00）A.trailsB.trackC.tracesD.trait19.The lovers arranged a secret rendezvous .（分数：2.00）A.hauntB.placeC.appointmentD.meet五、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A number of personal characteristics play a vital role in the development of one“s intelligenc
18、e. But people fail to realize the significance of cultivating these factors in young people. The “non-intelligence factors“ include one“s feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits, etc. After a 30-year follow-up study of 8000 males, American psychologists【C1】_that the main cause of disparitie
19、s in intelligence is not intelligence itself, but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn, will-power and self-confidence. 【C2】_people all know that one should have definite objectives, a strong will and good learning habits, quite a number of teachers and parents don“t pay much atten
20、tion to cultivating these factors. Some parents are greatly worried【C3】_their children fail to do well in their studies. They blame either genetic factors, malnutrition, or laziness, but they never take into consideration these non-intelligence factors. At the same time, some teachers don“t inquire
21、into the reason why students do poorly. They simply give them more course and exercises, or【C4】_rebuke or ridicule them. After all, these students lose self-confidence. Some of them just feel defeated and【C5】_themselves up as hopeless. Others may go astray because they are sick of learning. An inves
22、tigation of more than 1,000 middle students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 percent of them were【C6】_of learning, because of examination, 36.4 percent lacked persistence, initiative and conscientiousness and 10.3 percent were sick of learning. It is clear that the lack of cultivation of non-intelligenc
23、e factors has been a main【C7】_to intelligence development in teenagers. It even causes an imbalance between physiological and【C8】_development among a few students. If we don“t start now to strengthen the cultivation of non-intelligence factors, it will not only obstruct the development of the【C9】_of
24、 teenagers, but also affect the quality of a whole generation. Some experts have put forward proposals about how to cultivate student“s non-intelligence factors. First, parents and teachers should【C10】_understand teenage psychology. On this basic, they can help them to pursue the objectives of learn
25、ing, stimulating their interests and toughening their willpower.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.came outB.found outC.figured outD.worked out(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.neverthelessC.howeverD.moreover(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.aboutB.whenC.howD.whether(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.everB.evenC.stillD.more(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.
26、putB.getC.handleD.give(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.afraidB.aheadC.awareD.ashamed(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.storageB.tendencyC.threatD.obstacle(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.intelligentB.characteristicC.psychologicalD.physical(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.intelligenceB.diligenceC.maturityD.performance(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.fullyB.greatlyC.ver
27、yD.highly六、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)Relaxing isn“t easy. I know I have tried it. I can see, therefore, why Japan“s government should want corporations to have full-time “leisure advisers“. It seems an idea worth copying. A start should, perhaps, be made at the very top. Captains of industr
28、y often find it hardest of all to relax. Some buy a luxurious yacht, a beach house, or even an island, but seldom make use of these expensive leisure facilities. “I don“t have time for a holiday,“ they insist. What they usually mean is not that they couldn“t find the time, if pressed, but that they
29、don“t want to. More often than not the plain truth is that they don“t know how to ease up. No one has ever told them how to do it. You can“t be a frantic executive one day and a leisurely beachcomber the next, the contrast is too great. But a captain of industry on a beach and he tends to get bored
30、and restless. He misses the pace, the action. Invite him to play tennis and he will probably decline, because he fears that he will look foolish he prefers to play games in the office, where he is a proven winner. If he has a holiday home, or stays in a plush hotel, he will be on the telephone six t
31、imes a day, doing what he does best. So what can a “leisure adviser“ do for himor, increasingly, her? The basic task is to change attitudes, and gradually to introduce him to various leisure activities. A good start is to persuade him that holidays are a “psychological investment“, and that it is pe
32、rfectly feasible to combine business with pleasure. They can take work with them. For a captain of industry, holidays are ideal of strategic planning. They can call the office, though the aim must be to reduce the number of calls as the holiday progresses. They can be persuaded to take up golf. It i
33、s not only a pleasant and healthy way of going for a leisurely walk, but it can also be good for business. Once the initial leisure training period has been completed you can try to hook him on other activities which are every bit as challenging as a take-over bid. He can climb mountains, ride river
34、 rapids, go scuba diving. He may well end up making a happy discovery; leisure can be fun.（分数：10.00）(1).Top executives often find it difficult to take time off because_.（分数：2.00）A.it would cause them financial problemsB.they need to protect their jobsC.they have never really learnt how to relaxD.the
35、y simply don“t have the time(2).For many executives the worst thing about going away on a holiday is_.（分数：2.00）A.being out of touch with the officeB.having to lie on a beach in the sunC.having to stay in a hotel or a holiday homeD.being unable to escape the telephone(3).A frantic executive put on a
36、beach tends to_.（分数：2.00）A.be boring and restiveB.miss the pace and get lostC.fear that he will be a good laughD.find it hard to have a beak in the routine(4).The main role of a leisure adviser is to_.（分数：2.00）A.teach an executive a new leisure activityB.give an executive a full medical check-upC.he
37、lp an executive alter his approach to lifeD.organize a holiday for an executive(5).Once an executive has started taking up a leisure activity, he may_.（分数：2.00）A.discover that it really pays offB.still have a long way to go so as to really ease upC.call the office more when staying out for a holiday
38、D.show a keen interest in more activitiesThis week some top scientists, including Nobel Prize winners, gave their vision of how the world will look in 2056, from gas-powered cars to extraordinary health advances, John Ingham reports on what the world“s finest minds believe our futures will be. For t
39、hose of us lucky enough to live that long, 2056 will be a world of almost perpetual youth, where obesity is a remote memory and robots become our companions. We will be rubbing shoulders with aliens and colonizing outer space. Better still, our descendants might at last live in a world at peace with
40、 itself. Will we really, as today“s scientists claim, be able to live for ever or at least cheat the ageing process so that the average person lives to 150? Of course, all these predictions come with a scientific health warning. Harvard professor Steven Pinker says: “This is an invitation to look fo
41、olish, as with the predictions of domed cities and nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners that were made 50 years ago.“ Living longer Anthony Atala, director of the Wake Forest Institute in North Carolina, believes failing organs will be repaired by injecting cells into the body. They will naturally to str
42、aight to the injury and help heal it. A system of injections without needles could also slow the ageing process by using the same process to “tune“ cells. Bruce Lahn, professor of human genetics at the University of Chicago, anticipates the ability to produce “unlimited supplies“ of transplantable h
43、uman organs without the needed a new organ, such as kidney, the surgeon would contact a commercial organ producer, give him the patient“s immuno-logical profile and would then be sent a kidney with the correct tissue type. These organs would be entirely composed of human cells, grown by introducing
44、them into animal hosts, and allowing them to develop into and organ in place of the animal“s own. But Prof. Lahn believes that farmed brains would be “off limits“. He says: “Very few people would want to have their brains replaced by someone else“s and we probably don“t want to put a human braining
45、an animal body.“ Richard Miller, a professor at the University of Michigan, thinks scientist could develop “authentic anti-ageing drugs“ by working out how cells in larger animals such as whales and human resist many forms of injuries. He says: “It“s is now routine, in laboratory mammals, to extend
46、lifespan by about 40%. Turning on the same protective systems in people should, by 2056, create the first class of 100-year-olds who are as vigorous and productive as today“s people in their 60s.“ Spinal injuries Ellen Heber-Katz, a professor at the Wistar Institude in Philadelphia, foresees cures f
47、or injuries causing paralysis such as the one that afflicted Superman star Christopher Reeve. She says: “I believe that the day is not far off when we will be able to proscribe drugs that cause severed spinal cords to heal, hearts to regenerate and lost limbs to regrow.“ “People will come to expect
48、that injured or diseased organs are meant to be repaired from within, in much the same way that we fix an appliance or automobile: by replacing the damaged part with a manufacturer-certified new part.“ She predicts that within 5 to 10 years fingers and toes will be regrown and limbs will start to be regrown a few years later. Repairs to the nervous system will start with optic nerves and, in time, the spinal cor
